A Mosaics provide productive ecosystems that include foraging opportunities, breeding grounds, and protection for birds, particularly within mosaics of grassland, wetland, and savanna habitats. This study explored the status of species diversity, richness, and seasonal population rate of avian species within the mosaics of the Padampur grassland of Chitwan National Park (CNP), Nepal. Point count surveys were performed in 10 randomly selected plots by walking transects or riding on elephant back during the rainy season. A total of 118 bird species and 4905 individual birds belonging to 43 families was recorded. Surveys and regression analysis revealed species preferred diverse ecotone habitats interspersed with mosaics of tallgrass prairie, shrubby grassland, savanna and marshy grassland. Regression models also revealed occupancy rates were relatively consistent across seasons, however, months within the rainy and the summer season were lower than autumn and winter. Rarefaction curves showed sampling efforts of approximately 10 months to produce accurate estimates of species richness. Although the diversity indices resulted in insignificant differences between the plots, the CNP appears to provide preferred grassland habitat to bird species all year round. This study suggests conservation efforts to consider these survey methods and estimates when implementing initiatives. This paper recommends concerned authorities to prioritize and give continuity to bird conservation, including grassland management alongside the wetlands within the CNP.

Introduction:Community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) in children has tended to decrease in recent years with effective vaccination and treatments.However,the frequency of complicated community-acquired pneumonia (CCAP) is gradually increasing.By determining risk factors for the development of CCAP,new approaches for early diagnosis and effective treatment can be determined. Method: Records of 113 patients who were hospitalized due to CAP and CCAP between January 2017 and December 2017 were examined.Demographic characteristics of the patients,comorbid diseases,admission symptoms,physical examination findings,laboratory and imaging results, treatments, hospital stay and treatment response were recorded. Pleural effusion,if empyema developed in patients with CCAP,thoracentesis and/or chest tube insertion,fibrinolytic therapy,and the need for additional surgical intervention were investigated. Results:Our patients had a mean age of 3.6 ± 2.2, 60(53%) were female and 53(47%) were male.93 (82.3%) of the patients were diagnosed with CAP and 18(15.9%) were diagnosed with CCAP.Detection of pleural effusion at the admission of patients in multivariate logistic regression[(OR (95% CI),4.24 (1.77-10.16), p <0.001)] respiratory distress(tachypnea and retraction)[(OR (95% CI) 3.04 (1.30-7.130) ),p <0.001)] and hypoxia (92% and less saO2 measured by pulse oximeter) at admission [(OR (95% CI),: 5.247 (1.58-9.46),p <0.001)] were identified as independent risk factors for diagnosis of CCAP. Discussion:Hypoxia,respiratory distress and imaging pleural effusion are important distinguishing findings for development of complications in patients admitted for CAP. Determining the etiology of CCAPs and early diagnosis and treatment approaches can be established, and protection measures can be taken. With future prospective studies, the causes of CCAP can be determined and preventive measures and new treatment approaches can be developed

Abstract Introduction: Considering the significant prevalence of silent myocardial ischemia and its related morbidity and mortality in asymptomatic type two diabetic patients, it is not well known whether early screening with MPI is cost-effective. However, predicting factors are not elucidated. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 63 asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with normal ECG and ejection fraction. Patients with any history of documented valvular, congestive or ischemic heart disease, renal or hepatic failure were excluded. At first all patients were interviewed and checked for risk factors and then patients underwent a two-day rest/stress 99mTc-MIBI gated MPI SPECT. Data was assessed by QPS/QGS and 4DM software and evaluated by a nuclear medicine specialist with summed stress score (SSS) of more than 4 defined as CAD. Results: There were 42 females (67%) and 21 males (33%), with a mean age of 61.33 ± 6.98 years and 7.97 ± 4.86 years history of T2DM. CAD was detected in 26 (41.3%) patients and was significantly associated with male gender, smoking, requiring insulin therapy and EF (P-value = 0.019, 0.046, 0.05, 0.033, respectively). A significant association was found between the duration of diabetes, especially when >15y, and the probability of having CAD.. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that smoking; male gender and diabetes duration were the strongest independent predictors of abnormal MPI results. Conclusion: We found a high (46%) prevalence of abnormal stress MPI SPECT in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, despite being asymptomatic. Asymptomatic patients with a history of smoking, long duration of diabetes, being under insulin treatment and male gender might benefit from MPI for early detection of silent ischemia. Keyword: 99mTc-MIBI; Gated Myocardial Perfusion Imaging; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Silent Ischemia; Asymptomatic CAD; Early Screening

