This article explores recursive algorithms for parameter identification issues of Hammerstein output-error systems. The proposed approach includes the key term separation auxiliary model recursive gradient algorithm, which utilizes the gradient search and the key term separation. To enhance computational efficiency, the system is decomposed into two or three subsystems through the hierarchical identification principle. Based on this, a key term separation auxiliary model two-stage recursive gradient algorithm and a key term separation auxiliary model three-stage recursive gradient algorithm are presented. The simulation results verify the validity of the obtained algorithms.

Automated manufacturing systems (AMSs) use a limited set of resources to process multiple parts simultaneously. Inappropriate resource allocation may lead to deadlocks in AMSs. Deadlocks can cause some parts to never be finished, resulting in enormous economic losses. To this end, this work extends the existing models of resource-oriented Petri nets (ROPNs) to establish special resource marked graphs (SRMGs). In contrast to existing deadlock prevention strategies, A-structures are proposed to represent a special kind of deadlock caused by the inability to complete assembly operations. To simplify the structure of the supervisor, the subset of saturable structures is found based on the inclusion and coverage relation. By designing controllers for each structure in this subset and central hazard structures, the supervisor for the entire system is obtained. It can prevent SRMGs from reaching unsafe markings. Then, resource buffer subnets are added for SRMGs to resolve blocking issues. This can ensure that parts requiring failed resources will not affect the normal production of other parts. Eventually, an example is given to illustrate the application prospect and performance of the method.

Although, the COVID-19 pandemic is profoundly changing, data on the effect of vaccination and duration of protection can still be advantageous, especially for patients with COPD, who are more vulnerable to respiratory infections. The Hungarian-COVID-19 registry was retrospectively investigated for vaccine effectiveness (VE) and daily risk for infection and hospitalization by time since the last vaccination and vaccine type in adults with COPD diagnosis and an exact-matched control group during the Delta VOC wave in Hungary. For the matching sex, age, major comorbidities, vaccination status, and prior infection was used on August 23, 2021. The study population included 373 962 cases divided into COPD patients (age: 66.67±12.66) and a 1:1 matched group (age: 66.73±12.67). In both groups, the female/male ratio was 52.2:47.7. There was no significant difference between the groups in daily risks for infection or hospitalization among the unvaccinated. Regarding vaccinated cases, a faster decline of effectiveness was noted for hospitalization prevention in the COPD group regardless of vaccine type. The VE reduction in this group was from 90.1% (mRNA) and 87.8% (other) to 48.8% and 34.1% respectively in 180 days. Based on the time-stratified multivariate Cox analysis of the vaccinated cases, the hazard ratio was 1.09 (95% CI: 1.05-1.14) for infection and 1.87 (95% CI: 1.59-2.19) for hospitalization in the COPD group. Based on our study COPD patients are at higher risk for SARS-Cov2 VE waning and have altogether a higher risk for infection and need for hospitalization emphasizing suggestion for revaccination measures in this patient population.

Background: Mitochondrial biology destroy lead to renal fibrosis. Targeted therapy of ferroptosis may play an important role in protecting renal functions. Myricanol has been shown ameliorate muscle dysfunction by increasing mitochondrial biogenesis. However, few studies on myricanol in renal fibrosis has been performed. Purpose: We explore that myricanol can relieve renal fibrosis by improving mitochondrial bioenergy and inhibiting ferroptosis. Approach: Renal ferroptosis model was established using bilateral ischemia reperfusion (BIRI), which was used to study association between ferroptosis and renal fibrosis. Ferroptosis associated protein including zinc and ring finger 1 (ZNRF1) and iron transport-related protein lipocalin-2 (LCN2) interactions were verified by co-immunoprecipitation. Two concentrations of myricanol, namely 0.5 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg, were included to treat unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) induced mouse model of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Results: We have shown that myricanol could inhibits ferroptosis, maintains mitochondrial integrity and renal function. Mitochondrial copy number were decreased in CKD patient blood sample. We further confirmed that primary renal tubular cells with TFAM deficiency were more prone to ferroptosis. Transcriptional sequencing showed the level of ZNRF1 having significant differences between TFAM-/- and TFAM+/+ group. TFAM deficiency decrease the interaction between LCN2 and ZNRF1. Treatment with myricanol reduced renal fibrosis by regulating TFAM expression and ferroptosis. Conclusions: Our study firstly demonstrated that myricanol strengthen tubular bioenergetic capacity depended on TFAM increasing the interaction between LCN2 and ZNRF1 to inhibit ferroptosis and suggested that myricanol might be promising drugs for treating renal fibrosis.

