Wireless sensor networks and nodes are faced with severe constraints in power capacity and lifespan, especially in harsh and cold environments. Electromagnetic radiation energy harvesters serve as a promising alternative power source for sensor nodes. However, the power output from reported energy harvesters remains limited, emphasizing the critical need to reduce power consumption in sensor nodes. In this study, we propose a miniaturized low-voltage controllable metamaterial. It is intended for 2.4 GHz wireless band and is capable of operating in extremely adverse conditions, for instance, beneath the ice, while requiring only 3.3 V control voltage and consumes about 0.3 μW energy. Measurements in sub-ice environment demonstrate its outstanding reflection control characteristics, making it highly suitable as a backscatter communication node in wireless sensor networks in harsh environments.

Background: One of the key challenges regarding the managment of twins involves choosing the optimal mode of delivery, which is strongly influenced by the final presentation of both fetuses. In cases of vertex-nonvertex pregnancies attempting the trial of vaginal delivery, external cephalic version (ECV) is one of the possible management options. Objectives: The main objective of this review was to collect and summarize available data in terms of the application of ECV in the population of nonvertex second twins. Search Strategy: Using the PRISMA guidelines, different databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, COCHRANE) were searched. Selection Criteria: English-language original research studies. Data Collection and Analysis: Out of 260 articles retrieved, 10 were subjected to the final analysis in terms of success rates, modes of delivery, and adverse outcomes. Main Results: The total number of ECVs was 289, with the overall success rate of 64.4%. In the group of successful versions, vertex vaginal delivery was achieved in 171 cases (91.9%). The incidence of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes was low. Conclusions: Based on the series of articles, ECV seems to be a reasonable option of management in nonvertex second twins. However, due to the actual low number of existing studies, their retrospective nature, and questionable methodology, it is impossible to make any strong conclusions. Further research, especially including randomized studies, is needed to determine the application of ECV in this specific population.

Passive intermodulation (PIM) has become a threat to high-power and multiple-channel communication systems as self-interference sources. A communication channel model with high-order PIM interference is proposed in this letter. Considering the nonignorable additive white Gaussian noise in communication systems, an extended model for PIM interference based on modified Cauchy and Gaussian mixture distributions is presented. A closed form for bit error rate (BER) is derived based on the statistical model of PIM. The BER performance of the proposed distribution model outperforms the existing analysis methods and approximates the simulated results. This research is of practical significance for communication system design and link margin analysis.

Drought stress reduces leaf net assimilation (A N) and phloem export, but the equilibrium between the two is unknown. Consequently, the leaf carbon balance and the primary use of the leaf nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) under water deficit are unclear. Also, we do not know how quickly leaves can replenish their NSC storage and resume export after rehydration. Hence, we dried grapevines to either zero A N, turgor loss, or complete wilting while following the leaf carbon dynamics. The vines ceased growth and minimized carbon export under drought, conserving the leaves NSC until A N zeroed. Subsequently, the leaves slowly depleted their NSC storage. However, the NSC depletion rate in the leaves was too slow to support the leaf’s energetic requirements, probably transforming the leaves into carbon sinks. Even under extreme drought (-2 MPa), the leaves had substantial NSC reserves (38% of the controls). After rehydration, all surviving leaves recovered their NSC storage within a week, and even leaves that were later shed had functional phloem export in the week after rehydration. The study reveals the leaf carbon relations under drought, highlighting the preference of the leaf to conserve its NSC storage rather than utilize it.

