COVID-19 vaccines and the role of other potential allergenic components different from PEG. A reply to: “Other excipients than PEG might cause serious hypersensitivity reactions in COVID-19 vaccines”

The process of energizing loads from other sources like a distributed generator with a total disconnection of utility grid at the point of common coupling is called islanding. The islanding phenomenon affects the network by safety issues and bad impact on the utility and connected loads, especially the workers on the utility. Hence, it must be detected by a suitable anti-islanding (AI) technique which is needed to be faster in terms of time detection and smaller or negligible non-detection zone. To detect this phenomenon, there are local and remote AI techniques. In this paper, local AI techniques are illustrated, which are used for improving the performance regarding the size of the non-detection zone and detection speed.

Duplications of 3p and deletions of 9p occurring separately are well described; however, there are few reports of individuals with unbalanced translocations resulting in both of these chromosomal abnormalities. We report two siblings with the same unbalanced male karyotype and sex reversal.

Severe hypertension sometimes improves with treatment of bradycardia but this phenomenon is under-reported. Here an elderly gentleman with complete heart block and a hypertensive emergency was refractory to medical therapies and blood pressure only improved following pacemaker implantation. We discuss the possible mechanisms relating to heart rate and artificial pacing.

In semi-arid and arid regions, groundwater is the primary source for domestic, agricultural, and industrial supply. Scattered and erratic rainfall in these regions makes groundwater recharge more complex. Small-scale rainwater harvesting using both traditional and modern rainwater harvesting structures has been seen as a solution to the deepening groundwater crisis in India. In this study, shallow infiltration ponds locally known as Chaukas were studied to understand their groundwater recharge role and pastureland development. Potential groundwater recharge from these shallow infiltration ponds was estimated using the HYDRUS-1D model, simulating the sub-surface processes in the root zone. Field data collected in the year 2019 is used to calibrate the model for field conditions, while monsoon period data (July-August) of 2020 is used to validate the developed model. The developed model was then used to predict the potential groundwater recharge for the monsoon periods of the year 2019 and 2020.The shallow infiltration ponds allow approximately 5% additional rainfall to be available as potential recharge. The near soil surface moisture also helps develop natural grass cover used for pasture in the early dry periods. Analysis of the vegetation in the past 10 years suggests that these shallow infiltration ponds have converted barren lands into eco-hydrologically productive pasturelands. These Chauka systems have helped in sustainable water resources management in these water stressed regions along with the additional livelihood support through developed pasturelands for animal husbandry. They have potential wide application across India and beyond, as they simply require slightly sloping, barren land above an unconfined aquifer.

Changbai Mountain is the source region of Songhua River, Tumen River and Yalu River. It is a famous concentrated distribution area of high quality mineral water in China, which has great economic value. Antu County is one of the main distribution areas of basalt and mineral water in Changbai Mountain. The distribution of mineral springs has a strong hydraulic relationship with surface water, which constitutes abundant recharge reserves. It is necessary to study the hydrochemical characteristics and relationship between surface water and mineral water, so as to provide a theoretical basis for further discussion on the formation process and rational utilization of mineral water resources in Changbai Mountain. 57 water samples from 2016 to 2020 were collected, including precipitation, mineral water and surface water. Geostatistics, Piper and Gibbs diagram are used to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics. Hydrochemical component tracing and stable environment isotope technology with end-number calculation are used to reveal the transformation relationship between mineral water and surface water. Results demonstrate: Surface water and mineral water are weak alkaline and low salinity. The hydrochemical type of mineral water is mainly HCO3-Na·Mg·Ca and of surface water is mainly HCO3-Na. The isotopes of precipitation are more enriched in summer due to the influence of water vapor source and temperature effect. The temporal and spatial differences between D and 18O of mineral water is obvious, and isotopes are enriched abundant in autumn. The recharge source and interaction between mineral water and surface water have changes in different periods. In summer, mineral springs in Erdaobai River and Sandaobai River watershed replenished surface water, and the recharge proportion is more than 60%. The interaction between Toudao Baihe river and mineral water is weak. In autumn, precipitation is the main recharge for mineral water and surface water.