1. Ice coverage duration on lakes and ponds is decreasing due to climate change, but experimentally testing the effects of decreased ice coverage on aquatic communities is challenging in field settings. 2. To assess whether we could simulate changes predicted to occur in aquatic habitats as climate change progresses including shorter ice duration, warmer temperatures, and thinner ice and associated water chemistry changes, we designed and constructed greenhouses to place over a set of ten experimental ponds, roughly 3x3m in area which slope to a maximum depth of 1m, dug into the ground at the Koffler Scientific Reserve (Ontario, Canada). Half of the wedge-shaped greenhouses were enclosed on all sides (n=5) while the other the other half were open on three sides, with only the top fitted with plastic sheeting (n=5). The open greenhouses provided a less-warmed treatment while controlling for precipitation reduction and light filtering caused by the sheeting. In November 2019 greenhouses were placed over the ponds. Snow was cleared from the greenhouses and water chemistry measures were taken once weekly through the 2019-2020 winter. 3. Ice was thinner across the winter and melted on average 10.6 days earlier in closed greenhouses compared to open greenhouses. Average winter water temperatures were also significantly higher in closed versus open greenhouses although these differences were not significant in all months. Similarly, maximum and minimum water temperatures were also higher in ponds with closed compared with open greenhouses. We successfully demonstrate a method for simulating expected changes in ice conditions as climate change progresses including decreasing ice coverage duration at levels similar to those observed in north temperate ecosystems (per century) and alpine ecosystems (per 36 years) and raising temperatures in a highly manipulatable experimental system.

This letter presents an 840μm2 557nW temperature sensor front-end designed for SoC thermal monitoring. The circuit is implemented using MOS transistors exclusively, which enhances its scalability with process technologies and compatibility with digital circuit processes. To address MOSFETs circuit’s process variation issues, a differential voltage readout scheme is employed. Dynamic element matching is used to minimize mismatch of the circuit. The sensor is self-referenced, eliminating the need for an external reference voltage. It is prototyped in a 55nm technology, and the measurement results showed an error of -3.9/3.4°C across 40 samples over a temperature range of 0°C to 90°C without calibration. After a low-cost one-point calibration at room temperature, the error was further reduced to -1.4/1.8°C.

Introduction: Adults aged ≥65 years contribute a large proportion of influenza-related hospitalizations and deaths due to increased risk of complications, which result in high medical costs and reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Although seasonal influenza vaccines are recommended for older adults, the effectiveness of current vaccines is dependent on several factors including strain matching and recipient demographic factors. Objective: This systemic literature review aimed to explore the economic and humanistic burden of influenza in adults aged ≥65 years. Methods: An electronic database search was conducted to identify studies assessing the economic and humanistic burden of influenza, including influenza symptoms that impact the HRQoL and patient related outcomes in adults aged ≥65 years. Studies were to be published in English and conducted in Germany, France, Spain, and Italy, United Kingdom, United States, Canada, China, Japan, Brazil, Saudi Arabia, and South Africa. Results: Twenty-five studies reported on the economic and humanistic burden of influenza in adults aged ≥65 years. Higher direct costs were reported for people at increased-risk of influenza-related complications compared to those at low-risk. Lower influenza-related total costs were found in those vaccinated with adjuvanted inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine (aTIV) compared to high-dose trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV-HD). Older age was associated with an increased occurrence and longer duration of certain influenza symptoms. Despite the limited data identified for, results show that influenza exerts a high humanistic and economic burden. in older adults. Further research is required to confirm findings and to identify the unmet needs of current vaccines.

PD-1 and CTLA-4 can play an important role in addressing the issue of autoimmune diseases. PD-1 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on T, B, and Dentric cells. This molecule functions as a checkpoint in T cell proliferation. Ligation of PD-1 with its ligands stimulates the production of IL-2, IL-7, IL-10, and IL-12 as well as other cytokines, which can inhibit cell proliferation and inflammation. Today, scientists attempt to protect against autoimmune diseases by PD-1 inhibitory signals. In this review, we discuss the structure, expression, and signaling pathway of PD-1. In addition, we discuss the importance of PD-1 in regulating several autoimmune diseases, reflecting how manipulating this molecule can be an effective method in the immunotherapy of some autoimmune diseases.