Context: Successful software projects control the challenges of project delays, cost overrun and delivering quality software products that satisfy customer needs. The specified software requirements are fundamental input of planning, executing, monitoring and controlling software development processes. In addition, software requirements drive software design, code, test cases, and documentation of software product. Therefore, quality of software requirements hold a critical importance for a successful software project. Objectives: This study empirically evaluates the perception of software professionals regarding relationship between qualities of software requirements and project success factors. Method: The study comprises of two steps. First we conducted a systematic mapping study and we identified 16 requirement qualities and their related 4 project success factors through analyzing 25 primary studies published between 2000 and 2024. In addition, we proposed a research model using the requirement qualities and the success factors. Second, we statistically validated the research model based on a survey among 202 software professionals. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is applied on the survey responses to identify statistically significant requirement qualities and their relationship with the success factors. The SEM uses exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and hypothesis testing. Results: The SEM confirms that survey responses of software professionals fit the research model. It confirms strong belief of software professionals that ten out of sixteen requirement qualities (RQ) are related to project success in terms of the cost containment, quality of software products, and effective software project management. The RQ include frozen system requirements, volatile requirements, requirement creep, unattainable requirements, and requirement change control, gold plating, requirements forward traceability, requirements backward traceability and verifiable requirements. Discussion: This study identified and evaluated requirement qualities related to project success factors. We recommend project managers to consider the proposed research model in better planning and executing requirements management process during software development life cycle.

1 INTRODUCTIONRadiofrequency ablation has been demonstrated to be a low-risk and effective treatment for eliminating premature ventricular complexes (PVC).1,2 The retrograde transaortic approach is a widely used access route for the mapping and ablation of ventricular arrhythmias arising from the left ventricle, including the papillary muscles.1 It has been reported that some complications were associated with the retrograde transaortic approach, including iatrogenic aortic dissection, coronary damage, valve leaflets damage, complete atrioventricular block and so on.1,3 However, acute ischemic stroke (AIS) associated with the retrograde transaortic manipulation during radiofrequency ablation of PVC was rarely reported.4 In this case report, we shared a case of AIS encountered after the retrograde transaortic manipulation, during a procedure of PVC ablation.2 CASE HISTORYA 66-year-old woman (Height 164cm, Weight 72Kg) was referred for radiofrequency ablation of frequent PVC (Figure 1A), after the treatment of which by medication had been ineffective. She had a history of palpitation for one year. Her PVC burden was 14.5%, with a total of 12735 PVCs during the 24-hour Holter. Regular examination confirmed the diagnosis of hypercholesteremia (total cholesterol 6.08mmol/L, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 4.16 mmol/L). No other disease (hypertension, diabetic mellitus, stroke) was recorded. Before the procedure, transthoracic echocardiography revealed the patient had normal cardiac diameters and normal left ventricular ejection function (68%).

A document by Mehdi Bakhtiarzadeh. Click on the document to view its contents.

Mohadeseh Khoshandam1, 2, Iman Bhia3, Hossein Soltaninejad4, Mehdi Sani5, Saman Hosseinkhani6, Amir Ali Hamidieh71- Department of Reproductive Biology, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Qom branch 3716986466, Iran.2- National institute of genetic engineering and biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran 14965/161, Iran3- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran4- Department of stem cells technology and Tissue Regeneration, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Technologies, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 15614, Iran5- Alimohammadi Research Institute of Iran6- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University,Tehran, Iran7- Pediatric Cell and Gene Therapy Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6559, IranCorresponding author: Hossein Soltaninejad, email: Hossein.soltani@modares.ac.ir

