We prove the continuous non-Archimedean (resp. p-adic) Banach space and Hilbert space versions of non-Archimedean (resp. p-adic) Welch bounds proved by M. Krishna. We formulate continuous non-Archimedean and p-adic functional Zauner conjectures.

Objective: To search for the DEGs between stage MS NB and stage M NB and speculate the possible mechanism of spontaneous regression of stage MS NB. Methods: The NB datasets GSE49710 and GSE45547 in the GEO database were selected to screen the DEGs between children with NB stage MS vs. stage M, < 18 months. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis of DEGs was performed using DAVID. The intersecting genes among DEGs and RCD-related genes were selected, and their survival roles and functions were assessed. Results: BIRC5, SLCO4A1, POPDC3, and HK2 were found to be downregulated in stage MS NB and related to apoptosis. BIRC5 and HK2 also participate in autophagy. The TF gene is upregulated in stage MS NB and related to ferroptosis. The above five genes are closely related to the survival of children with NB. Conclusion: BIRC5, SLCO4A1, POPDC3, HK2 and TF are expected to become new important indicators to predict the prognosis of NB and can be used as the basis for further explored the benign prognosis and spontaneous regression mechanism of stage MS NB.

Backgroud: A variety of open-system Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) assays for several acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 are currently in use. The impact of omicron on the laboratories’ testing capacity is unknown. This study aimed to ensure the quality of omicron testing and to assess the comparability of cycle threshold (Ct) values derived from RT-PCR. Methods: Five external quality assessment (EQA) rounds using the omicron virus-like-particles were organized between February 2022 and June 2022 in Beijing, China. Results: A total of 1401 qualitative EQA reports have been collected. The overall positive percentage agreement was 99.72%, the negative percentage agreement was 99.75%, and the percent agreement was 99.73%. This study observed a significant variance in Ct values derived from different test systems. While interlaboratory using the same test system yielded comparable Ct values. Conclusion: There was strong concordance among laboratories performing qualitative omicron testing. However, caution is needed when comparing Ct values derived from the different test systems.

This study focuses on a nonlinear deterministic mathematical model for the impact of temperature and rainfall variability on coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei). In the model analysis, CBB free and coexistence equilibria are computed. The basic reproduction numbers at a minimum and maximum temperature and rainfall are derived. The qualitative analysis of the model revealed the scenario for equilibria together with basic reproduction numbers. The local stability of equilibria is established through the Jacobian matrix and the Routh Hurwitz-criteria, while the global stability of equilibria is demonstrated using an appropriate Lyapunov function. The normalized sensitivity analysis has also been performed to observe the impact of different parameters on basic reproduction numbers. The proposed model is extended into an optimal control problem by incorporating two control variables, namely, the preventive measure variable based on the separation of susceptible coffee berries from contacting the pests based on biological control and an increase in the death rate of colonising females of CBB based on chemical control. Optimal disease control analysis is examined using Pontryagin’s minimum principle. Finally, the numerical simulations are performed based on analytical results and are discussed quantitatively. Furthermore, the cost-effectiveness of control strategies to determine the best approach to minimize the CBB burden was studied. The finding of this study shows that the use of chemical pesticides is very effective to combat pests with minimum costs.

a) | k ( w ) | ≥ 0 is a piecewise continuous and bounded function in R = ( - ∞ , ∞ ) . The coefficients b ( w ) and q ( w ) are continuous functions in R and can be unbounded at infinity. The operator L admits closure in the space L 2 ( Ω ) and the closure is also denoted by L. Taking into consideration certain constraints on the coefficients b ( w ) q ( w ) , apart from the above-mentioned conditions, the existence of a bounded inverse operator is proved in this paper; a condition guaranteeing compactness of the resolvent kernel is found; and we also obtained two-sided estimates for singular numbers ( s-numbers). Here we note that the estimate of singular numbers ( s-numbers) shows the rate of approximation of the resolvent of the operator L by linear finite-dimensional operators. It is given an example of how the obtained estimates for the s-numbers enable to identify the estimates for the eigenvalues of the operator L. We note that the above results are apparently obtained for the first time for a mixed-type operator in the case of an unbounded domain with rapidly oscillating and greatly growing coefficients at infinity.

