Abstract

Although the adult brain is perceived as largely fixed, this concept is receiving increased scrutiny. One way in which the brain can dynamically change in response to repeated stimuli is by altering the speed of conductivity. Oligodendrocytes are a major cell type allowing for the increased or reduced insulation of neuronal axons, through alterations in myelination. One novel way to measure these changes is through the non-invasive method of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. This article will provide an overview of the current state of research, and provide clues as to how oligodendrocytes are mediating dynamic white matter alterations.