This paper examines the transient motion of a viscous and incompressible fluid between two infinite vertical parallel plates due to natural convection current occurring as a result of application of isothermal conditions on the plates. Laplace transform method is used to solve the partial differential equation governing the problem while a numerical algorithm based on Riemann-Sum approximation is used to transform the solution from Laplace domain to time domain. The classical model of transient natural convection flow is extended to some fractional models; precisely, Caputo-Fabrizio (C.F) and Atangana-Baleanu (ABC). We obtained semi analytical results for temperature, Nusselt number, velocity and shear stress through MATLAB software. In this regards, we have noticed that both fractional models; C.F and ABC give more generalized results relative to the classical case.

We extend conventional optical density (OD) measurements to determine the growth rate of a recently identified species of Enterobacteriaceae, Enterobacter sp. SM3. To assess the reliability of this method, we compare growth rates obtained from fitting OD data to exponential growth, applying a relative density technique, and by measuring shifts in OD curves following set factors of dilution. These three techniques yield consistent results. Thus, they confirm that the most common method based on OD measurements can determine the bacterial doubling time. The main source of error is due to the reliance on a short span of an exponential growth phase. In lysogeny broth at 37oC, we found SM3 to divide every 22±3 minutes, notably faster than the RP437 strain of E. coli, which divides every 29±2 minutes. We also measured the SM3 division rate by counting colony-forming units (CFU) versus time, yielding results consistent with the OD measurements. These methods are applicable to determining the growth rate of any bacterial species.

An analysis of thermal radiation & chemical reaction effects on a flow of an incompressible, electrically conducting, viscous fluid through an infinitely long, flat plate that is accelerating periodically and is ingrained in porous medium. This flow is studied using unsteady magnetohydrodynamics. Here, flow is caused by time-related motion of this vertical plate, also numerous temperature situations along with velocity as well as concentration situations for different parameter studies are done.

INTRODUCTIONAminoacyl tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are a group of cytoplasmic enzymes that bind to transcribed RNA during protein synthesis, esterify amino acids to transcribed RNA, and function as catalysts for aminoacyl-transcribed RNA.1 Patients who test positive for anti-ARS antibodies present with various extramuscular symptoms, such as interstitial pneumonia, mechanic’s hands, Raynaud phenomenon, polyarthritis, fever, and myositis. These symptoms share common clinical features, which led Targoff in 1992 to term them ”antisynthetase antibody syndrome.”2 Since Jo-1 (histidyl-tRNA synthetase: HisRS) antibody was discovered in 19803, eight ARS antibodies have been identified: histidyl-tRNA synthetase-1 (Jo-1), anti-threonyl (PL-7), anti-alanyl (PL-12), anti-glycyl (EJ), anti-isoleucyl (OJ) anti-asparaginyl (KS), anti-phenylalanyl (Zo) and anti-tyrosyl (Ha) tRNA synthetase4.5, 6 Among these antibodies, anti-OJ is the least prevalent (3.1%).7 Anti-OJ- positive anti-ARS syndrome is extremely rare, and is usually accompanied by interstitial pneumonia.8 Anti-OJ and anti-Sjögren’s-syndrome-related antigen A (Ro-52) antibodies are occasionally detected in patients with dermatomyositis and are a poor prognostic factor when associated with interstitial pneumonia.9 However, we encountered a patient with OJ-and Ro-52 positive anti-ARS syndrome without interstitial pneumonia and with severe phalanx necrosis due to Raynaud phenomenon. The activity of disease could be suppressed with steroid pulse therapy. We believe that this is an atypical clinical presentation that deserves acknowledgement by means of this case report. We also report it here with a review of the literature.

Background & objectives: Nasal irrigation is a commonly used supportive treatment method for rhinosinus diseases. However, there is no consensus on how effectively irrigation should be applied to infants. The aim of the study is to examine the effects of two different nasal irrigation techniques applied to relieve nasal congestion in infants on physiological parameters and crying time. Methods: This study was randomized controlled experimental study. This study was conducted at the pediatric emergency clinic of the tertiary care hospital. Infants aged 1-12 months presenting with nasal congestion due to upper respiratory tract infections were enrolled in the study. Low-volume saline irrigation was applied to one group and high-volume saline irrigation was applied to the other group. Physiological parameters, procedure duration, procedure repetition frequency, and crying durations were evaluated before, and after the procedure. Results: In the study, the saturation of infants who received nasal irrigation with high-volume saline was found to be higher after the procedure compared to infants who received low-volume saline (p=0.000). Compared to the infants who were administered low-volume saline, the infants who received nasal irrigation with high-volume saline; respiratory rate (p=0.000), crying time and mean procedure time (p=0.000) were found to be lower after the procedure. Conclusions: As a result, in infants who received nasal irrigation with high volume saline; oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, procedure time, frequency of repetitions of the procedure and crying time are more positively affected. It is recommended to prefer high-volume nasal irrigation for infants with nasal congestion.

IntroductionLaryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas (LNECs) are rare tumors of the larynx with a wide spectrum of clinicopathological manifestations. Generally, laryngeal neuroendocrine neoplasms were divided into 2 categories, epithelial and neural, based on their origin. The epithelial subgroup consisted of typical carcinoid, atypical carcinoid, small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. The neural neuroendocrine neoplasm subgroup is mainly referred to as paraganglioma. 1Among these categories, atypical carcinoid is the most common form of neuroendocrine carcinomas in the larynx .Also; prognosis is getting worse from typical carcinoid to small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.2 Laryngeal neuroendocrine neoplasms represent 0.5 to 1% of laryngeal epithelial carcinomas, occurring more frequently in the supraglottic region with male predominance. 3In this study, we presented a rare case of poorly differentiated NEC (small cell) and described its clinicalopathological presentation. The presentation of this tumor with respiratory distress in a non smoker male patient with a small size mass in subglottic area is the interesting feature of this report.

Recommender systems have become increasingly important in the healthcare sector due to their vital role in predicting various health-related information for both patients and doctors. The primary goal of this system is to guarantee the timely availability of essential information while upholding its quality, reliability, and authentication. The primary emphasis in conventional CNN design lies in the convolutional layers and the activation functions they employ. The Learning Discrete Wavelet Pooling (LDW-Pooling) technique offers a universal alternative to standard pooling operations, resulting in enhanced accuracy and efficiency in feature extraction. This research paper introduces an Intelligent Health Recommender System (HRS) that utilizes the Discrete Wavelet Pooling (LDW-Pooling)-Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) technique. The performance evaluation of this intelligent recommendation system is conducted using a well-known Multi disease dataset (Heart, Liver, and Kidney). Evaluation based on different parameter values demonstrates that the proposed deep learning method (LDW-Pooling) outperforms other approaches by producing fewer errors. The proposed system achieves an impressive accuracy rate of 98.1%, surpassing the performance of existing deep machine-learning methods. This indicates that our system is highly suitable for multidisciplinary disease prediction and recommendation.

1: Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) revolutionises ecological research, utilizing sounds for species-specific inferences. However, PAM generates large volumes of data, posing challenges in annotation, classification, and review complexity, necessitating efficient data management strategies. 2: Given this particular need, this research aimed to improve the performance of a pattern-matching algorithm for detecting signals of interest in two nocturnal bird species. The study pursued two main objectives: first, to evaluate various similarity scores and determine the optimum one through a sensitivity-specificity analysis. Second, we investigate potential relationships between species-specific spectral features, such as high, low, and peak frequencies, and the algorithm’s performance by reviewing and comparing their dispersion with a Levene test. 3: The outcomes demonstrated a generally favorable algorithm performance, achieving up to 80% sensitivity and specificity. This underscores its effectiveness in identifying target signals. Our investigation indicated that factors like individuality, which could be reflect on the spectral features, could potentially impact the algorithm’s efficacy. 4: ARBIMON provides transformative collaborative solutions in the field of bioacoustics. However, additional research is imperative to fully grasp the performance and potential applications of such tools. This exploration extends beyond ARBIMON to encompass the burgeoning technologies within the discipline.

Diabetic ketoacidosis and loss of consciousness as the first clinical presentations of apoplexy in a patient with recurrent pituitary adenoma: A Case Report study

Myeloid Sarcoma in Brain and Optic Nerve Presented as a Relapse of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report Mais Musleh, MD1, Samer Musleh, MD2, Manal Sheikhi, MD3Authors :1Mais Musleh, MD: Department of hematology, AL-Assad University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus, Syria.mais125@yahoo.com2Samer Musleh, MD: Department of neurosurgery, AL- Abasieen Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus, Syria. Samer.musleh236@gmail.com3Manal Sheikhi, MD: Department of hematology, AL-Assad University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus, Syria. Manal.sh.31090@gmail.com:CORRESPONDING AUTHOR :Mais Musleh, MD hematology, AL-Assad University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus, Syria.Syria, Rif-Dimashq, Sahnaya, Al-Azroni Street.Mobile phone: +963958203968E-mail: mais125@yahoo.comORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2148-2921

