New composites have been synthesized containing nanographite (nGr) particles as platforms for the deposition of UiO-66 crystals. The samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, N2 adsorption and scanning electron microscopy. The addition of nGr markedly increased the porosity determined by N2 adsorption (0.5 nm ultramicropores were formed, and the volume in pores > 1.1 nm increased). This was the result of defects formation either on UiO-66 or at the nGr/UiO-66 interface. To assess the adsorptive properties and the accessibility of the pores, adsorption of H2, CO2, C2H4 and C2H6 was measured. The results have shown that not only the extent of the porosity but also the interactions with the graphite phase and the accessibility to the pores affect the amount adsorbed and the strength of adsorption. Generally, the formation of composites had a positive effect on the adsorption properties owing to an increased surface heterogeneity and porosity.

Background My internship at The Hyve is focused on addressing the performance issues encountered with data analysis of big observational health data (OHD) and analytical type (OLAP) workloads (e.g. “give me all the patients that smoke and have high blood pressure readings”) composed of healthcare relevant aggregation queries. Current implementations use traditional relational database management systems (RDBMS) to store OHD. An example use case is tranSMART \cite{athey2013transmart} which uses PostgreSQL \cite{database} as the main DBMS. The data is normalized in these systems; instead of having repeated data in a flat database, separate database tables are created to store this data and a key links it back to the main table. In terms of physical storage, all attributes of a record are stored contiguously on the disk. Under RDBMS there is both OLTP (Online Transaction Processing) and OLAP (Online Analytical Processing). In general, OLTP workloads are characterized by vast numbers of simple transactional SQL processes (INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE). The main focus lies on quick processing of queries and managing data integrity. RDBMSs effectively perform OLTP-style processes in high throughput due to the row store architecture. On the other hand, OLAP processes are defined by complex ad-hoc queries involving aggregations and a rather low number of transactions.

The efficiency of clays in bleaching degummed palm oil depended on their unique characteristics. The characteristics of bentonites and Na-bentonites, including activated forms of both clays, were investigated in depth to determine their bleaching capacity. The results showed that Na–bentonite treated with 1.5 M H2SO4 at a clay:acid ratio of 10:50 (w/v) and refluxing time of 8 h had higher bleaching capacity (78.04%) than commercial clay (67.09%). X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns of bentonites and Na-bentonites activations show peaks similar to montmorillonite. Meanwhile, X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) indicated a correlation between the SiO2 and Al2O3 contents of clays and their bleaching capacity. Interestingly, the high bleaching capacity of Na–bentonite was correlated with SiO2 and Al2O3 contents in the range of 72.30–85.20% and 8.96–13.30% by weight, respectively. Moreover, the specific surface area and total pore volume of this activated clay also increased. In addition, after bleaching by Na–bentonite treated with 1.5 M H2SO4, the degummed palm oil appeared to be of good quality, leading to less deterioration and rancidity. Moreover, the bleached palm oil had lower yellowish colour, moisture content, and peroxide values than the degummed palm oil.

This study investigated the presence of tick-borne pathogens in ticks removed from humans in Korea. We identified 33 ticks from three tick species, namely Amblyomma testudinarium (60.6%), Haemaphysalis longicornis (27.3%), and Ixodes nipponensis (12.1%) in order of occurrence. Tick-borne pathogens were found in 16 ticks using pathogen-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). From the results, 12 ticks (36.4%) tested positive for spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia: Rickettsia monacensis (1/12), R. tamurae (8/12), and Candidatus Rickettsia jingxinensis (3/12). Three ticks (9.1%) were positive for Anaplasma phagocytophilum. In addition, three ticks (9.1%) tested positive for Babesia gibsoni (1/3) and B. microti (2/3). In conclusion, we identified three tick species; the most common species was A. testudinarium followed by H. longicornis and I. nipponensis. SFG Rickettsia, A. phagocytophilum, and Babesia spp. were the most frequently detected pathogens in ticks removed from tick-bitten humans. R. tamurae and Ca. R. jingxinensis were firstly detected in Korea.