In this paper, we propose a unified non-conforming least-squares spectral element ap- proach for solving Stokes equations with various non-standard boundary conditions. Ex- isting least-squares formulations mostly deal with Dirichlet boundary conditions and are formulated using ADN theory based regularity estimates. However, changing boundary conditions lead to a search for parameters satisfying supplementing and complimenting con- ditions [4] which is not easy always. Here we have avoided ADN theory based regularity estimates and proposed a unified approach for dealing with various boundary conditions. Stability estimates and error estimates have been discussed. Numerical results displaying exponential accuracy have been presented for both two and three dimensional cases with various boundary conditions.

Big data has already taken the shipping industry by storm. Commercial shippers and other end users are increasingly in demand for cutting-edge solutions like marine data analysis. Big data is utilized in the shipping sector to perform predictive analysis and regulate sensors on ships to reduce delays and increase productivity. Big data analytics-enhanced decision making is actively being applied to prevent and foresee additional expenditures, and it can be used throughout the duration of a ship's life. Despite the fact that we now have access to large amounts of quantifiable data on navigation, machinery and equipment performance, meteorology, and other factors, we are only beginning to explore the application of predictive analysis using big data in the maritime industry. This study aims at bringing together and comparing various predictive models using machine learning algorithms that can be used for different maritime applications.

In this letter, an extended virtual array based on sum-difference co-array (SDC) of parallel sparse array (PSA) is derived, which have more Degrees-of-freedoms (DOFs) than the conventional virtual array only based on difference co-array (DC), for two-dimensional (2-D) direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of non-circular (NC) signal. Specifically, be placing two subarrays symmetrically with the coordinate axis, the com-plex joint three-dimensional (3-D) problem of 2-D DOA and one-dimensional (1-D) NC phase is simplified to two 1-D problems, which greatly reduces the computational complexity and improves the accuracy of results. At end, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithm are validated by numerical simulations.

Background: Lymph node ratio (LNR), log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS), and the number of postoperative lymph node staging (pN) are prognostic indicators of various cancers. However, comparison of the prognostic values of these indicators remains unclear in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC). This study aims to compare the prognostic values of LNR, LODDS and pN in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ HPSCC. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on 166 patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ HPSCC. LNR and LODDS were divided into two groups using X-tile version 3.6.1. Univariate and multivariate analyses of the risk of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were performed using the log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test and the Cox proportional hazards model, respectively. We compared the prognostic value of LNR with that of LODDS and pN using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: According to the X-tile, the cut-off values are 0.11 for LNR and -0.91 for LODDS. LNR, LODDS, and pN were significantly correlated with DFS by univariate analysis (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that LNR was an independent prognostic factor for DFS (P < 0.01). Multivariate analysis also revealed that postoperative tumour staging (pT) classification, LNR, and surgical margins were independent prognostic factors for OS. Compared with pN and LODDS, LNR showed a stronger predictive power for DFS. Conclusion: LNR may be a better predictor for DFS than pN and LODDS in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ HPSCC patients. LNR in the highest tertile (≥ 0.11) may cause poor OS and DFS. LODDS in the highest tertile (≥-0.91) may cause poor DFS.

In this letter, we address the challenge in forecasting non-stationary financial time series by proposing a meta-learning based forecasting model equipped with a CNN predictor and a LSTM meta-learner. The model is applied to a set of short subseries which are the result of dividing a long non-stationary financial time series. As a result, a promising performance can be achieved by the proposed model in terms of making more accurate prediction than the traditional CNN predictor and AR based forecasting models in non-stationary conditions.

To reduce the loss caused by power imbalance between switched-mode power amplifier (SMPA) units of all-digital transmitters (ADTx), this paper proposes an all-digital transmitter structure with power equalization and harmonic elimination. Based on the third and fifth harmonic cancellation, this structure achieves output power equalization of SMPA by controlling the width of 3-level sub-pulses to be the same. Moreover, the equalization of each switch transistor is realized by outphasing method. Finally, the feasibility of the method is verified by simulation results. For different input signals with a carrier frequency of 200 MHz, the proposed structure achieves the same output power of each SMPA unit.