Xinghua Yu*, Rui Yao, Shumin Zhou, Ge Meng, Amali Upekshika Wijayaraja, Lei Yao, Jiaxue Shuai, Pengyu Gu, Hongsu Wang and Fei Sun*Prof. X. Yu, R. Yao, S. Zhou, G. Meng, A. Wijayaraja, L. Yao, J Shuai, Prof. P. Gu, Prof. F. SunDepartment of Urology & Andrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China.E-mail: yuxinghua@zju.edu.cn; sunfeisrrsh@zju.edu.cn;R. YaoWenzhou Medical University, School of Optometry&Ophthalmology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.Prof. H. WangCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China.Keywords: surface charge, polystyrene microplastics, male reproduction, toxicity, mammals

Although papillary chord abnormalities are most commonly seen in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), there are rare case reports in the literature showing abnormal attachment of chordates to the basal septum, causing serious gradients in patients without HCM. In this case, we present a 54-year-old male patient with no diagnosis of HCM, who was diagnosed with strange and unusually abnormal chordae tendons, subaortic sac, and persistent left superior vena cava.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a rhythm disorder characterized by very rapid and disorganized atrial-derived electrical activations with non-coordinated atrial contractions. Very short periods of AF-like activity (micro-AF) may be precursors to undetected silent episodes of atrial fibrillation. In our study, we examined the relationship between natriuretic peptide levels and echocardiography findings in patients with micro-atrial fibrillation. Materials and Methods: Patients who applied to the cardiology outpatient clinic with the complaint of palpitation and were fitted with a 24-hour rhythm Holter at the end of the examination, were included. Micro-AF is defined as the sudden beginning of irregular tachycardia with 5 consecutive supraventricular episodes and the absolute absence of pulses and p-waves lasting less than 30 seconds. Forty five patients in the micro-AF group and 45 patients in the control group were included in the study. Laboratory parameters, electrocardiographic (ECG), and echocardiographic findings of the two groups were compared. Results: Pro-BNP (Pro brain-type natriuretic peptide) and Serum Troponin T levels were higher in the micro-AF group, (13.09±11.45 vs. 4.41±2.46, p<0.001; 375.57±636.68 vs. 63.19±56.82, p<0.001, respectively.) Each 1 pg/dl increase in serum pro-BNP level increased the risk of micro-AF by 1.8%. In the ROC analysis, the cut-off value for Pro-BNP for the diagnosis of micro-AF was 63.4 pg/dl, with a sensitivity of 91.1% and a specificity of 73.3%. Atrial electro-mechanical delay durations were significantly higher in the micro-AF group. Inter-annulus plane electromechanical delay time (inter-annulus plane AEMD) to predict micro-AF was determined as a cut-off value of 18.5 seconds with a sensitivity of 93.3% and a specificity of 91.1%; Left intra-annulus plane electro-mechanical delay time(intra-annulus AEMD LEFT) as a cut-off value of 11.5 seconds with a 95.6% sensitivity and 75.6% specificity was determined to predict micro-AF. In ECG evaluation, maximum P wave duration (P-max) (113.00±10.25 vs. 98.00±10.47; p<0.001), minimum P wave duration (P-min) (73.89±5.53 vs.70.00±6.39; p<0.001) and P wave dispersion (PWD) (39.11±7.93 vs.28.00±7.64; p<0.001) were longer in the micro-AF group. Conclusions: We may predict micro-AF patients by evaluating ECG and echocardiographic data and serum natriuretic peptide levels.

This paper deals with a chemotaxis system with two chemicals in a smoothly bounded domain. It is proven that the solutions of the system are global and bounded as well as exponentially converge to the constant steady-state solutions under small initial conditions. The present work extends the results that in Tao and Winkler (2015) as well as Liu and Dai (2022) to fully parabolic chemotaxis system.

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a bio-based plastic that is biodegradable under appropriate conditions of temperature, humidity and oxygen, which are achieved in the composting process. The objective of this work is to formulate a mathematical model that predicts the biodegradation of polylactic acid in composting processes. We performed a qualitative analysis of the reduced composting mass system, which is non-linear and non-autonomous. First, the reduced model was transformed into an autonomous system, showing that their solutions are positive, bounded and non-periodic. Furthermore, it was shown that the origin is locally and globally exponentially stable, the axial equilibrium is unstable and that a degenerate transcritical bifurcation exists at the origin. Simulations of the reduced system indicated that the PLA mass is completely biodegraded when the time tends to infinity, which was shown theoretically. In addition, numerical simulations of the complete composting system were performed considering three initial values of the carbon/nitrogen ratio. It was concluded that the initial carbon/nitrogen ratio of 32.5 reached 90% of PLA biodegradation in approximately 150 days. This work provides a mathematical tool applied to the field of biotechnology of biodegradable plastics.