Background: Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) provides physiological pacing at low and stable threshold. The safety and efficacy of LBBP in elderly population is unknown. Objectives: Our study was designed to assess the safety, efficacy and electrophysiological parameters of LBBP in octogenarian (≥80 years) population Methods: All octogenarians requiring permanent pacemaker implantation for symptomatic bradycardia and heart failure were prospectively enrolled. Echocardiography, electrocardiography and pacing parameters were recorded. Results: LBBP was successful in 10 out of 11 patients. Mean age 82.1 ± 2.5 yrs. Male 7 patients. Follow up duration 4.7 months (range1-7months). Indication for pacing included atrioventricular (AV) block 5 patients, Left bundle branch block (LBBB) with low ejection fraction (EF) 4 patients, sinus node dysfunction in 1. LB lead placement fluoroscopic time was 17.9 minutes. QRS duration reduced from 145.9 ±27.7ms at baseline to 107.1 ±9.5ms after LBBP (p value0.00001) LV ejection fraction increased from 47.6 % to 55.9 % after LBBP (p value0.017). Pacing threshold was 0.58 ± 0.22V and sensed R wave 17.35 ± 6.5mV and it remained stable during follow up. LBBB with low EF patients also showed similar reduction in QRS duration along with improvement in LVEF. No major complications noted Conclusion: LBBP is a safe and effective strategy (91% acute success) of physiological pacing in elderly patients. LBBP also provided effective resynchronization therapy in our small group of elderly patients. The pacing parameters remained stable over a period of 7 months follow up.