Metallic Taste (MT) is frequently described during head and neck cancer treatments but very little is known about its etiologies. One hypothesis to explain the MT is the removal of facial nerve inhibition on the glossopharyngeal nerve. Indeed, the decrease of taste afferents mediated by the facial nerve (anterior two-thirds of the tongue) due to cancer or its treatments, would reveal those mediated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (posterior one-third of the tongue) and thus lead to MT perception. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of this hypothesis. Selective supraliminar taste tests on the tip and the base of the tongue were regularly performed on 44 patients with head and neck cancers before, during, and after their treatment. Sweet, salty, bitter, sour, and MT were tested. Patients were grouped based on whether they reported experiencing MT or not. 12 patients complained about MT (27.2%), always during the treatment phase. Most of them (83.3%) were treated by surgery and radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy. Supraliminar tastes were altered in every patient, especially during the treatment phase. Test results showed that perceived intensity was significantly reduced in patients reporting MT for salt, sweet and sour. This was observed more on the base of tongue than on the tip of the tongue. MT was significantly linked with mucositis (p=0.027) but with neither candidiasis (p=0.38) nor salivary flow (p=0.63). The hypothesis of removal of facial nerve inhibition on the glossopharyngeal nerve cannot explain MT in head and neck cancer.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often results in significant cognitive impairments and neuronal apoptosis, presenting a critical challenge for effective therapeutic intervention. This study explores the potential of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in ameliorating PTSD-induced cognitive dysfunction and neuronal damage in a mouse model, with a specific focus on the modulation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) expression and its m6A RNA methylation. Using the single prolonged stress (SPS) model to induce PTSD-like symptoms, mice were administered NAC and subsequently subjected to Morris water maze and open field tests to assess cognitive performance. Immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and enzyme assays were employed to evaluate neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus. Methylation-specific RNA immunoprecipitation and qRT-PCR were used to analyze the regulation of ATF4 expression and m6A methylation. Results demonstrated that NAC treatment significantly improved cognitive function and reduced hippocampal neuronal apoptosis. These effects were closely associated with decreased m6A methylation levels and reduced expression of ATF4. Silencing of ATF4 further diminished neuronal apoptosis and cognitive impairments, underscoring the crucial role of ATF4 methylation in PTSD pathology. This study highlights the therapeutic potential of NAC in PTSD, revealing a novel mechanism through the modulation of ATF4 methylation, and paving the way for innovative treatment strategies.

Philosophers and psychologists now can join hands with neuroanatomists to solve the vexing problem of personal identity. Personal identity can be located in a person, described specifically, is stable, and is deeply structured (genetically and even mathematically). Current psychological methods lack sufficient specificity and material validation. The ethos-ethics-morality triad is shaped according to identity integrity, along with its internalization (virtue), resulting in a life theme that feeds behavior norms to the person. A person knowing these things can better manage her/his conflicts in individual and social environments. The Voris method is a paradigm identity probe. The train of development of identity is: ontology-epistemology, fundamental law and singularity, quantum-cosmological context (number and spacetime), order/arrangement, math/logic, geometry, atomic structure, transition from dynamism, molecule (valence – applying Maxwell’s geometry), DNA, genetics (created by DNA), and neural substrates. Psychological probing and self-reports can be validated by neurocorrelates (e.g.: NIMH, Human Brain Project, and others). Multidimensional Turing tests contribute to validation but, of course, are not definitive, as in challenges by artificial intelligence (AI). Judgement depends upon our knowing what mentation (as in consciousness) is, a goal yet to be achieved. Material (physical) aspects can be reduced to mathematical ones, there possibly and ultimately being no distinction. Such a course can lead to a more precise way of describing and explaining the effec

Neurofeedback, a technique enabling individuals to modulate their brain activity in real-time, has garnered significant attention for its potential applications in clinical therapy, cognitive enhancement, and performance optimization. This review paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of neurofeedback research, drawing insights from 65 seminal papers. We explore the historical background, methods, and techniques employed in neurofeedback studies, highlighting advancements and innovations in the field. Through a detailed examination of applications across various domains, including clinical settings and cognitive performance enhancement, we summarize key findings and efficacy of neurofeedback interventions. Furthermore, we discuss common limitations and challenges faced in neurofeedback research, along with future directions and potential advancements. By synthesizing insights from diverse studies, this paper offers valuable implications for the future of neurofeedback, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and personalized approaches in harnessing its full potential.