The construction of (hierarchical) curl-conforming basis functions has been a hot topic in the last decades in the finite element community. Especially, functions applied to simplices have been quite popular after the work by Nédélec in 1980. Many mixed-order and full-order families have been provided in the last years, but sometimes it is difficult to assess if they belong to the original space proposed by Nédélec (especially when orthogonalization procedures are applied). Here, a tool to determine if a family of basis functions belongs to the Nédélec space is provided. Since affine coordinates are the most frequent choice for simplices, particularities about its use with this kind of coordinates are detailed. A detailed survey of existing families is provided, and the practical application of the tool to a representative set of these families is discussed. The tool is also available for the community in a public repository.

In this paper, we investigate the the existence and stability of non-trivial steady state solutions of a class of chemotaxis models with zero-flux boundary conditions and Dirichlet boundary conditions on one-dimensional bounded interval. By using upper-lower solution and the monotone iteration scheme method, we get the existence of the steady-state solution of the chemotaxis model. Moreover, by adopting the “inverse derivative” technique and the weighted energy method to obtain the stability of the steady-state solution of this chemotaxis model.

A document by Bo Bi. Click on the document to view its contents.

In this paper we study the hyperbolic operator L u + μ u = u xx - u ww + b ( w ) u x + q ( w ) u + μ u initially defined on C 0 , π ∞ ( Ω ‾ ) , where Ω ‾ = { ( x , w ) : - π ≤ x ≤ π , - ∞ < w < ∞ } , μ ≥ 0 . C 0 , π ∞ ( Ω ‾ ) is a set of infinitely differentiable functions with compact support with respect to the variable w and satisfying conditions with respect to the variable x: u ( - π , w ) = u ( π , w ) , u x ( - π , w ) = u x ( π , w ) , - ∞ < w < ∞ . With respect to the coefficients b( w), q( w) we assume that they are continuous functions in R=(-∞ ,∞) and can be strongly increasing functions at infinity. The operator L admits closure in L 2 ( Ω ) and the closure we also denote by L. In the paper, under some restrictions on the coefficients, in addition to the above conditions, we proved that there is a bounded inverse operator and found conditions on b( w) and q( w) that ensure the existence of the estimate, i.e. separability of L ‖ u xx - u ww ‖ L 2 ( Ω ) + ‖ u w ‖ L 2 ( Ω ) + ‖ b ( w ) u x ‖ L 2 ( Ω ) + ‖ q ( w ) u ‖ L 2 ( Ω ) ≤ c ⋅ ( ‖ L u ‖ L 2 ( Ω ) + ‖ u ‖ L 2 ( Ω ) ) , where c>0 is a constant. Example 1. Let b ( w ) = e 1000 | w | , q ( w ) = e 100 | w | . Then the above estimate holds. In addition to the above results, the paper proves the compactness of the resolvent, obtains two-sided estimates for singular numbers (s-numbers). Here we note that estimates of singular numbers (s-numbers) show the rate of approximation of the resolvent of the operator L by linear finite-dimensional operators. An example is given of how these estimates allow one to find estimates for the eigenvalues of the operator under study.

To the Editor

Parasites may alter host physiology, which may promote behavioural adaptations to counteract their effect. Adaptive feeding may help individuals to cope with infection, especially during physiologically highly demanding life stages. For instance, migrating birds need to fuel long-distance flights and repair oxidative damage caused by intense aerobic exercise, and parasites may influence on how individuals balance these needs. Infected birds may face increased oxidative challenges, which could induce them to favour antioxidant defences over other needs, such as fattening. We tested whether migrating birds can adaptively choose food according to their needs, favouring dietary antioxidants to cope with oxidative stress caused by blood parasites during migration. During autumn migration, we mist-netted young male European blackcaps (Sylvia atricapilla) stopping over in central Spain. We placed the birds in cages where they were offered fat and anthocyanin-enriched food alternatives. We measured preference for each food offer. We tested their infections by haemosporidian parasites with PCR techniques and their parasitaemia with blood smear inspection. We also measured physiological variables that account for nutritional and oxidative status in red blood cells and plasma. We found that birds with multiple infections favoured anthocyanin-enriched food controlling for an effect of body mass on food preference (lean blackcaps preferred anthocyanins, likely because they are urged to repair oxidative damage upon arrival on stopover with depleted energy reserves). Infected birds had a lower antioxidant capacity of plasma, and individuals with more oxidative damage preferred anthocyanin-enriched food. Our results suggest that parasite infections may increase individuals’ antioxidant needs, which could affect migration performance if the urge to find dietary antioxidants reduces fuel consumption rate.