Clarifying the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) can provide a theoretical basis for mitigating carbon emissions. The characteristics of SOC and soil organic carbon density (SOCD) change in different vegetation and soil types, and the response mechanism of SOC content to environmental factors are unclear. Thus, 131 sites were selected for sampling from the 0‒30 cm soil layer to study regional SOC and SOCD spatial distribution. The results showed that the SOCD in the northwestern region was lower than that in the southeastern in the northeast of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateaue. Both SOC and SOCD were affected by the vegetation type. The order of vegetation types was swamp > meadow > steppe > desert. Furthermore, SOC content decreased with increasing soil depth in the 0‒30 cm soil layer. The SOC and SOCD contents also differed among the different soil types. The order of SOC from largest to smallest was alpine meadow soil > bog soil > chestnut soil > saline-alkali soil > alpine steppe soil > grey-brown desert. The path analysis showed that TN significantly positively affected SOC (P < 0.001). This study aimed to provide a scientific basis for grassland carbon sink management in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Background and objectives: A role of IL-10 is down-regulating T cell responses to schistosome antigens. Since SmATPDases can be correlated to modulation of the immune response, we evaluated the expression of enzymes in S. mansoni eggs. Patients/Methods: Fecal samples were collected from 40 infected individuals to detect coding regions of the SmATPDases. The cytokines was measured in supernatants of PBMC. The analysis was performed by the global median determination and set up high producers (HP) of cytokines. Results: Six individuals expressed SmATPDase1, six expressed SmATPDase2, and six expressed both enzymes. The group who expressed only SmATPDase1 showed a high frequency of IFN-γ, TNF, IL-4 HP, individuals who expressed only SmATPDase2 showed a high frequency of IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-4 HP and individuals who expressed both enzymes showed a high frequency of IL-10 HP. In the group that showed expression both enzymes was observed lower indices the ratio between IFN-γ/IL-10. The positive correlation between infection intensity and IL-10 levels remained only in the positive SmATPDase group. The IL-10 is the only cytokine induced by the expression of both enzymes. Conclusions: The expression of both enzymes seems to be a factor that modulates the host immune response by inducing high IL-10 production.

Goat warble fly infestation (GWFI) is an economically important myiasis caused by larvae of Przhevalskiana silenus (Diptera, Oestridae), prevalent in countries of the Mediterranean Basin and Indian subcontinent. GWFI is characterized by the presence of subcutaneous warbles at the lumbar and sacral region of dorsum in the infested animal. The early larval instars (L1 and L2) remain inaccessible to physical detection due to their small size and subcutaneous presence thus causing prolonged economic loss to animal productivity. The early diagnostic intervention is needed during the disease monitoring and prophylactic management for effective control of the disease. The present study has developed an in-house dot-ELISA for the serodiagnosis of GWFI based on recombinant Hypodermin C (rHyC) antigen of Przhevalskiana silenus, expressed in E. coli. The purified protein was used for optimizing dot-ELISA in a checkerboard titration using goat warble fly infested serum as known positive. The optimized conditions require 188 ng of protein/dot, 1:800 dilution of serum sample, 1:4000 dilution of anti-goat IgG conjugate and 5% skim milk powder in phosphate buffer saline as blocking buffer. The assay was found to have a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 97.3% and 95.8%, respectively. The inter-rater reliability of dot ELISA with rHyC indirect ELISA was found to be almost perfect with a Cohen’s kappa index of 0.973. Further testing at ambient temperature (18 oC) and shorter incubation steps (30 min) supported suitability of the assay for field diagnosis of GWFI. The rHyC protein based Dot-ELISA was evaluated using random field serum samples suspected for GWFI. The present study provides the first report of a sensitive and specific dot-ELISA for early diagnosis of GWFI which is rapid and cost effective. The test may provide an effective tool for sustainable control of GWFI.

From March to September 2022, a study on the influence of the land use of the foraging area on the physicochemical properties and the bacterial load of honey from the honey bee, Apis meillifera , in the urban and peri-urban landscape of the city of Butembo was carried out; in North Kivu in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The study focused on 4 beehives including 2 in urban areas (CEFADES and Mavono) and 2 in peri-urban areas (Musienene and Bunyuka). Analyzes of physicochemical parameters of honey samples collected from these beehives revealed a pH value varying between 3.93 and 4.2; an electrical conductivity between 1.22 and 1.02 (x 10 -3 mS /cm); a sugar content between 82.5 and 78 degrees Brix and a density whose value was between 1.79 and 2.02 g/cm 3 . The analysis of land cover revealed 3 main classes (afforestation, crop field class and bare land and built-up class) whose importance varies from one site to another. The canonical correspondence analyzes revealed that the afforestation (in eucalyptus) positively influences the pH of the honey; that of crop fields influences the water content of honey while bare land influences the density of honey. On the other hand, the sugar content is not influenced by the land use in the foraging area. Ultimately, land use influences the chemical composition of honey.