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the left atrial (LA) function in severe rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) patients using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) and its correlation with clinical symptoms and echocardiography parameters. Methods: A total of 120 subjects (80 patients with isolated severe MS [mitral valve area (MVA) ≤1.5 cm2] in sinus rhythm and 40 healthy controls) underwent comprehensive echocardiography including STE for assessment of LA strain [reservoir strain (LASr), conduit strain (LAScd) and contractile strain (LASct)]. Results: The mean MVA in cases was 0.93 ± 0.21 cm2. The mean values of LASr (14.73 ± 8.59%), LAScd (-7.61 ± 4.47%) and LASct (-7.16 ± 5.15%) among cases were significantly less (p< 0.001) when compared to controls where the values were 44.11 ± 10.44%, -32.45 ± 7.63%, -11.85 ± 6.77% respectively. Thus the compensatory LA contractile function was also compromised. The New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III, II and I dyspnea was present in 37 (46.25%), 38 (47.5%) and 5 (6.25%) subjects respectively. All the three LA strain parameters showed a trend towards decline with increase in severity of MS, increase in LA size, increase in mean and peak diastolic transmitral gradients and with higher NYHA functional class. Conclusion: Left atrial dysfunction is common in severe rheumatic MS as suggested by severely reduced LA reservoir, conduit and contractile strain. Early and timely intervention in these patients irrespective of NYHA functional class is advocated as it may likely improve the LA function and avoid clinical deterioration.

In the attempt to bridge the widening gap from DNA sequence to biological function, we developed a novel methodology to assemble Long-Adapter Single-Strand Oligonucleotide (LASSO) probe libraries that enabled the massively multiplexed capture of kilobase-sized DNA fragments for downstream long read DNA sequencing or expression. This method uses short DNA oligonucleotides (pre-LASSO probes) and a plasmid vector that supplies the backbone for the mature LASSO probe through Cre-Loxp intramolecular recombination. This strategy generates high quality LASSO probes libraries (~46% of probes). We performed NGS analysis of the post-capture PCR amplification of DNA circles obtained from the LASSO capture of 3087 E.coli ORFs spanning from 400- to 4,000 bp. The median enrichment of all targeted ORFs versus untargeted ORFs was 30 times. For ORFs up to 1kb in size, targeted ORFs were enriched up to a median of 260-fold. Here, we show that LASSO probes obtained in this manner, are able to capture full-length open reading frames from total human cDNA. Furthermore, we show that the LASSO capture specificity and sensitivity is sufficient for target capture from total human genomic DNA template. This technology can be used for the preparation of long-read sequencing libraries and for massively multiplexed cloning of human sequences.

The majority of seborrheic keratoses can be reliably differentiated clinically from a melanocytic nevus. In case of difficult findings, for example at unusual localization, dermatoscopy is the key method for diagnosis. In the near future, developments in artificial intelligence (A.I.) might help to classify the findings. Initial results from studies are promising in this regard.