Machine learning algorithm, as an important method for numerical modeling, has been widely used for chlorophyll-a concentration inversion modeling. This work aims to build an effective inversion model of chlorophyll-a concentration in Lake Donghu based on machine learning algorithm. Toward this aim, a variety of models were built by applying five kinds of dataset and adopting back propagation neural network (BPNN), extreme learning machine (ELM), support vector machine (SVM). The model accuracy analysis results revealed that multi-factor dataset for modeling has the possibility to improve the accuracy of the single-factor model, and seven band combinations are better than seven single bands when modeling, Besides, SVM is more suitable than BPNN and ELM for chlorophyll-a concentration inversion modeling of Donghu Lake. SVM3 is the best inversion one among all multi-factor models that the MRE, MAE, RMSE of SF-SVM are 30.82%, 9.44 μg/L and 12.66 μg/L, respectively. SF-SVM performs a better inversion effect than SF-BPNN and SF-ELM, the MRE, MAE, RMSE of SF-SVM are 28.63%, 13.69μg/L and 16.49μg/L, respectively. In addition, the simulation effect of SVM3 is better than that of SF-SVM. On the whole, an effective model for retrieving chlorophyll-a concentration has been built based on machine learning algorithm, and our work provides a reliable basis and promotion for exploring accurate and applicable chlorophyll-a inversion model.

River flood season segmentation is a significant measure for flood prevention. The objective of this study is to carry out theoretical analysis on flood season segmentation methods and put forward a framework for reasonable flood season segmentation. The proposed framework consists of a Fisher optimal partition method for determining the optimum numbers of the sub-seasons, an ensemble approach for segmenting a defined flood season, and a Non-parametric bootstrap combined with fuzzy optimum selection method (NB-FOS) for testing the rationality of the flood season staging schemes. The present research findings show that different methods could result in different staging schemes. It is proved through rational analysis that the staging scheme obtained by Probability change-point (PCP) is superior to others. The flood season of the downstream reach of Yellow River can be segmented into 3 sub-seasons, i.e. early flood season(Jun.01-July 20), main flood season (July 21- Sept.28), and late flood season (Sept.29- Nov.08). The segmentation results of the flood season should play active role in flood prevention.

Lymphoepithelial cyst (LEC)is a rare disease. Clear diagnostic criteria have not been established, and the number of cases is expected to increase in the future. In particular, LEC in the pancreatic accessory spleen has not been reported in the past, and this report documents it for the first time.

A key step in understanding the genetic basis of different evolutionary outcomes (e.g., adaptation) is to determine the roles played by different mutation types. To do this we must simultaneously consider different mutation types in an evolutionary framework. Here we propose a research framework that directly utilizes the most important characteristics of mutations, their population genetic effects, to determine their relative evolutionary significance. We review known population genetic effects of different mutation types and show how these may be connected to different evolutionary outcomes. We provide examples of how to implement this framework and pinpoint areas where more data, theory and synthesis are needed. Linking experimental and theoretical approaches to examine different mutation types simultaneously is a critical step towards understanding their evolutionary significance.

Central Iran supports a diversity of carnivores, most of which are threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation. Carnivore conservation requires the identification and preservation of core habitats and ensuring connectivity between them. In the present study, we applied species distribution modeling to predict habitat suitability and used connectivity modeling to predict linkage (resistant kernel and factorial least-cost path analyses) for grey wolf and golden jackal in central Iran. For grey wolf, elevation, topographic roughness and distance from agriculture lands were the strongest predictors; however, for golden jackal, distance from agriculture lands, human settlements and topographic roughness were the most influential variables in predicting the occurrence of this species. Our results also indicated a high potential for large parts of the landscape to support the occurrence of these two canid species. The largest and the most crucial core habitats and corridor paths for the conservation of both species are located in the southern part of the study landscape. We found a small overlap between golden jackal corridor paths and core habitats with protected areas, which has important implications for conservation and future viability of the golden jackal populations. Some sections of core areas are bisected by roads, where most vehicle collisions with grey wolf and golden jackal occurred. We propose that effective conservation of both species would require integrated landscape-level management to reduce mortality risk, as well as protection of core areas and corridors and development of mitigation strategies to reduce vehicle collisions.