Background：There are many methods to treat subungual wart, but the treatment results are not satisfactory. Case presentation：A patient with a 10-year history of subungual warts was cured after using paiteling, and no warts recurred after six months of follow-up. Conclusion：Paiteling is effective and safe to treat subungual warts.

A 57-year-old male known case of diabetes mellitus presented with gradually bilateral decreased vision accompanied by ocular pain two weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Ophthalmic examination and imaging were indicative of bilateral anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and secondary angle-closure glaucoma associated with increased choroidal thickness and hypercoagulable state following COVID-19 infection.

Small pelagics are suitable candidates to identify regime shifts in fish stocks. They respond rapidly to ocean climate changes, specifically with a fast growth and early maturation in warm waters. This work examines landings data of small pelagics over a 40-year period (1980-2019), and auction and laboratory data of two species (Scomber colias and Trachurus picturatus) from Madeira (NE Atlantic Ocean). Integrated data on Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly (SSTA) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is also discussed. General Additive Models (GAMs) showed that a regime shift occurred in 2002, within a 2000-2003 transition period. SSTA and NAO data explained up to 88.2% of the community shift. Temperature-driven changes are not limited to a decrease of landings but also to a low gonadosomatic index (GSI) and first maturity size, as well as an increase in natural mortality of both species. This trend was relentless despite the implemented stock management actions. An urgent need to consider ocean warming in the management of fish stocks is required.

Seed limitation can narrow down the number of coexisting plant species and limit plant community productivity. It is also likely to constrain community responses to changing environmental and biotic conditions. In a 10-year full-factorial experiment of seed addition, fertilisation, warming and herbivore exclusion, we tested how seed addition alters community richness and biomass, and how its effects depend on seed origin and environmental and biotic context. We found that seed addition increased richness in all treatments, and increased community biomass depending on nutrient addition and warming. Novel seeded species, originally absent from the communities, increased biomass the most, especially in fertilised plots and in the absence of herbivores, while adding seeds of local species did not affect biomass. Our results show that dispersal limitation can constrain the invasion of novel species and their effects on community biomass, and demonstrate that these relationships are contingent on trophic interactions and environmental conditions.

The present case report illustrates the rehabilitation of a 12-day old neonate with cleft palate. Since the palatal arch of the neonate was very small, a feeding spoon was innovatively modified to obtain the impression. The obturator was fabricated on the same day and delivered in one appointment.

Michael P. Ward*, Victoria J. BrookesSydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of SydneyNSW, Australia*Private Mailbag 4003, Narellan NSW 2567; michael.ward@sydney.edu.au

This paper proposes a unified creep rupture life prediction method based on continuous damage mechanics under multiaxial stress state. Instead of the traditional method, this method can calculate the skeletal point location for different size of notches in a uniform way. We also conducted creep tests on Ni-based superalloy round bar specimens with different notch parameters, which verified the accuracy of the method. Meanwhile, we carried out creep rupture mechanism analysis for different notch sizes by combining finite element simulation with experiment, which analyzed the stress, damage, and explained the void growth based on triaxial stress.

A 71-year-old man who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting with left internal thoracic artery (LITA) and saphenous vein graft (SVG) 7 years previously was referred to our hospital for dyspnea on exertion. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) showed severe aortic stenosis and regurgitation. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed patent LITA anastomosed to the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery and SVG to the left circumflex artery near the ascending aorta. Re-operative aortic valve replacement (AVR) was performed via upper partial re-sternotomy through an inverted T-shaped incision. The patent LITA was dissected and clamped successfully with minimal adhesion detachment. Postoperative TTE revealed a patent LITA anastomosed to LAD. No complications occurred, and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 17.

This study employs landscape genetics to investigate the environmental drivers of a deadly vector-borne disease, malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, in a more spatially comprehensive manner than any previous work. With 1,804 samples from 44 sites collected in western Kenya in 2012 and 2013, we performed resistance surface analysis to show that Lake Victoria acts as a barrier to transmission between areas north and south of the Winam Gulf. In addition, Mantel correlograms clearly showed significant correlations between genetic and geographic distance over short distances (< 70 km). In both cases, we used an identity-by-state measure of relatedness tailored to highly-related individuals in order to focus on recent gene flow that is more relevant to transmission. To supplement these results, we also performed conventional population genetics analyses, including Bayesian clustering methods and spatial ordination techniques. These revealed some differentiation on the basis of geography and elevation and a cluster of genetic similarity in the lowlands north of the Winam Gulf of Lake Victoria. Taken as a whole, these results indicate low overall genetic differentiation in the Lake Victoria region, but with some separation of populations north and south of the Winam Gulf that is explained by the presence of the lake as a geographic barrier to gene flow. We recommend similar landscape genetics analyses in future molecular epidemiology studies of vector-borne diseases to extend and contextualize the results of traditional population genetics.