We present a 3D-printed continuous flow platform for controllable synthesis of isobutylaluminoxanes (IBAO), an effective olefin polymerization co-catalyst, via highly exothermic hydrolytic reaction of triisobutylaluminum (TIBA). This platform encompasses modules of mixing and reaction, in-line separation, and in situ UV-vis characterization. In addition, two NMR protocols are established to validate the results of in-line UV-vis analysis (31P NMR) and reveal product structures (1H NMR). Measured temperature profiles over the reactor indicate essentially fast heat removal, ensuring inherent safety. Subsequently, co-catalytic activity of IBAO is obtained by ethylene oligomerization experiments using an iron-based catalyst system at atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, we investigate the influence of key operating parameters including initial molar ratio between water and TIBA, initial TIBA concentration, and residence time. High IBAO yield over 98% and superior co-catalytic activity of ~5000 kg·(mol Fe)–1·h–1 are achieved with optimized parameters in this single-pass platform, demonstrating the advantages of process.

Hybridization is an important part of species evolution. The hybrid progeny population had rich genetic and phenotypic variation, which made the boundaries between them and their parents blurred and difficult to distinguish. There was little research on the origin of natural hybrids of Triticeae. In this study, we found a large number of putative hybrids of Roegneria in West Sichuan Plateau, China. The hybrid plants showed strong heterosis in plant height, tiller number and floret number. Morphologically, the putative hybrids showed intermediate of Roegneria stricta Keng and Roegneria turczaninovii (Drob.) Nevski. Hybrids had 28 chromosomes corresponding to that of R. stricta and R. turczaninovii (2n=4x=28). Meiotic pairing in hybrids were less regular than those of R. stricta and R. turczaninovii. GISH analysis showed that the hybrid plants had the same genome as that of R. stricta and R. turczaninovii (StY). Phylogenetic analysis based on the single copy nuclear gene DMC1 and chloroplast gene rps16 showed the plants were closely related to R. stricta and R. turczaninovii. This study indicated that the plants were hybrids of R. stricta and R. turczaninovii. The results provided data for the utilization of hybrid. This study provided a case study of natural hybrids.

Analysis of multicomponent reactive systems requires reliable and accurate equilibrium calculation. There are many stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric methods to solve the flash-type calculations of a mixture in chemical and phase equilibrium. In contrast, there is a lack of robust and efficient methods for another important type of equilibrium calculation, the saturation point calculation or the calculation under the phase fraction specification (β-specification), for a reactive mixture. In this work, we developed RAND-based algorithms for calculating the saturation points and phase envelope of a reactive mixture. The RAND formulation is a non-stoichiometric approach recently extended to non-ideal mixtures for different flash specifications. We showed here how to modify the RAND-based flash formulation to solve the β-specification problems. We distinguished between two types of phase fractions, the one based on components and the one based on elements. They led to different constraint equations in the formulation. Furthermore, we introduced element-based partition coefficients, similar to the equilibrium ratios or K-factors used for non-reactive mixtures. Use of these new variables is essential to cross the critical point of a reactive mixture in the phase envelope construction. Since the formulation developed for reactive mixtures is general, it can also be reduced and used for the simpler non-reactive mixtures. We showed how the reduction could be made and how the reduced algorithm served as an alternative approach to the prevailing phase envelope algorithm of Michelsen. We illustrated the robustness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm using four examples: Pxy diagrams for CO2-NaCl brine, a solid-liquid T xy diagram for MgCl2-water, a PT phase envelope for a reactive mixture with the alkene hydration reaction, and a PT phase envelope for a non-reactive hydrocarbon mixture.

Promiscuous activities have been related to the capacity to catalyze reactions different from those a protein has evolved to sustain. From this evolutionary perspective, we rethought the serum albumins promiscuous behavior. We found that the cross aldol condensation of acetone and p-formylbenzonitrile is a promiscuous reaction conserved in humans and other mammals. Structural and evolutionary analysis indicates that the involved residues could have evolved for a still unknown biological function. Our results could contribute to better characterize the serum albumin family and raise questions about the evolution of protein promiscuity and function.