Insect venom allergy is the most frequent cause of anaphylaxis in Europe and possibly worldwide. The majority of systemic allergic reactions after insect stings are caused by Hymenoptera and among these, vespid genera induce most of the systemic sting reactions (SSR). Honey bees are the second leading cause of SSR. Depending on the global region, other Hymenoptera such as different ant genera are responsible for SSR. Widely distributed hornets and bumblebees or local vespid or bee genera rarely induce SSR. Hematophagous insects such as mosquitoes and horse flies usually cause (large) local reactions while SSR occasionally occur. This position paper aims to identify either rare or locally important insects causing SSR as well as rarely occurring SSR after stings or bites of widely distributed insects. We summarized relevant venom or saliva allergens and intended to identify possible cross-reactivities between the insect allergens. Moreover, we aimed to locate diagnostic tests for research and routine diagnosis, which are sometimes only regionally available. Finally, we gathered information on disposable immunotherapies. Major allergens of most insects were identified, and cross-reactivity between insects was frequently observed. While some diagnostics and immunotherapies are locally available, standardized skin tests and immunotherapies are generally lacking in rare insect allergy.

This work investigates applying an initial perturbation into an unstable system in order to increase its stability against perturbations. In the present paper we try to realize such instability suppression by a new technique. We numerically show that by applying a special form of initial perturbation, the instability will grow with slower velocity. In order to do that, a computer code is used to calculate the temporal evolution of perturbed interfaces between two ideal semi-infinite fluids. Then, the evolution of a rectangular perturbation and also a mushroom-like perturbation is investigated. It is shown that mushroom-like perturbation which is a small-scale form of the well-known instabilities (e.g. Raleigh-Taylor and Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities) has a smaller growth velocity than rectangular one. Such a structural design specially reduces the vortices in the fluids which are responsible for fluids mixing in instabilities. The mushroom-like structure has been selected as it is similar to the initial phase of RTi mushrooms. This structure help to reduce the secondary Kelvin-Helmholtz rotations in the edges of RTi mushrooms. Introduction:

Background: Emergency cervical cerclage (ECC) is of potential value in twin pregnancy, when the cervix is dilated to >1cm. McDonald and Shirodkar were two main techniques of transvaginal cerclage at present. As ECC at extremely high risk of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) especially for twins with cervical dilated ≥ 3cm and prolapsed membranes, so which technique has more advantages is still uncertain. Objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ECC performed with combined McDonald-Shirodkar technique in twin pregnancies between 18–26 weeks with painless cervical dilation 1-6cm. Methods: A retrospective, cohort study matched with the degree of cervical dilation was conducted. The study group (case group) included twin pregnancies who underwent combined McDonald-Shirodkar approach with cervical dilation ≥1 cm between 18–26 weeks of gestation at four institutions, from December 2015 to December 2022. To minimize confounding factors, we elucidated the causality structure using a DAG (Figure 1) and performed 1:1 case-control Matching. A control group performed McDonald approach. The primary outcome was gestational age (GA) at delivery. The secondary outcomes were pregnancy latency, the rates of sPTB at <28, <30, <32, <34 weeks, and neonatal outcomes. Additional sub-analysis was performed by dividing the patients into two subgroups of cervical dilation ≥ 3cm and < 3cm. Results: 84 twin pregnancies were managed with either combined McDonald-Shirodkar approach (case group: n=42) or McDonald approach (control group: n=42). Demographic characteristics were not significantly different in two groups(p>0.05). After adjusting for confounders which were represented by a directed acyclic graph (DAG, Figure 1), median GA at delivery was significantly higher (30.5 vs 27 weeks, Bate: 3.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.13-4.67, p<0.001) and median pregnancy latency was significantly longer (56 vs 28 days, Bate: 24.04, 95% CI: 13.31-34.78, p<0.001) in the case group compared with the control group. Rates of sPTB at <28, <30, <32, and <34 weeks were significantly lower in the case group than in the control group. For neonatal outcomes, there were higher birth weight (BW) (1543.75 vs 980g, Bate: 420.08, 95%CI: 192.18-647.98, p<0.001) and significantly lower overall perinatal mortality (7.1% vs 31%, aOR: 0.16, 95% CI: 0.04-0.70, p=0.014) in the case group compared with the control group. And when cervical dilation ≥ 3cm, combined McDonald-Shirodkar procedure can significantly reduce perinatal mortality (8.3% vs 46.7%, aOR:0.09, 95%CI: 0.01-0.77, p=0.028), significantly decrease the risk of delivery at <28, <30weeks, prolong GA at delivery and pregnancy latency compared with McDonald procedure. Conclusions: ECC performed with the combined McDonald-Shirodkar procedure in twin pregnancies with cervical dilation 1-6 cm in mid-trimester pregnancy may reduce the rate of sPTB and improve perinatal and neonatal outcomes compared with McDonald procedure, especially for twins with cervical dilation of 3-6 cm and prolapsed membranes.