A previously healthy 9-year-old girl was referred to us for the evaluation of a murmur on routine clinical examination. Routine electrocardiogram and chest X-ray were normal. The cardiac enzymes were normal. Combining ultrasound and CCTA, it was confirmed that the hemodynamics of the heart was a left-to-right shunt and that RVOT stole blood from the left ventricle through the single coronary artery (SCA).

Background and Purpose Incubation of craving is associated with temporal changes in the activity of several structures involved in drug-seeking behavior. Hypodopaminergic activity, responsible for negative emotional states, has been reported in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) during cocaine abstinence. The neuroadaptations underlying the VTA hyperdopaminergic state after chronic cocaine is not well understood. In this work, we investigated the potential involvement of a VTA inhibiting circuit (amygdala-ventral pallidum (VP) pathway) in the hypodopaminergic state during abstinence from chronic cocaine. Experimental Approach In a model of cocaine self-administration, we performed in vivo electrophysiological recordings of DA VTA neurons and basolateral amygdala (BLA) neurons from anesthetized rats during early and protracted abstinence and evaluated the involvement of the BLA-VP pathway using a pharmacological approach. Key Results We found a significant decrease of VTA DA population activity and a significant increase of BLA activity after 30 days of abstinence from chronic cocaine but not one day. The decrease in VTA DA activity was restored by pharmacological inhibition of the activity of either the BLA or the VP. Conclusion and Implications Our study sheds new lights on neuroadaptations occurring during incubation of craving leading to relapse. In particular, we described the involvement of the BLA-VP pathway in cocaine-induced decreases of DA activity in the VTA. This study adds an important building block to the characterization of specific brain network dysfunctions underlying hypodopaminergic activity during abstinence.

Revegetation projects face the major challenge of sourcing the optimal plant material. This is often done with limited information about plant performance and increasingly requires to factor resilience to climate change. Functional traits can be used as quantitative indices of plant performance and guide provenancing, but trait values expected under novel conditions are often unkown. To support climate-resilient provenancing efforts, we develop a trait prediction model that integrates the effect of genetic variation with fine-scale temperature variation. We train our model on multiple field plantings of Arabidopsis thaliana and predict two relevant fitness traits -- days-to-bolting and fecundity -- across the species' European range. Prediction accuracies were high for days-to-bolting and moderate for fecundity, with the majority of trait variation explained by temperature differences between plantings. Projection under future climate predicted a decline in fecundity, although this response was heterogeneous across the range. In response, we identified novel genotypes that could be introduced to genetically offset the fitness decay. Our study highlights the value of predictive models to aid seed provenancing and improve the success of revegetation projects.

Innovations in ancient DNA (aDNA) preparation and sequencing technologies have exponentially increased the quality and quantity of aDNA data extracted from ancient biological materials. The additional temporal component from the incoming aDNA data can provide improved power to address fundamental evolutionary questions like characterising selection processes that shape the phenotypes and genotypes of contemporary populations or species. However, utilising aDNA to study past selection processes still involves considerable hurdles such as how to eliminate the confounding effect of genetic interactions in the inference of selection. To circumvent this challenge, in this work we extend the method introduced by He et al. (2022) to infer temporally variable selection from the data on aDNA sequences with the flexibility of modelling linkage and epistasis. Our posterior computation is carried out through a robust adaptive version of the particle marginal Metropolis-Hastings algorithm with a coerced acceptance rate. Moreover, our extension inherits their desirable features like modelling sample uncertainties resulting from the damage and fragmentation of aDNA molecules and reconstructing underlying gamete frequency trajectories of the population. We assess the performance and show the utility of our procedure with an application to ancient horse samples genotyped at the loci encoding base coat colours and pinto coat patterns.