Summary It is possible that humans may never find a neural mechanism that measures the number of action potentials on the scale of neurons. For the cerebral cortex, neurons are merely geometric points without spatial characteristics. No matter when or from which direction a neural signal arrives, the signal expression of a neuron within a neural region is unique. This unique neural signal expression is determined by the properties of the neuron, which in turn are determined by the neurotransmitters it secretes. In the universe, any complete space can be expressed as z = a + bi, where a is the observable part by humans, the real part of z, and bi is the unobservable part, the imaginary part. In the human brain, the real and imaginary parts can transform into each other, forming neural responses in the brain. If the cerebral cortex is a two-dimensional plane structure, then the neural projection structure constitutes the third dimension, and all the neural inhibitory signals form the fourth-dimensional structure of the human brain. At any given moment in the cerebral cortex, the prerequisites for the existence of consciousness include the following: some excited neurons have consistent action potential waveforms and phases, the structure between the excited neurons is continuous, and the biological characteristics of the neurons are fully expressed

Spotlight Commentary: Examining Safety Profiles of Topical Ocular MedicationLorena Karla Šklebar1,2, Robert Likić2,3, Sonja Jandroković1,21 Department of ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia2 University of Zagreb, School of medicine, Zagreb, Croatia3 Division for clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, Department of internal medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, CroatiaKeywords: eye drops; systemic side effect; ocular side effect; safety profile; topical ocular medicationWord count: 1085Table count: 1Figure count: 0Topical medications are frequently used in treating a wide range of ocular diseases due to their efficiency in delivery directly to the afflicted area. However, localized administration cannot prevent side effects, both local and systemic, which can sometimes be overlooked or underestimated. The aim of this spotlight commentary is to provide a review of safety profiles of topical ocular medications, analysing their effect on the ocular structures as well as their systemic and environmental impacts. 1Although topical ocular medications are designed for localized treatment and are administered directly on the surface of the eye, there is a significant systemic absorption of these drugs through several pathways. The first of two major pathways is from the lacrimal sac through the nasolacrimal duct into the nasopharynx where drugs can be systemically absorbed through the nasal mucosa. This pathway can easily be circumvented by manually providing pressure to the medial canthus or by closing the eyes for 5 minutes after the instillation of each drop, which will cause compression on the nasolacrimal duct. The other major pathway for systemic absorption is through the conjunctiva and conjunctival blood vessels. Minor pathways of systemic drug delivery are through the pharynx, gastrointestinal tract, skin of the cheeks and the eyelids, aqueous humour, and inner ocular tissues. Special care must be taken when treating the paediatric patients who have a much higher risk of developing systemic side effects, due to inadequate dosage and increased systemic permeability of the drugs. 2Localised adverse effects of topical ocular medications commonly arise due to preservatives, which are used in eye drops and ointments in order to prolong their shelf life and guard against microbiological contamination. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is the most used preservative in ophthalmic medications. Clinical studies have extensively examined the toxic effects of BAC, revealing that its prolonged use causes time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity on the ocular surface, leading to tear film instability and the development of ocular surface disease, dry eye, and Meibomian gland dysfunction 3,4. Therefore, the European Medicine Agency recommends avoiding preservatives in patients who have pre-existing ocular surface disease or who develop dry eye or ocular irritation over time. 3Among eye drops, the most commonly discussed side effects, both local (as stated in Table 1) and systemic, in certain groups of topical ocular medications, pertain to antiglaucoma eyedrops, such as β receptor blockers, α receptor agonists and pilocarpine. Due to their chronic usage, physicians must take special care in choosing the right therapy for their patients as well as monitor for potential adverse events. β receptor blockers have a major limitation in their usage due to their frequent systemic side effects, although they are a potent antiglaucoma medications. Targeting β1-receptor causes reduced cardiac contractility and heart rate, bradycardia, and a blood pressure decrease and β2-receptor targeting leads to exacerbated asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease symptoms. Additionally, central nervous system symptoms such as headaches, depression, and confusion may occur. Betaxolol is a selective β1-receptor antagonist which therefore causes fewer side effects to the respiratory system. 