Nutcracker syndrome (NCS) is known as a status of compression of the left renal vein (LRV) between the abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery (SMA). We here report a case of NCS in Marfan patients with type B aortic dissection who presented with sudden gross hematuria. Computed tomography revealed the compression of the LRV sandwiched between the SMA and the dilated dissecting abdominal aorta. The compression was released after surgical intervention and the hematuria was promptly recovered. This report highlights that NCS should be considered as a differential diagnosis of unexplained hematuria in patients with the chronic dissecting aorta.

Background: Management of pacemaker (PM) infections in patients with an advanced age is one of the most sensitive issues, since they possess particular clinical challenges due to higher rates of medical comorbidities. The novel leadless pacemaker (LP) requiring no transvenous lead or device pocket, may provide new opportunities for the management of PM infections among patients with an advanced age. Methods: We reviewed 8 octogenarians (median age of 86 [minimum 82 – maximum 90], male 63%) who received an LP implantation following a transvenous lead extraction (TLE) of an infectious PM. Results: All patients had more than 2 medical comorbidities. The indications for the LP implantations were atrioventricular block in 3 patients, atrial fibrillation bradycardia in 3, and sinus node dysfunction in 2. Five patients were bridged with a temporary pacing using an active fixation lead (median interval of 14.5 days), while one patient with severe dementia underwent a concomitant LP implantation and TLE during the same procedure. Successful TLEs and LP implantations were accomplished in all patients. There were no major or minor complications including vascular access troubles. All patients were discharged 2–8 days after the implantation. All patients stayed free of infection during the follow-up period of 6 months Conclusions: LP implantations were safe and effective after infected pacemaker removals in all 8 octogenarians. The novel LP technology may offer an alternative option in considering re-implantation of a PM even among patients with an advanced age and who are PM dependent.