A 40-year-old man with drug refractory palpitations was referred for catheter ablation. A transthoracic echocardiogram and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed no structural heart disease. Electrocardiogram revealed premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) with two different morphologies and coupling intervals (PVC1 630ms, PVC 2 540ms, Figure 1 A). Although both PVCs had left bundle branch with inferior axis morphology, PVC1 was narrow (QRS duration =140ms, V2 transition) compared to PVC2 (QRS duration = 190ms, V4 transition) and had a later precordial transition.The electroanatomical mapping (EAM) and ablation was performed using a three dimensional EAM system (Carto3; Biosense Webster, Diamond Bar, CA) with 7.5F irrigated-F curve catheter (Navistar Themocool; Biosense Webster, Diamond Bar, CA). Activation and pace mapping was initially performed in the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) and pulmonary cusps (Figure 1 B-C). With regards to PVC2, the earliest activation site was in the posterior septum, where local ventricular activation preceded QRS onset by 20ms. The unipolar electrogram at this site showed a QS pattern. Pace mapping at this site produced a QRS morphology with a pace-map score of 19/24 for PVC2. The pacing stimulus-QRS (S-QRS) interval of 8 ms. A radiofrequency (RF) application using a power of 30 W up to 43OC failed to suppress PVCs.What is the possible reasons why radiofrequency ablation in the RVOT failed to suppress the PVCs?Where should further mapping of these PVCs be carried out?DiscussionAt this point, the options in this case include using a higher energy in the RVOT, mapping of the coronary venous system or the aortic cusp. As there not any suppression of PVCs using a power of 30 W up to 43OC, a higher energy was not attempted. Mapping of distal CS and anterior interventricular vein junction was performed but the activation during PVC2 was not early. Hence, further mapping of the coronary venous system was not performed. We proceeded with activation and pace mapping of the aortic cusp. (Figure 2 A-D)Activation mapping in the right and left coronary cusp (RCC/LCC) junction revealed that local ventricular activation preceded QRS onset by 30 and 28 ms for PVC1 and PVC2, respectively. The unipolar electrograms at this site for both PVCs showed a QS pattern. Pacing with an output of 6mA (fixed pulse width of 2ms) at the RCC/LCC junction produced QRS morphologies only similar to PVC1 with a pace map score of 20/24. Pacing with an output of 9mA at the same location produced QRS morphologies similar to both PVC 1 and PVC2 with pace map scores of 20/24 and 19/24, respectively. Interestingly, pacing with an output of 15mA at the same site produced QRS morphologies similar to only PVC 2 with a pace map score of 21/24 and a S-QRS interval of 38ms. Subsequent pacing at the same output showed a decremental conduction (38,50,56 ms). Ablation at this site in the RCC/LCC junction using a power of 30 W up to 43OC suppressed both PVCs within 5 seconds of starting energy. The lesion was further consolidated for total of 60 seconds. The ectopy did not recur during a waiting time of 30 minutes including an isoporterenol challenge. At 18 months of follow up, the patient remains asymptomatic without any recurrence of PVCs. PVC originating from single site had 2 exits with 2 different morphology .In this case, a PVC originating from the aortic cusp had preferential conduction to two exits in the outflow tract and exhibited two different morphologies of PVCs. Outflow tract anatomy and electrophysiological properties of the surrounding myocardium may explain this observation. Parts of the right and left coronary aortic leaflets are related to the ventricular septum and left ventricular free wall, respectively.1 In these areas, ventricular myocardium extends beyond the semilunar valves, enclosing muscle at the cusps of the aortic sinuses. These extensions can vary in course (oblique or longitudinal), location (endocardial or epicardial), or continuity with underlying ventricular musculature. In addition, myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, and interposed adipose tissue have been described within these myocardial extensions.2 The complex anatomy of these extensions may contribute to variable exits across the circumference of the aortic cusps.Studies have suggested that specialized myocardial fibers can contribute to preferential conduction from the aortic sinus cusp to the RVOT.3-5 As hypothesized by Yamada et al, preferential conduction via myocardial fibers in this case is supported by the significantly longer stim-QRS interval pacing from the aortic cusp compared to the RVOT.6 In addition, this case demonstrated two novel properties of these myocardial fibers. First, pacing at a higher output from within the aortic cusp yielded a closer match to the QRS morphology of PVC2 than pacing from within the RVOT. Pacing at lower outputs from the same location diminished the preferential conduction of PVC 2 from the aortic cusp to the RVOT. These findings suggest that an insulated myocardial fiber travelling from the origin in the aortic cusp to the breakout site in the RVOT might exist. (Figure 3) Such a myocardial fiber may only be selectively captured with a higher pacing output. Second, pacing at a higher output in the aortic cusp revealed decremental conduction with longer S-QRS intervals. This may support the presence of slow conduction within these myocardial fibers. Preferential conduction of arrhythmias originating from the aortic cusp may be explained by a combination of structural and functional properties unique to myocardial fibers in this location.References:1. Ouyang F, Fotuhi P, Ho SY, et al. Repetitive monomorphic ventricular tachycardia originating from the aortic sinus cusp: electrocardiographic characterization for guiding catheter ablation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;39(3):500-508.2. Hasdemir C, Aktas S, Govsa F, et al. Demonstration of ventricular myocardial extensions into the pulmonary artery and aorta beyond the ventriculo-arterial junction. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol.2007;30(4):534-539.3. Kanzaki Y, Morishima I, Awaji Y, Kato R. Preferential conduction travelling from the left coronary cusp to the right ventricular outflow tract via the right coronary cusp of the aorta. Indian Pacing Electrophysiol J. 2015;15(3):165-167.4. Yazaki K, Enta K, Watarai M, et al. Successful elimination of premature ventricular contractions by ablation of origin and preferential pathway. Clin Case Rep. 2018;6(1):52-55.5. Yamada T, Platonov M, McElderry HT, Kay GN. Left ventricular outflow tract tachycardia with preferential conduction and multiple exits.Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2008;1(2):140-142.6. Yamada T, Murakami Y, Yoshida N, et al. Preferential conduction across the ventricular outflow septum in ventricular arrhythmias originating from the aortic sinus cusp. J Am Coll Cardiol.2007;50(9):884-891.Figure LegendsFigure 1: 12 Lead ECG with Activation and Pace Mapping of PVC 2 in the RVOTA : Twelve lead electrocardiogram recorded during the procedure showing sinus rhythm (SR) and premature ventricular contractions (PVC ) 1 and 2. B: Intracardiac electrograms recorded during activation mapping of PVC2 at the RVOT posterior septum. The black arrow indicates the local ventricular potential preceding the QRS onset by 20 ms. The unipolar electrogram showed a QS pattern. C: Pace mapping at the RVOT posterior septum revealed a pace map score of 18/24 for PVC 2. The pacing stimulus to QRS interval was 8ms (arrowhead). MAPD, MAPP (the distal and proximal electrode pairs of the mapping catheter); UNI (the distal unipolar electrode of the mapping catheter).Figure 2: Activation and Pace Mapping of PVC 1 and PVC 2 in the Aortic CuspA: Intracardiac electrograms recorded during activation mapping of PVC 1 and PVC 2 at the junction of the left coronary and right coronary cusp (LCC/RCC junction). The black arrow indicates the local ventricular potential preceding the QRS onset by 30 and 28 ms for PVC 1 and PVC 2, respectively. B: Pacing at a 6mA output at the LCC/RCC junction revealed a 20/24 pace-map for PVC 1. C: Pacing at 9mA at the same site revealed QRS complexes with morphology similar to PVC 1 (5thQRS complex, pace map 20/24) and PVC 2 (4th QRS complex, pace map 19/24). The first three paced complexes represent fusion complexes. The pacing stimulus to QRS (S-QRS, black arrowhead) for PVC2 was 28ms. D: Pacing at 15mA at the same site revealed QRS morphology similar to only PVC 2. Pace-map score was 21/24 with a S-QRS interval of 38, 50 and 56 ms, suggestive of decremental conduction. Refer to Figure 1 for other abbreviations.Figure 3Diagram showing the origin and presumed preferential conduction paths of PVC 1 and PVC 2. With regards to PVC2, we hypothesized that preferential conduction occurred via an insulated myocardial fiber from the origin in the aortic cusp and the exit in the RVOT septum.