Output from a runoff generation models is compared here with information from field measurements, making use of 11 years data from rainfall and runoff events at the Sierra de Enguera Soil Erosion Experimental Station in Eastern Spain.. The model presented simulates overland storm flow on a sloping rough and unvegetated surface, representing an area of 320x320 m. Green-Ampt infiltration constants are randomly assigned to each cell in a 128x128 grid, and rectangular storms applied at a range of total amounts and intensities to simulate runoff at each transect across the area. A simple algebraic expression is developed to estimate total runoff and storage in terms of storm size and duration, and plot length, with parameters that reflect infiltration behaviour, and this expression is compared with the SCS curve number approach. Output of these simulations is compared with measured storm runoff data on bare runoff plots at the Sierra de Enguera experimental Station in SE Spain and gives further support to the proposed expression for storm runoff.

Natural standard grade γ-tocopherol are of great interest due to its good antioxidant activity and special pharmacological functions. This study separated and purified γ-tocopherol from mixed tocopherols using eco-friendly and low toxicity solvents. 0.28 g γ-tocopherol was obtained per performance with a purity of 98.89 ± 0.68% and a recovery yield of 93.23 ± 0.89%. The purification conditions were as follows: elution solvent n-hexane/ethyl acetate 94.5:5.5 (v/v), sample load size 0.5 g, a column height to diameter ratio of 16:1 and an elution rate of 2 mL/min. The purity and structure of γ-tocopherol was confirmed by HPLC, GC/MS and NMR. The adsorption isotherm of γ-tocopherol on silica gel (200-300 mesh) fitted the Langmuir isotherm model well. The antioxidant activity analysis showed that γ-tocopherol had the strongest antioxidant activity followed by δ-tocopherol and α-tocopherol. This study provides an economically attractive solution for the production of natural standard grade γ-tocopherol.

Since the Brazilian Cerrado has been heavily impacted by agricultural activities over the last four to five decades, reference evapotranspiration (ETo) plays a pivotal role in water resources management for irrigation agriculture. The Penman-Monteith (PM) is one of the most accepted models for ETo estimation, but it requires many inputs that are not commonly available. Therefore, assessing the FAO guidelines to compute ETo when meteorological data are missing could lead to a better understanding of how climatic variables are related to water requirements and atmospheric demands for a grass-mixed savanna region and which variable impacts the estimates the most. In this study, ETo was computed from April 2010 to August 2019. We tested twelve different scenarios considering radiation, relative humidity, and/or wind speed as missing climatic data using guidelines given by FAO. When wind speed and/or relative humidity data were the only missing data, the PM method showed the lowest errors in the ETo estimates and correlation coefficient (r) and Willmott’s index of agreement (d) values close to 1.0. When radiation data were missing, computed ETo was overestimated compared to the benchmark. FAO procedures to estimate the net radiation presented good results during the wet season; however, during the dry season, their results were overestimated, especially because the method could not estimate negative Rn. Therefore, we can infer that radiation data have the highest impact on ETo for our study area and also regions with similar conditions and FAO guidelines are not suitable when radiation data are missing.

Aims: To develop a pharmaceutical consultation mode of multidisciplinary individualized medication recommendations, to improve the quantity and quality of clinical pharmacists’ consultations Methods: A retrospective study of 542 clinical pharmacists-led consultations was conducted. In the pre-intervention group, medication advice was given based on the purpose of the consultation. In the post-intervention group, a consultation mode of multidisciplinary individualized medication recommendation was implemented, in which clinical pharmacists with specialties of anticoagulation, gastroenterology and nutrition were asked to give individualized medication recommendations and a set of evaluation criteria for rational drug use was formulated. Outcomes, including the patterns and number of consultations, individualized medication recommendations, acceptance rate and effectiveness rate, were compared between the two periods. Results: A total of 651 cases were reviewed, and 542 cases of which meeting the predesigned inclusion and exclusion criteria were included, with 94 and 448 patients in the pre-intervention and post-intervention groups, respectively. The total number of consultations increased year by year, so did the number of general consultations, multidisciplinary difficult consultations, departments applying for general consultations, departments applying for multidisciplinary difficult consultations, anti-infection consultations and non-anti-infection consultations in details. The effectiveness rate of consultations in the post-intervention group was 81.7% vs 70.2% in the pre-intervention group (P < 0.05). No difference was shown between two groups in acceptance rate (96.9% vs 95.7%, p=0.578).