Objective: To identify what delivery determinants are associated with higher risks of Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) among early post-partum women receiving Pelvic Health Physiotherapy (PHP) care for PFD at a National Health Service (NHS) Trust in the North of England. Design: Quantitative non-experimental retrospective observational design. Setting: PHP Urogynaecology Unit at Leeds Teaching Hospital. Population: Women under six months post-partum referred to PHP with symptoms of PFD between 1st June 2021 and 1st June 2022. Methods: Data on the type of delivery, the number of subjectively reported PFD symptoms and pelvic floor muscle (PFM) strength, graded using the modified Oxford scale, on initial physiotherapy consultation collected from physiotherapy records. Data on risk factors for PFD not related to the mode of delivery were also collected. Main Outcome Measures: Number of PFD symptoms and PFM strength (modified Oxford score) documented on assessment. Results: 166 post-partum physiotherapy records were included. Forceps delivery was identified as the type of delivery most associated with PFD symptoms (2.45 ± 0.884 vs 1.85 ± 0.813; p=<0.001; CI 0.92-0.28) and PFM weakness (2.15 ± 0.731 vs 2.5 ± 0.914; p=0.02; CI 0.04-0.66) compared to spontaneous vaginal delivery. Age 35 years or above was the only factor with a statistically significant association of PFD (OR 1.079; CI 95% 1.011 - 1.15). Conclusions: Forceps delivery increases PFD and PFM weakness, while age above 35 a major risk factor to develop PFD. Improvements to reduce the use of forceps and increase awareness of PFD and physiotherapy among women 35 years or above are needed.

Background The high heterogeneity of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has led to poor clinical outcomes. The critical role of amino acid metabolic reprogramming in tumor growth is gradually emerging. However, amino acid metabolism in HCC is less studied, and the mechanisms still need to be clarified. Methods We acquired transcriptome information on HCC patients from public databases. Amino acid metabolism-related genes (ACRGs) were used as prognostic markers. We built the prognosis-related ACRG_score model using Univariate/Multivariate COX and Lasso regression analyses following stratification by consensus clustering. Furthermore, we assigned HCC patients with high ACRG expression to the high-risk category and others to the low-risk category. We compared clinical characteristics, immune cell infiltration, somatic mutations, and immune checkpoint (IC) genes among the groups. Finally, drug sensitivity and molecular docking analyses were used to identify therapeutic candidates targeting the essential ACRG target proteins. Result We constructed a six-gene ACRG_score model that better predicted the survival prognosis for liver cancer patients, and we validated it using internal and external datasets. In HCC patients, ACRG_score are associated with clinicopathological characteristics and have proven to be an independent prediction factor. Nomogram and calibration curves illustrated the model could correctly forecast patient prognosis. In addition, immune infiltration, Tumor Mutational Burden (TMB), and ACRG_score were revealed to be significantly correlated. IC genes were also present. According to immunohistochemical analysis, HCC tissues had higher EZH2, SLC2A1, and SPP1 expression levels than normal tissues. Additionally, we identified seven candidate small-molecule medications that may bind four of the ACRG essential target proteins. Conclusions: In this study, the ACRG_score model was created to analyze the prognosis, TMB, IC, and therapy responsiveness for HCC patients. This model can predict patient prognosis, guide immunotherapy, provide clinical dosing suggestions, and supply valuable tools for individualized patient treatment.

Tilapia farmers would benefit tremendously if they could decrease aggression among fish. Conspecific aggression affects growth, feed conversion and general wellbeing of fish. Previous studies established an inverse relationship between blood cholesterol levels and aggression in fish, whereby a decrease in cholesterol led to an increase in aggression. The present study assessed the effect of an increase of dietary cholesterol on blood cholesterol and possible decrease in aggression of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Nile tilapia were stocked in an outdoor recirculation system then offered one of five diets: 0% cholesterol, 0.5% cholesterol, 1% cholesterol, 1.5% cholesterol and 2% cholesterol. Five fish of each treatment were moved to a glass tank and monitored for signs of aggression for 10 minutes, twice a day. This experimental procedure was repeated five times using a new set of fish every time. Results show an increase in cholesterol levels in the blood but that there are no significant differences in aggression among treatments. Accordingly, the present study suggests that an increase in dietary cholesterol increases blood cholesterol in fish but does not have a significant effect on antagonistic patterns in Nile tilapia.