The analysis of environmental DNA (eDNA) allows efficient surveys of freshwater species and is being increasingly used. However, most studies generally have a limited sampling plan. Because different methods are used by different authors, all the data produced with eDNA cannot be easily pooled together for a global overview. Nevertheless, one of the promising perspectives is the standardization of the methods and protocols, for long-term monitoring, early detection of invasive species, and rare species detection. We here present the biggest dataset using eDNA metabarcoding with standardized methods for freshwater bivalves. Sampling was performed mainly in France, with over 350 localities spread over all major basins. Metabarcoding was performed using two new sets of primers, one for the Unionida and one for the Venerida. The species distributions inferred from eDNA sampling are then compared with those currently known. Results give an insight into the valuable data that eDNA analysis can provide if used at a large scale. Some species were found outside of their known range, especially invasive species but also species of conservation interest. Others were found in a surprisingly low number of localities, although currently considered widespread and of no conservation interest. This can be explained by the databases currently used to establish conservation status, which are often biased by including ancient data, shell-only data, and potentially misidentified species. The present study shows that our eDNA metabarcoding approach will be an essential tool to unveil the true species distributions, to better evaluate their status and improve conservation policymaking.

Here, the development of a method for visualizing the electrostatic complementarity of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) using fully quantum mechanical electron density (EDN) and electrostatic potential (ESP) is described. For this method, the partial EDN (pEDN) and partial ESP (pESP) of each protein were newly defined based on equations used for the fragment molecular orbital method. To demonstrate the efficacy of the method, calculations were performed for the complex of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1). The results showed that the interface between PD-1 and PD-L1 was appropriately determined by the pEDN, and that the electrostatic complementarity of the PPI was clearly represented by visualizing the pESP. Further analysis of the pESP revealed that additional electrostatic complementarity induced by charge transfer or polarization due to complex formation was non-negligible and, therefore, considered important for binding between the proteins. These findings suggest the efficacy of this method for chemical and biological studies.