Background: Approximately 15% of all pregnant women (about 20 million women) suffer from acute severe obstetric complications 7-18, and the first 24 hours postpartum and the first week after labor represent the main periods with the highest chances of mortality. The most evident complication of which is hemorrhage; solely accounting for 27% of all maternal deaths that occur worldwide 14-17 , and it being postpartum accounts for 73% of all the hemorrhage cases. 17 . Primary Post-partum hemorrhage is formally defined as the loss of at least 500 ml of blood after a vaginal birth or the loss of at least 1,000 ml of blood after a cesarean section within 24 hours of delivery. 17 Aim: In light of this, this cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the incidence and determine risk factors of PPH after vaginal delivery in Kasr Alainy University Hospital in Cairo, Egypt. Methodology: The study is a multivariate cross-sectional study. Single population proportion formula was used to determine the sample size in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was collected via assisted questionnaires and results were statistically interpreted with a confidence interval of 95% to gather the odds ratio of different statistically significant risk factors of PPH. Results: PPH incidence in Kasr AlAiny in the period of our study was 8.1%. Atonic factors were implicated in 67% of all PPH after vaginal delivery in the study. Most evident risk factors were prolonged labor (odds ratio= 5.1), then history of previous PPH (odds ratio= 4.25), followed by hypertension (odds ratio 2.53) and lastly advanced age ⩾35 years (odds ratio= 2.29) Conclusion: Our research concluded that most cases of PPH were mainly of atonic causes and primarily with prolonged labor being the most evident risk factor.

A document by Muhammad Shattique. Click on the document to view its contents.

The present project was designed to study and compare different parameters of the forelimb and hind limb bones in juvenile, adult male and female rose-ringed parakeet in breeding and non-breeding seasons. For morphometric measurement, the forelimb and hind limb bones of juvenile and adult parrots (male = 9, female= 9) were collected in breeding and non-breeding seasons after autopsy. - The data was computed with Microsoft excel® and statistically analyzed using Minitab software. The groups were compared using Tukey’s honestly significant difference test. - The results showed the measurements of breeding season female bones were slightly larger in size than the bones of non-breeding season female and juvenile female. Moreover, breeding season male showed slightly larger values than the bones of non-breeding-season male and juvenile groups. Hence, the current study provided novel information about the comparative morpho-functional features and detailed description along with illustration of forelimb and hind limb bones of a juvenile, adult male, and a female rose-ringed parakeets in breeding and non-breeding seasons.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly expanding network of interconnected things that use embedded sensors to gather and share data in real-time. IoT technologies have given rise to many networking applications in our everyday life such as smart homes, smart cities, smart transport, etc. Smart healthcare is one such application that has been revolutionized by the IoT, introducing a new branch of IoT known as the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). IoMT encompasses an entire ecosystem consisting of smart wearable, implantable sensing equipment’s or devices, transmitters that are critical for monitoring the patients remotely and continuing the real-time and has opened the door to new innovative smart healthcare approaches while improving patient care outcomes. IoMT wearable and embedded sensing devices are commonly utilized in smart healthcare to capture medical data and transmit the medical data in a communication network stored in the cloud. The large volume of data generated and transmitted by these IoMT devices is rising at an exponential rate, resulting in an increase in security and privacy vulnerabilities of healthcare data. In order to ensure the Confidentiality and integrity of the IoMT devices and the Medical data, there should be proper security and privacy measures such as access control, passwords, multifactor authentication, and encryption of data generated, transmitted, or processed in the IoMT framework. In this paper, we identified the internet of things and its applications in smart healthcare systems. Additionally, the paper focuses on the architecture of IoMT, and several challenges, including the IoMT security and privacy requirements, and attack taxonomy. Finally, the review focuses on current security and privacy-enhancing techniques for IoMT or healthcare systems. The conclusion and future work are then discussed.