5 When α2 adrenergic agonists are applied, systemic side effects such as dry mouth, dizziness, fatigue, and drowsiness may occur, particularly in patients predisposed to bradycardia.6Excessive use of pilocarpine can also have numerous adverse effects due to its parasympathomimetic action which includes excessive sweating, drooling, bronchospasm, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach-ache, bradycardia, a drop in blood pressure, hallucinations and depression.Special caution also must be taken when prescribing topical ocular or systemic steroid medication. Because of their potential to change the microstructure of the trabecular meshwork, they can induce a rise in intraocular pressure by decreasing aqueous humour outflow and potentially causing the development of steroid induced glaucoma. Prolonged use of topical corticosteroids can also induce cataract formation and increase susceptibility to infection. If used in eyes with epithelial defects, they can inhibit growth factors and delay wound healing.Another group of eye drops which can have substantial systemic effects are mydriatics, such as phenylephrine and atropine. Phenylephrine, a selective α1-receptor, is applied in the form of eye drops for dilating the pupils during ophthalmological examinations. Due to its sympathomimetic effect it can cause major cardiovascular side effects, especially when administered in patients with pre-existing hypertension conditions.7 Atropine is a muscarinic receptor antagonist often used in ophthalmology in the form of eye drops for its mydriatic and cycloplegic effect. When systemically absorbed, it can potentially cause side effects like mouth and eye dryness, flushed skin and face, fever, tachycardia, delirium or restlessness, urinary retention, and constipation. If used in higher doses or over a longer period, in severe cases, central anticholinergic syndrome may occur, which is characterized by confusion, agitation, and hallucinations.8 Mydriatics also affect inner ocular structures. Phenylephrine is linked with a decrease in choroidal thickness, while atropine eye drops are associated with an increase in choroidal thickness. This necessitates careful monitoring of patients on long-term topical therapies for any alterations in choroidal structure because of their potential effect on visual function.9Other eyedrops, such as antiallergics, can also be sometimes used in treating eye conditions. Topical H1-receptor blockers and mast cell stabilizers in the form of antiallergic eye drops infrequently cause systemic side effects following ocular use. When they do occur, these side effects are usually mild, presenting as dry mouth, nausea, headache, or drowsiness.7The environmental effect is another part of pharmaceutical safety profiles which cannot be disregarded. Inappropriate disposal of drugs, including eye medications, poses a significant risk to public health and environmental sustainability by contaminating water supplies and disrupting ecosystems.10 Other than the drug itself, its packaging can also cause substantial waste, as is the case with monodose eye drops. These eyedrops are stored in small single-use containers, in order to prevent microbial growth which can occur in standard eye drop bottles after opening. However, their disposal creates a lot of waste. 11 Pharmaceutical companies should provide education and raise awareness among healthcare providers and patients about how to properly manage pharmaceutical waste.In conclusion, although topical ocular medication is the foundation of ophthalmic treatment, before prescribing physicians must be aware of their safety profiles. Although they are generally considered safe, their potential adverse effects on ocular and systemic health highlights challenges in the management of ocular diseases. Healthcare practitioners should choose preservative-free formulations where possible, monitor for both local and systemic side effects, and act responsibly while taking into consideration the environmental implications of pharmaceutical use. These safety concerns should be further investigated in future studies with the goal of improving therapeutic outcomes for patients while minimizing risks.

Free space optical (FSO) communication is now become a main communication due to the ability of propagation channel to operate up to Terabit per sec (Tbs) and can support high number user. However, FSO vulnerable when experience bad weather condition. In this research proposed new development of transmitter and receiver design in order to reduce the impact of atmospheric attenuation and increase receiver sensitivity. The proposed technique will use the combination balance receiver and subtraction signal at receiver. In this paper, the performance of proposed technique will consider scintillation turbulence effect and using Gamma Gamma Distribution. The analysis performance will compare with conventional amplitude shift keying (ASK) approach. Simulation result will be used to measure the performance and comparison between conventional and new proposed modulation double transmission balance receiver (DTBR) will also be presented. The measurement of result will involve the effect of geometrical loss, data bit rate and distance propagation. Four level of synchronous transport module (STM) which is STM1(155Mbps), STM4(622Mbps), STM16(2.5Gbps) and STM64(10Gbps) will be compare the performance of bit rate. Meanwhile two different distances will test to measure the ability system extend the range transmission. From the result, the DTBR can increase 25% improvement as compare to conventional ASK.