Objectives:Literature data have shown that decreasing the SARS-CoV-2-induced hyperinflammatory state is essential for fighting the virus in an emergency and avoiding death. Many authors have divided the SARS-CoV-2 infection into three phases, of which the second and third are purely inflammatory. For this reason, while the development of antiviral drugs and vaccines is increasing, the best pharmacological goal is the decrease in proinflammatory molecules. Design: In phase 3, the most serious, there is an overdrive state of the immune system with consequent assault against all tissues and lung damage. Sars cov 2 pneumonia is characterized by “cytokine storm” and can lead to death. Acting in advance and with combination therapy aimed at blocking the inflammatory cascade can be effective. Results: Many drugs are being tested in evaluating these effects such as IL-6 or IL-1 inhibitors, chloroquine / hydroxycloroquine and colchicine which is proving its effectiveness especially in association in the last two stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection. modulating the inflammatory state and allowing to use an effective combined terepia with drugs at non-lethal dosages. Colchicine is considered safe and effective for the treatment and prevention of the cytokine storm in patients suffering from SARS-CoV-2 infection and is certainly an added remedy to other therapeutic agents with a safety profile superior to that provided by others. drugs. Conclusion:The aim of this study is to explain the pharmacological rationale behind the use of a combination therapy as an effective and safe remedy to decrease pneumonia and the consequent death from Sars CoV 2.

Background: To show how to safely perform nasopharyngeal and / or oropharyngeal swabs for 2019-Novel Coronavirus. Methods: The video describes in detail the dressing and undressing procedures of health personnel, with the appropriate personal protective equipment. Technical notes for the execution of the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab are also provided, to avoid sampling errors. Results: The undressing phase is the procedure with the highest risk of self-contamination for the health worker. Following the various steps as shown in the video, there were no cases of contagion among the otolaryngology team appointed to perform the swabs for SARS-CoV-2 testing. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the technical feasibility of safely performing nasopharyngeal and/or oropharyngeal swabs for identification of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA.

Using a high frequency push-pull fatigue testing machine with fretting pad pressed onto specimen to simulate fretting condition, the relationship between microstructures, mechanical and fretting fatigue properties of three different titanium alloys were studied systematically. Their microstructure, mechanical properties, plain fatigue and fretting fatigue behaviors were discussed contrastively through the analysis of the fracture morphology, fatigue source region and microhardness near the fracture zone. The results show that, material properties of Ti1023 and Ti55531 are better than that of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy, but Ti6Al4V titanium alloy shows the best fretting fatigue performance. For three titanium alloys, with the increase of the contact stress, the fretting fatigue strength first decreases and then tends to be stable and the depth of fretting fatigue source first increases and then tends to be stable. The contact pressure plays a dual role in the fretting process. Contact pressure promotes crack initiation and inhibits crack growth. The cyclic loading is the main inducement for the initiation of plain fatigue microcracks. The accumulation of plastic deformation is the main cause of microcracks initiation in fretting fatigue.

Management of multiple cornual pregnancy - Case report and review of literature .