Treatment-required accidental ingestion and risk factors among nursery children with wheat allergy

Lupus mastitis is an uncommon entity which can easily mimic other breast conditions. The rarity of this disease demands a high degree of suspicion.

This report describes the design of Mach-Zehnder Interferometer, including its design background, components used, and physical parameters.

Background: This study investigated the impact of weight change in waitlisted candidates on posttransplant outcomes following orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT). Methods: The United Network for Organ Sharing database was queried to identify adult patients undergoing isolated, primary OHT from 1/1/2010 to 3/20/2020. Patients were stratified into 3 cohorts based on percent weight change from listing to OHT. The primary outcome was one-year survival, and multivariable modeling was used for risk-adjustment. A secondary analysis compared outcomes of recipients waitlisted ≥90 days. Results: A total of 22,360 patients were included, 18,826 (84.2%) with stable weight, 1,672 (7.5%) with ≥5% weight loss, and 1,862 (8.3%) with ≥5% weight gain. Median age was similar across cohorts. Waitlist time was longest in patients with weight gain and shortest in those with stable weight (417 vs 74 days, P<0.001). The weight loss cohort had higher rates of dialysis dependency, pacemaker, and drug-treated acute rejection at one year (all P<0.05). Ninety-day and one-year posttransplant survival was lowest in the weight loss cohort. Multivariable modeling identified both ≥5% weight loss (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.07-1.48) and decreasing weight (per 1%, HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.03) as risk-adjusted predictors of one-year mortality. In sub-analysis of recipients waitlisted ≥90 days, ≥5% weight loss and decreasing weight remained significant independent predictors for mortality. Conclusion: Waitlisted OHT candidates with ≥5% weight loss comprised a small, but higher-risk population with increased rates of postoperative complications and decreased survival. Efforts focused on nutritional optimization and preventing weight loss while awaiting OHT appear warranted.

Social media comprises of platforms that surpassed their initial goal to connect people just for the sake of socializing and currently provide powerful tools for businesses to reach millions of views worldwide, increasing their chances of gaining new customers. This short paper utilizes the Buzz in Social Media data set available at UCI Machine Learning Repository for identifying the attributes in social media content that have the highest correlation to the amount of repercussion it gained. To achieve such result, several linear regression models are constructed, then ranked based on their respective model fit measure (R-squared) and accuracy when tested against unseen data.

The theory of inverse scattering is developed to investigate the initial-value problem for the fifth-order nonlinear Schrödinger (foNLS) equation under the zero boundary conditions at infinity. The spectral analysis is performed in the direct scattering process, including the establishment of the analytical, asymptotic and symmetric properties of the scattering matrix and the Jost functions. In the inverse scattering process, a suitable Riemann-Hilbert (RH) problem is successfully established by using the modified eigenfunctions and scattering data, and the relationship between the potential function and the solution of the RH problem is successfully established. In order to further analyze the propagation behavior of the solutions of the foNLS equation, we present some new phenomena of studying the one-, two-, and three- soliton solutions corresponding to simple zeros in scattered data. Finally, we also analyze the one- and two-soliton solutions corresponding to double zeros.

This editorial is an invited response to “Adherence to the 2014 American Academy of Pediatrics Palivizumab Prophylaxis Recommendations”

Abstract: Conventional stylet-driven leads with extendable helix can be implanted successfully for Left Bundle Branch Area Pacing (LBBAP) with a low acute complication rate. However, removal and repositioning techniques of these leads haven’t been yet described. We report 2 cases in which lead repositioning after a first unsuccessful attempt to LBBAP was associated with fracture of the helix rotating mechanism and failure to fully extract the pacing lead.