The song alluded in the title could be continued by saying that people around the countries criticised the measures to contain COVID-19. Beliefs in a just word (BJW) are related with affective reactions triggered by extreme events. The aim was to test Affective Events Theory (AET) by analysing to what extent work environments have influence on affective experience and job outcomes. Participated 449 teleworkers in Brazil and 236 in France, countries with similar periods of compulsory telework, but that adopted different policies. Results revel low positive emotions tend to decrease perceived job satisfaction when BJW is high in both contexts. Among French teleworkers, it is also true when we have high negative emotions. BJW directly affects job performance and satisfaction in Brazil, but it is only valid for job satisfaction in France. Results offers support for AET and presents how work environments indirectly influence affective experience and job outcomes.

A unified schematic visualization of Si solar cell technologies as well as tandem interconnection schemes (2, 3, 4 terminal) with industrial relevance is presented based on a comprehensive literature review.

Background Current shortage of operative space and anaesthetic staff led to 531907 ENT cases waiting to be performed as of June 2022; a trend expected to worsen. Awake surgery can provide a safe and effective alternative reducing the need for anaesthetic cover while utilising alternative operating spaces. Methodology Prospective cohort study of 86 patients undergoing ENT procedures under local anaesthetic with/without operator delivered sedation using midazolam; performed in the ambulatory Procedure Zone of an ENT tertiary centre in the UK by a single sedation trained rhinologist. Results N=54 inferior turbinate reduction (n=19 with radiofrequency ablation, n=25 with co-ablation, n=13 combined with a second procedure). Pre-operative mean SNOT23 score 59, mean NOSE score of 17.89, 3 month post-operative mean SNOT 23 score 36 and mean NOSE score 7.92 (P<0.05). N=18 balloon sinoplasty, n=4 endoscopic sinus procedures; pre-operative mean SNOT23 score 76, 3 month post-operative mean SNOT23 score 25 (P<0.05). N=12 nasal biopsies, n=8 septoplasties, n=6 adhesiolysis, n=1 grommet insertion, n=1 excision of pinna lesion, n=1 canal polypectomy. Visual analogue scale was used to assess patient comfort during the procedure; 4/10 mean score (IQR 2-8) for cases under local anaesthetic ranged, with addition on sedation comfort increased with mean score of 8/10 (IQR 1-10). Due to the low numbers of cases statistical significance was not calculated. Conclusion Awake surgery in ENT is a safe and effective alternative to general anaesthesia. It is a cost effective service, which shortens waiting and treatment times, and coupled with operator delivered sedation leads to high patient satisfaction rates.

This article starts with the importance of electric power marketing systems, introduces the technical characteristics of data mining and its application status in electric power marketing systems, thereby providing decision-making basis for the economic operation of power grids. And propose using C5.0 decision tree algorithm to deeply analyze the marketing data of the electric power marketing management system. The original C5.0 decision tree algorithm is improved by introducing information entropy, which improves its classification speed and accuracy. Experimental results on UCI machine learning dataset and power marketing dataset show that the proposed improved C5.0 decision tree algorithm has good classification performance and can meet the classification and prediction requirements in power marketing work.

In this paper, the Seismic risk in the middle of the Bayan Har block based on the profile likelihood estimation of the generalized Pareto distribution is studied. Earthquake samples in the middle of the Bayan Har block in the late 60 years are analyzed. The result shows that the area experiences an earthquake above 7.0 every 5 years. The theoretical upper limit of magnitude is 8.7, indicating frequent geological activities in this area. The profile likelihood estimation is consistent with the estimation of the maximum likelihood of the parameters. The confidence interval of the short-term return level is the same for the two methods. But with the increasing return period, the confidence interval obtained by the profile likelihood estimation is shifted to the right as a whole compared to that of the Delt method. The ratio of the confidence interval length on both sides of the return level will increase. This asymmetry is effective for the uncertainty of magnitude prediction.