Objectives To study the CT diagnosis of COVID-19 that was based on the imaging features of pulmonary lobular structure. Materials and methods After institutional review board approval and informed consent, 139 cases with suspected COVID-19 who undergone CT were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the anatomical structure of pulmonary lobule, the imaging features of pulmonary lobular structure on CT images was defined and built simulation diagrams serve as a unified standard. The imaging performance of confirmed 103 cases was evaluated for diagnosis of COVID-19. Results Of these139 cases, 103 cases were confirmed for COVID-19, 36 cases were confirmed for other diseases. Of the 103 COVID-19 cases, 82(79.61%) cases were typical cases and 21(20.39%）cases were atypical cases. 65(63.11% ) cases were in the early or advanced stage, 26(25.24%) cases were in the severe or recovery stage, and 12(11.65%)were in multiple stages. The scores of pulmonary lobular structure in typical COVID-19 (3.42±1.25) were significant different compared with atypical COVID-19 (1.51±1.34, P<0.001). The inter-observer agreement for the score of pulmonary lobular structure was excellent (kappa = 0.863, P<0.05). Conclusion To recognize the CT common imaging signs of pulmonary lobular structure in COVID-19 can deepen the understanding of COVID-19 from the basis of image anatomy, and screen suspected cases and provide imaging basis for diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

Ventriculomegaly (VM) is the medical term used to describe enlargement of the lateral ventricles to a level of 10 mm or more, which is the most frequent sign of possible CNS abnormality detected on prenatal ultrasound. In this paper, we aim to evaluate the feasibility of CNN-based DL algorithms predicting the fetal lateral ventricular width from prenatal ultrasound images. The data was collected from 626 pregnant women with gestational age between 22 to 26 weeks. 3456 brain images were picked out from all 49222 stored freeze-frame images. 2304 transventricular (TV) or transthalamic (TT) plane images were further picked out and the brain regions were detected and extracted. 1431 TV-TT planes had known lateral ventricular width. The mean absolute error (MAE) of the predicted lateral ventricular width was 1.01 mm. More than 65% test images had a MAE of less than 1 mm. If we used only the 610 cases with lateral ventricular width less than 15 mm to train and test the model, the MAE was 0.54 mm and more than 82% test images had a MAE of less than 1 mm. We also implemented heat maps to provide evidence that our regression model predicting the lateral ventricular width was based on the anatomical structure of lateral ventricular. The results shown that the regression model can locate the lateral ventricular region of images with large lateral ventricular width successfully and then predict its width based on this region.

Colloids exist widely in rivers which can act as contaminants or carries of contaminants. Hyporheic exchange drives colloids to transport into the hyporheic zone. However, the variation of the particle size of colloids has seldom been considered in previous transport theories of colloids. This study aims to investigate the variation of the particle size of colloids and functions for different sized particles via laboratory experiments and simulations. The results show that the settlement and convection-diffusion of colloids play a dominant role in the exchange of colloidal particles between the stream and the streambed. Large particles can settle into the streambed more rapidly as settlement domains the process, which however can hardly be detected in the overlying water during the later period of the experiment; the exchange process of small-sized particles is affected more by convection and diffusion, and a retarded trace release can be monitored from the streambed to the stream; while for middle-sized particles, mass transfer coefficient and settling velocity affect exchange process together. Because the variation of particle size (affecting specific surface area, surface electrochemical characteristics) can have a substantial effect on the contaminants carriers (colloids) in the hyporheic zone, the knowledge of it should be taken into account in future studies.

Stress cardiomyopathy (SC) is a syndrome characterized by transient regional systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle (LV), in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. Diagnosis of SC represents a challenge as it is essentially a diagnosis of exclusion. We report the case of a 21-year-old man who sustained mid-ventricular (MV) SC after a seizure. Our case represents a combination of a predisposing acute neuronal injury in a man that led to the development of an MV SC variant, where cardiac MRI played an essential role in the diagnosis.

A new pathogenic virus, COVID-19, appeared in 2019, in Wuhan, China, typically causing fever, cough, diarrhea and fatigue and significant mortality. COVID-19 has also shown about 80% genetic similarity to the Severe Acute Respiratory Symptom (SARS) virus, which is already known to be derived from a bat virus. Arterial thrombosis and venous thrombosis, variously attributed to long term patient immobilizations, inflammation, autoimmune reactions or endothelial cell damage to the blood vessels, have also been reported for COVID-19 infections. However, there is another explanation for thrombosis (blood clots) in many patients infected with COVID-19.