Omnivore mammals play a crucial role in maintaining food web structure and stability in ecosystem. However, on the molecular level, their dietary habit remain inadequately revealed, mainly because existing studies focused separately on animal or plant food sequences (amplified the sequences of animal food or plant food respectively), failing to and being unable to achieve the unified quantification. To address this bottleneck gap, we proposed a new method that utilizes the combination of two pairs of primers to amplifying the fragments of nuclear 18S rRNA gene and mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. The method can quantify both animal and plant food sequences in a unified manner, thus revealing whether omnivores are more vegetarian or carnivorous. Simultaneously optimized dietary indicators at the individual level helps to exclude the DNA sequences of the omnivore itself, eliminating the need for blocking primers. Our case study, based on the wild Asian badgers (Meles leucurus), demonstrates that method effectively achieves unified quantification of diverse food sequences. Overall, our method provides a viable new insight into the quantitative study of molecular dietary habits in omnivores. We advocate abandoning stereotypes and extending this method to animals traditionally considered as herbivores or carnivores. We also highly encourage further efforts to achieve unity between animal and plant food in the dietary habit studies of omnivores and other animals.

A document by Žan Zelič. Click on the document to view its contents.

Introduction Post-operative haemorrhage following thyroid and parathyroid surgery is a well-recognised life-threatening complication. Following an audit reporting a reoperation for bleeding rate of 1.3% in 1913 patients, a protocol driven approach including several specific measures at the time of wound closure (captured by the ‘ITSRED Fred’ mnemonic - Irrigation of wound, Time, Systolic blood pressure >100 mm Hg, Relief of neck extension, Elevation of venous pressure, Drain avoidance and Flap evaluation) was implemented and evaluated. Methods The records of 1525 thyroid and/or parathyroid surgical procedures in a single tertiary unit between 2017 and 2022 were reviewed following the implementation of the ‘ITSRED Fred’ protocol. The rates of re-bleeding requiring surgery and the management of patients requiring reoperation for bleeding were examined. Results The median age of the cohort was 53 years with a male: female ratio of 1:4. Of these, 946 (62%) had thyroid surgery, 541(35%) had parathyroid surgery and 38(2.5%) had both. Twelve (0.79%) patients had re-operation for bleeding (lower than previously reported). Of these, 4 (0.26%) required re-operation before leaving theatre; 6 (0.39%) had bleeding within 6 hours and two (0.13%) after 6 hours. Bleeding rates were 1.06% (n=10) in thyroid surgery (n=946) compared to 0.37% (n=2) in parathyroid surgery (n=541). Hospital stay was not increased for those needing re-operation for bleeding. Conclusions A protocol driven implementation of specific measures (such as the ‘ITSRED Fred’ protocol) may reduce the rate of re-operation for bleeding after thyroid and parathyroid surgery.