Hoarding disorder (HD) is characterized by an accumulation of possessions due to excessive acquisition of, or difficulty discarding possessions. Evidence demonstrates an increased cardiovascular response in patients with HD. Cognitive-behavioral therapy modifications are described for HD patients with heart failure to compensate for fatigability, syncope and falls risk.

COVID-19 is a worldwide crisis with a great impact in health structures. Delay in the management of routine medical conditions has been reported during this pandemic. We describe the case of a spontaneous dissection coronary arteries which has been initially misclassified as a case of COVID-19 infection

Complete blood count profiles in children with eczema herpeticumTo the Editor,Eczema herpeticum (EH) is a significant infectious complication of atopic dermatitis (AD) and may lead to serious problems including keratitis, viremia and meningitis (1). The clinical diagnosis of EH may be challenging as the morphology of EH may be mistaken for AD exacerbation and bacterial infection (2). Difficulty in diagnosis may impact treatment decisions while confirmatory testing for herpes simplex virus (HSV) is pending.Previous studies have investigated the association between EH and common laboratory values but have largely been inconclusive. One study in young adults found EH associated with lymphopenia and elevated IgE (3). Another study in children found no relationship between EH and serum total IgE, eosinophil count, or vitamin D level (4).A complete blood count (CBC) is a common test often obtained when there is concern for more severe infection. In this study, we investigated whether CBC profiles can be utilized to distinguish hospitalized children with EH from AD patients with bacterial infections or AD exacerbation.Electronic medical records were reviewed for patients 18 years and younger hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of AD between 2003 to 2018 using International Classification of Diseases -9 and -10 codes (5). The study has been approved by the Institution Review Board at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles. Patients were sorted into the EH group if there was a positive HSV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) swab from skin lesions. Subjects who had bacterial infections or AD exacerbation were classified based on clinical history, physical examination findings and discharge diagnosis as previously described (5). Briefly, patients with a discharge diagnosis of cellulitis, skin abscess, bacteremia, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis or endocarditis were classified into bacterial infections whereas those with generalized, severe eczema exacerbation with documented outpatient treatment failure were classified into AD exacerbation. A CBC obtained within 48 hours of admission was utilized. Multivariate linear regression model was used to assess the effect of EH on the CBC profile adjusting for patient age and gender.  Statistical significance was set at 5% level with two-sided test throughout the analysis.  All statistical computations were done by Stata/SE 16.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX).130 subjects with an admission CBC were included in the study. Twenty-two (17%) had EH based on positive HSV PCR. Forty-nine (38%) had AD exacerbation while fifty-nine (45%) had bacterial infectious complications such as cellulitis, skin abscess, bacteremia, osteomyelitis or septic arthritis.EH patients had significantly lower mean admission white blood cell count (WBC, 9.7 ± 6.4 vs. 15.7 ± 9.1 vs 15.9 ± 6.8;p= <0.0001), absolute neutrophil count (ANC, 4.9 ± 5.0 vs. 5.7 ± 4.7 vs. 9.0 ± 5.6; p =0.01), and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC, 3.5 ± 1.8 vs. 6.4 ± 4.6 vs. 4.9 ± 3.4; p =0.003), as compared to AD exacerbation and bacterial infection, respectively (Table 1). When compared to published reference ranges (6), 13.6% of those with EH, 2% of those with AD exacerbation, and 0% of those with bacterial infection had absolute leukopenia for age (WBC under lower limit of normal) (Table 2A). 4.5% of those with EH, 6.1% of those with AD exacerbation, and 0% of those with bacterial infection had absolute neutropenia for age (Table 2B). 22.7% of patients with EH demonstrated absolute lymphopenia for age (Table 2C). In comparison, 10.2% of those with AD exacerbation and 13.6% of those with bacterial infection had absolute lymphopenia for age.EH is a skin infection caused by HSV that can lead to serious complications including ocular and systemic infections. Therefore, accurate diagnosis is important in determining appropriate treatments. The initiation of acyclovir for EH is based on clinical impression, as test results such as PCR and culture are not immediately available. Our current findings may have clinical implications for treatment when CBC profiles are taken together with physical examination as EH may be difficult to distinguish from some bacterial skin infections. For example, streptococcal pustulosis may present with punched scalloped borders that mimic EH (2).Large studies of EH in children are rare. Our results corroborate Wollenberg et al ’s finding that lymphopenia is more pronounced in patients with EH (3). Lymphopenia in the setting of a normal white blood cell count in EH patients may be a finding related to HSV infection, as another article studying the effect of HSV infection (not specifically EH) on CBC parameters also found lower lymphocyte counts in those with HSV (7).In conclusion, our results show that leukopenia or lymphopenia in light of clinical suspicion of EH may help clinicians in their treatment decision. Our study has limitation in that it is based on hospitalized patients and may not apply to an outpatient setting.Keywords: acyclovir, eczema herpeticum, CBC, lymphopenia, leukopenia, neutropeniaGrace Chan, MDa, Choo Phei Wee, MSb, Peck Y. Ong, MDc,daDivision of General Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los AngelesbBiostatistics core, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, and Southern California and Clinical Translation Science Institute, University of Southern California.cDivision of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles.dKeck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CaliforniaThis study was funded in part by a Merit Award from The Saban Research Institute at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles to PYO. CPW is supported in part by NIH/NCRR SC-CTSI Grant UL1 TR000130 (Biostatistics core, CHLA/USC).The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.Address correspondence to: Peck Y. Ong, MD, Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, 4650, Sunset Blvd, MS# 75, Los Angeles, CA 90027. Tel: 323-361-2501. Email: pyong@chla.usc.edu