The COVID-19 outbreak emerged in December 2019 and has rapidly become a global pandemic. A great deal of effort has been made to find effective drugs against this disease. Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have demonstrated great promise in treating COVID-19. CQ/HCQ have been used to prevent and treat malaria and are efficacious anti-inflammatory agents in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. These drugs have potential broad-spectrum antiviral properties, and have been widely adopted for COVID-19 treatment and clinical trials. In this review, we re-evaluated the treatment outcomes and current hypothesis for the working mechanism of CQ/HCQ as COVID-19 therapy with a special focus on disruption of Ca2+ pathways. The potential toxicity is also cautioned for its action on Ca2+ and hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels in cardiac myocytes and neuronal cells. We propose that intracellular calcium homeostasis is an alternative mechanism for CQ/HCQ pharmacology, which should be considered when evaluating the risks and benefits of therapy in these patients.

The deamination and decarboxylation of the Amino Acid – Asparagine results in Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) – Lactate and Polyamine – Putrescine, which are culpable for the release of malicious odors into the atmosphere. In the present research, the bio-molecules (Asparagine, Lactate and Putrescine) are taken as primary molecules and are admitted to interact with the two-dimensional nanomaterial – Kagome form of Phosphorene nanotube (Kagome-PNT) by wielding the density functional theory mode. The conformational stability of the Kagome-PNT is affirmed with the help of formation energy and crystal orbital Hamiltonian population (COHP) analysis. Besides, the electronic features of the pure Kagome-PNT and bio-molecules interacted Kagome-PNT (complex) are estimated in addition to the COHP analysis on the complexes at the spot of bio-molecule interaction (hollow and triangle-spot). Further, the interaction features namely the binding energy, average energy gap alteration and Bader charge transfer are gauged so that our recommendation of wielding Kagome-PNT as a fundamental component in chemi-resistive based detector to sense the existence of bio-molecules (asparagine, lactate and putrescine) can be confirmed.

We reported a cluster of 6 suspected medical staff cases infected with 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during January - March 2020. It described an epidemiological and clinical pattern with atypical presentation. To reduce the transmission levels of the virus in medical staff, we recommend appropriate precautions including viral nucleic acid detection and hospital infection control.

In December 2019, many people in Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei, China developed an infection and respiratory symptoms from an unknown virus. Within a month, scientists named the novel corona-virus as 2019-nCoV, and the WHO subsequently named the disease produced by SARS-CoV-2 as COVID-19. Shortly, the COVID-19 rapidly spread through almost worldwide. The WHO declared a global health emergency on January 30, 2020 and pandemic status on March 11, 2020, respectively. Since SARS-CoV-2 RNA was first detected in a stool specimen and the autopsy report for a man with COVID-19 which showed segmental dilatation and stenosis in the small intestine, much attention has been paid to the gastrointestinal tract infection of SARS-CoV-2. Especially in the context of inflammatory bowel disease( IBD), several questions arise. The biggest concern is if patients with IBD have an increased or a decreased risk to suffer from COVID-19? Although research has not figured out the susceptibility of IBD patients to virus infection, immunosuppressive drugs were considered potential risk factors. Besides the recommendations provided to the general population, patients with IBD need more professional advice.

