Background: Adiponectin is a well-known adipokines with anti-inflammatory effects. Leptin is known as its effect on food intake and energy. Here in present study we aimed to evaluate possible effect of soy supplementation on circulating adiponectin and leptin. Methods: Systematic search performed up to April 2020 in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane. All RCTs which evaluated the effect soy supplementation on adiponectin and leptin concentration were included. Results: According to our analysis on 14 studies, in overall, soy supplementation had significant effect on adiponectin concentration. Furthermore, soy supplementation has no significant effect on serum leptin concentration, but subgroup analysis showed significant increase in leptin concentration in studies with doses more than 20 g/day of soy supplementation. Conclusion: Soy supplementation has significant increasing effect on adiponectin level. Whilst pooled effect size did not show any significant effect of soy product supplementation on leptin level.

Background: The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with chronic oxidative stress and inflammation. It is well known that the expression of some miRNAs such as miRNA-146a up- regulate in diabetic and hyperglycemic patients whereas, circulating miRNA-126 reduces. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determinate the effects of Astaxanthin supplementation on the expression of miR-146a and miR-126, MDA and inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 44 type 2 diabetes patients who were randomly assigned to received 8mg of oral Astaxanthin/d (n=22) or placebo(n=22) for 8 weeks. Results: We observed that Astaxanthin supplementation could decrease plasma levels of MDA and IL-6 (P < 0.05) and declined the expression level of miR-146a over time (Fold change: -1/388) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Astaxanthin supplementation might be beneficial for improving circulating MDA and IL-6 and down regulation of miR-146a. However, future investigations are suggested to confirm these results.