Abstract: Background： Naïve T and T memory cell subsets can provide important information for the diagnosis and treatment of immunological and hematological disorders. Lymphocyte compartment undergo dramatic changes during adulthood; age-related reference values derived from healthy individuals are crucial. However, extensively detailed immunophenotyping reference values of peripheral blood lymphocytes in whole spectrum of adulthood performed by flow cytometry-based single-platform method are rare. Methods: 309 healthy adult volunteers were recruited from Tianjin in China. The absolute counts and percentages of CD3+CD4+ T cells, CD3+CD8+ T cells, naïve T cells (Tn), T memory stem cells (Tscm), central memory T cells (Tcm), effector memory T cells (Tem), terminal effector T cells (Tte) were determined by flow cytometry with single platform technologies. Results: Reference range of absolute counts and percentage of lymphocyte subsets were formulated by different age and gender. We also find out the changing regularity of them: the cells which have stem cell properties, Tn and Tscm cells, decrease with aging; memory cell subsets, Tcm and Tem increase with aging, which increase from 18 to 64 years old and present no significant change over the 65 years old. Gender have influence on the fluctuation of lymphocyte subsets, absolute count of CD3+CD8+, CD8+ Tcm, CD8+ Tem in male are higher than that in female. Conclusion: The reference values of percentages and absolute numbers of naïve T and T memory cell subsets can help doctors to understand the immune state of patients and to evaluate conditions of prognosis then adjust treatment for patients.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and systemic autoimmune disease with the decreasing proportion of regulatory T (Treg) cells. Previous studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs, miR) act as key regulators of Treg cells. In this study, we assessed the involvement of miR-143-3p on Treg cells differentiation and function in the RA progress. We reported that the expression of miR-143-3p has been negatively associated with RA disease activity, and actively correlated with anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, which was secreted by Treg cells. In vitro, miR-143-3p expression in the CD4+T cells contributed to the upregulation of forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3), which was the characteristic transcription factor of Treg cells. Notably, miR-143-3p mimics treatment markedly upregulated the frequency of Treg cells in vivo, effectively prevented CIA development and significantly inhibited inflammation in mice. Altogether, we proposed that MiR-143-3p can alleviate CIA by polarizing naive CD4+T cells into Treg cells, which warrants miR-143-3p as a target for the new therapeutic strategy of Treg-deficiency autoimmune diseases such as RA.

