Gestational Weight Gain
Six studies reported gestational weight gain according to NAM guideline
as an outcome.33,47-51 Pooled results demonstrated no
statistically significant association between diet quality and excessive
(OR: 0.91; 95 CI: 0.76, 1.10; I2 = 59%;
P-heterogeneity = 0.03; Figure 2) or inadequate gestational weight gain
(OR: 0.90; 95 CI: 0.70, 1.17; I2 = 80%;
P-heterogeneity < 0.01; Figure S1). Results were consistent in
the sensitivity analysis where the moderate quality
study33 was excluded (Table S6). Due to small number
of studies, we were unable to detect the covariate that could explain
the observed heterogeneity (Table S7).
Three studies reported gestational weight gain as a continuous
outcome.40,52,53 A Meta-analysis could not be
performed because effect estimates were not available for one of the
studies52. Rohatgi et al. found a strong
association between HEI-2010 and GWG (p=0.0011), but no detailed effect
estimates were reported52. Fulay et al. found
that in women who were obese before pregnancy, each one-unit increment
in the DASH diet score was associated with 0.19 (95% CI: 0.05, 0.34) kg
higher GWG from the time of dietary assessment to
delivery53. In a small study of 41 women, Grandy et
al. did not find a statistically significant association between
HEI-2010 and GWG40.