In everyday conversation, bilingual individuals switch between languages not only in reaction to monolinguals with different language profiles but also voluntarily and naturally. However, whether and how various switching contexts dynamically modulate the domain-general control were still illusive. Using a cross-task paradigm which flanker task was interleaved with language switching task trial-by-trial, the present study manipulated forced, voluntary and natural switching contexts. A group of unbalanced Chinese-English bilinguals performed a flanker task in the three switching contexts. The results showed that the cross-domain interaction on the P3 effect revealed an atypical flanker effect in forced switching contexts only, and P3 amplitude of incongruent trials in forced switching contexts was smaller than both natural and voluntary switching contexts. Furthermore, the robust brain-brain and brain-behavior relationships between language control and domain-general control were significantly emerged in the forced switching context only. Altogether, our findings support the dynamic adaptation of language control to cognitive control and highlight the importance of switching contexts.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have diverse effects on physical development and mental health. Previous research has focused on a dose-dependent relationship between the number of ACEs and outcomes. However, different ACEs can have varying impacts, and the subjective impact of stressors predicts outcomes. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the quantity of ACE exposure, type of ACE exposure, and subjective level of stress felt, correlated with event-related potential activity across the scalp, while controlling for relevant confounding variables. Fifty-three participants aged 18–32 years completed questionnaires assessing their current mental health, self-regulation, childhood socioeconomic status, and history of traumatic events. Electroencephalographic activity was recorded while participants completed the Combined Attention Systems Task, a modified flanker task. Significant relationships existed between the total number of ACEs, ACE type, the subjective impact of trauma, and amplitudes during the error-related negativity (ERN) at various scalp locations. Specifically, total number of ACEs, abuse, and ‘other’ types of ACEs were associated with larger error-correct differences during the ERN timing. The subjective impact of total number of ACEs was not associated with error-correct differences, however, the subjective impact of household dysfunction, abuse, and ‘other’ ACE types were linked to error-correct differences at various scalp locations and timings. These results suggest that both the type of ACE and subjective rating are relevant to future outcomes. The effects extended beyond the ERN—affecting error-related positivity and later event-related potentials—indicating associations with the number, type, and subjective impact of ACEs across a larger time window and scalp topography.

This paper investigates the structural behavior of transfer beams in multi-story buildings incorporating floating columns. Such buildings, common in modern architecture, often face challenges in load distribution, particularly during seismic events. Through a combination of theoretical analysis and computational modeling using ETABS, the study explores various parameters, including base shear, bending moments, shear forces, torsion, twisting on transfer beams and deflection. Utilizing advanced computational tools and design codes (ACI and UBC); a 25-storied building had been modeled to assess the effects of floating columns under different scenarios. Results indicate significant variations in structural stability, with specific configurations showing higher vulnerability. This paper emphasizes the importance of proper design and reinforcement of transfer beams to mitigate risks. The findings provide critical insights for engineers and architects aiming to enhance the safety and performance of high-rise buildings with floating columns.

The structure and properties of enterobactin (ent) and its iron III complex were investigated in these studies by imploring the density functional theory (DFT) method, second-order perturbation theory (CASSCF/CASPT2), second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation (MP2) theory, and various Turbomole functionals to investigate the energetics, excitations, shieldings, and UV-Vis spectra of this strongly binding siderophore, enterobactin. To compare and get a proper understanding, the catecholate analog triscatecholate tri-(aminoethyl)-amine (TRENCAM) was used. Noticeably, the results of the DFT/KT3/pcSeg-1 NMR obtained were in best agreement with the experiment. Both the experimental UV/Vis and computed data for enterobactin were in the UV range and complex in the visible region. This shift was primarily due to the metal effect on the ligand. DFT/CAM-B3LYP gives a better excitation result, whereas CASSPT2 gives a better energetic result than DFT for all structures. Based on the energetic and solvation energies, enterobactin proves to bind strongly to iron III compared to its counterpart, TRENCAM.

A document by Na Wang. Click on the document to view its contents.

In this work we introduce edible solenoids, which we realized by coating spaghetti with edible gold leaves, creating fully edible and functional radio-frequency electronic components. As a proof-of-principle of their use in radio-frequency circuits, a completely edible passive inductor-capacitor (LC) resonator at ~200 MHz is demonstrated. Our results significantly expand the applications of edible electronics to radio-frequency regime, supporting future developments in edible sensing and edible robotic systems, emerging fields with a high grade of sustainability.