This paper proposes a security algorithm based on thewavelet-alienation-neural technique for detecting, classifying, and locating faults on Thyristor-Controlled Series compensator (TCSC) compensated lines. A fault index has been calculated using wavelet transform and alienation coefficients with post-fault current signals measured/ sampled for quarter cycle time at both near and far end buses for fault detection and classification. The location of the fault is predicted using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) after the fault has been diagnosed. Approximate coefficients (quarter cycle time) of both voltage and current signals, from both buses, were provided as input to ANN. Various case studies, such as variations in TCSC position, fault location, sampling frequency, power flow path, incipient angle of fault, TCSC control strategy, fault resistance, and load switching conditions, have verified the robustness of the proposed safety system.

In order to explore the catalytic effect of alcohols on the 1,3-proton transfer of 1,1-diphenyl-N-(1-phenylethylidene) methylamine, the reaction potential energy surface was systematically studied at the theoretical level of ωB97-MV / def2-QZVPP // PBE0(D3BJ) / 6-31G**. The results show that the catalytic mechanism of benzyl alcohol can be divided into the acid channel and basic channel, in which the acid channel is the dominant one. In the first step, benzyl alcohol protonated the nitrogen atom of imine to form imine cation and benzyl alcohol anion, and the newly formed benzyl alcohol anion preferentially combined with the proton on C1; in the second step, benzyl alcohol continued to protonize the C3 atom, and the newly formed benzyl alcohol anion combined with the hydrogen on nitrogen, thus completing the whole proton migration process. By means of wave function analysis, it is proved that the stronger the hydrogen bond (O–H···N) is, the lower the free energy barrier is. When alcohols with lower pKa values are used as catalysts, the reaction barrier will be lower.

The present case reports facial soft tissue injury involving the lateral aesthetic unit of the cheek on a 10-year-old boy from the disposed mobile battery blast on a roadside campfire. This case highlights one of the challenges encountered from injury to parotid duct and its conservative management.

Narcolepsy is a model disease for many sleep-wake disorders, a dyssomnia. Diagnostically important is the so-called "narcoleptic tetrad": Daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations. Common differential diagnoses are epilepsy, psychoses, pharmacological influences and sleep disorders. The correct diagnosis is often made too late. Often, negative psychosocial consequences of narcolepsy have already occurred for the patients in the meantime, which can be prevented by an early diagnosis. Therefore, the objective of this White Paper is to raise more awareness in the medical community.

In the past few decades, machine learning has revolutionized data processing for large scale applications. Simultaneously , increasing privacy threats in trending applications led to the redesign of classical data training models. In particular, classical machine learning involves centralized data training, where the data is gathered, and the entire training process executes at the central server. Despite significant convergence, this training involves several privacy threats on participants' data when shared with the central cloud server. To this end, federated learning has achieved significant importance over distributed data training. In particular, the federated learning allows participants to collaboratively train the local models on local data without revealing their sensitive information to the central cloud server. In this paper, we perform a convergence comparison between classical machine learning and federated learning on two publicly available datasets, namely, logistic-regression-MNIST dataset and image-classification-CIFAR-10 dataset. The simulation results demonstrate that federated learning achieves higher convergence within limited communication rounds while maintaining participants' anonymity. We hope that this research will show the benefits and help federated learning to be implemented widely.