Although it seems that the COVID-19 is not as fatal as ‎SARS and MERS, its ‎highly contagious nature ‎have made it a more serious health ‎concern. This new pandemic has affected all aspects of human life, ‎and due to the ‎vast diversity in the nations around the world, it is not possible to adopt a single ‎integrated policy ‎aginst the disease. It is deemed that the ‎outbreak of the COVID-19 potentially can ‎affect the geopolitical dynamics of the world. ‎Thus, considering the unique context of the Middle East, ‎and its impact on many other countries,‎‏ ‏here‎‎‏‎ we tried to compare ‎‏the case fatality rate (CFR), the ‎disease rate (DR), and the ‎crude death rate (CDR) for all the countries located in this region with the ‎top-ten most ‎affected until April 25, 2020. Special attention was also paid to discuss the data obtained ‎in ‎our study with the existing literature. We aimed to explain the effect of significant cultural and ‎‎ideological differences, the enormous differences among the health systems of the countries, and the ‎‎efficacy of the governmental mitigation policies on the variability of the epidemiological factors ‎among ‎the 25 countries included in our list. Speed of action in disease control and high level of ‎testing in ‎Germany, a sizable population of homeless people in the U.S., the concurrence‎y of ‎Influenza A, ‎Influenza B, and the COVID-19 in France, a relatively low hospital capacity in the ‎U.K., the numerous ‎mass demonstrations in Spain, the effect of tough sanctions ‎against Iran, the high number of tourists ‎traveling to Turkey, the coincidence of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and ‎COVID-19 in ‎Saudi Arabia, the complicated military dominance in Egypt, as well as the ‎effect of religious mass ‎gathering in the Muslim countries were some factors which helped us to explain our results.‎

We evaluated the richness, diversity and composition of medium and large mammalian community in the Loka Abaya National Park (LANP), southern Ethiopia, and how these parametrs differ among four habitat types: wooded grassland, riverine forest, hilly scrubland and wetland) and between seasons.We recorded total of 2,573 individual animals of 28 medium and large mammal species in the park. This included three globally threatened species: the endangered African wild-dog (Lycaon pictus) and the ‘vulnerable’ Leopard (Penthra pardus) and Hippopotamus (Hippopothamus amphibus). Season had little effect on species richness, diversity and composition both across and within habitat types. However, species richness across season was significantly different among the four habitat types, in declining order of: wooded grassland > riverine forest > hilly scrubland > wetland. The strongest similarity in species composition, both across and within seasons, was found between wooded grassland and riverine forest. In terms of relative abundance, mammalia assemblage of the wooded grassland and wetland habitats had more evenly distributed number of species with different relative abundance categories. Overall, Papio anubis, Chlorocebus aethiops and Tragelephus strepsiceros were the three most abundant species across habitat types. In conclusion, findings of our study reveal that LANP plays an important role in Ethiopia’s mammal conservation. Our findings will serve as a base-line information for managers of the park to make effective conservation decisions and as a baseline for researchers wishing to conduct related ecological studies.

Aims To evaluate the feasibility, time consumption, intra- and inter-observer re-test reproducibility of echocardiographic indexes and classification algorithms of diastolic function. Methods A total of 356 patients were examined prior to coronary artery by-pass grafting and/or aortic valve replacement surgery. A subgroup of 50 were examined with 3 successive echocardiograms in conditions reflecting daily clinical practice. Diastolic parameters suggested by former (2009) and current (2016) guidelines were obtained and analysed. Acquisition and analysis time, plus intra- and inter-observer variability were assessed. Results Most of the parameters’ feasibility were between 93 and 99%, except the TR Vmax (65%). Mean acquisition and analysis time were highest for the left atrial volume (141±24 seconds), in contrast to other parameters which were obtained in approximately one minute. 368 and 360 seconds was in average needed to classify according to the 2009 and 2016 algorithms, respectively (NS). The overall reproducibility was moderate (CV between 10-35%), with TR Vmax having lowest (CV 9.9-12%) and E/e’ the highest (CV 22-35%) variation. The 2009 algorithm resulted in higher indeterminate cases vs. the 2016 algorithm. Comparing the old and recent guidelines, 20 and 8 patients were reclassified during inter-examiner analysis, respectively. Conclusion The diastolic parameters are, in general, feasible and time efficient. Reproducibility is moderate. The 2016 guidelines algorithm seemed superior to the 2009 algorithm in terms of its feasibility and precision to classify patients in a uniform matter. Time consumption was equal. The 2016 algorithm proved more restrictive than 2009 in classifying patients with advanced stages of DD.