Objective: Gynecologic oncologists should be aware of the option of conception through IVF/PGT-M for families with high BRCA related morbidity or mortality. Our objective was to investigate the cost-effectiveness of preimplantation genetic testing for selection and transfer of BRCA negative embryo in BRCA mutation carriers compared to natural conception. Design: Markovian process decision analysis model comparing two strategies, conception through IVF/PGT-M and BRCA negative embryo transfer and natural conception with a 50% chance of BRCA positive newborn. Setting: Not applicable Population: Theoretical couple, with either one parent carrying a BRCA germ line mutation. Intervention: None Methods: Costs of two strategies were compared using quality adjusted life years (QALYs’). All costs were discounted at 3%. Main outcome measure: Incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) compared to willingness to pay threshold was used for cost-effectiveness analysis. Results: IVF/ PGT-M is cost-effective with an ICER of 150,219 new Israeli Shekels, per QALY gained (equivalent to 44,480 USD), at a 3% discount rate. Conclusion: IVF/ PGT-M and BRCA negative embryo transfer compared to natural conception among BRCA positive parents is cost effective and should be considered for selected couples with high BRCA mutation related morbidity. Funding: No funding of any kind was received for this article

We reported 24 years old Nepalese male who presented with epigastric pain and jaundiced found to have pancreatic and liver abscess suspected by abdominal CT scan and MRI, that confirmed later on by EUS-FNA with pus smear and PCR came for acid-fast bacilli. The patient responded remarkably to ATT.

As the novel Coronavirus pandemic continues to affect people worldwide, immune-mediated inflammatory syndromes have been reporting related to this virus. We presented a case of novel Coronavirus pneumonia, who developed a purpuric rash, abdominal pain, and hematuria, diagnosed with Henoch--Schoenlein purpura.

Telomere length is increasingly used as a biomarker of long-term life history costs, ageing and future survival prospects. Yet, to have the potential to predict long-term outcomes, telomere length should exhibit a relatively high within-individual repeatability over time, which has been largely overlooked in past studies. To fill this gap, we conducted a meta-analysis on 74 studies reporting longitudinal telomere length assessment in non-mammalian vertebrates, with the aim to establish the current pattern of within-individual repeatability in telomere length and to identify the methodological (e.g. qPCR/TRF, study length) and biological factors (e.g. taxon, wild/captive, age class, species lifespan, phylogeny) that may affect it. While the median within-individual repeatability of telomere length was moderate to high (R = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.05-0.95; N = 82), marked heterogeneity between studies was evident. Measurement method affected strongly repeatability estimate, with TRF-based studies exhibiting high repeatability (R = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.34-0.96; N = 25), while repeatability of qPCR-based studies was only half of that and more variable (R = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.04-0.82; N = 57). While phylogeny explained some variance in repeatability, phylogenetic signal was not significant (λ = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.00-0.83). None of the biological factors investigated here had a statistically significant association with the repeatability of telomere length, being potentially obscured by methodological noise. Our meta-analysis highlights the need to carefully evaluate and consider within-individual repeatability in telomere studies to ensure the robustness of using telomere length as a biomarker of long-term survival and fitness prospects.

In this paper, we study the space-time variable-order fractional diffusion equation with a variable diffusion coefficient. The fractional derivatives of variable-orders are considered in the Caputo sense. We propose a numerically efficient pseudospectral method with Chebyshev polynomial as an orthogonal basis function. Also, we examine the error analysis of the given numerical approach. A variation on the maximum absolute error with the different variable orders in space and time are studied. Some illustrative examples are presented with different boundary conditions, e.g., Dirichlet, mixed, and non-local. The applicability of the method is also tested with the problem that has fractional power in solution. The results obtained from the proposed method prove the efficacy and reliability of the method.