A document by Alishah Zehra. Click on the document to view its contents.

This systematic review aimed to generate comprehensive information on the effectiveness of molecular markers for fish identification and conservation. Four stages were used for its execution: article identification using search directories and Boolean operators, screening all available papers, evaluating eligible articles and data extraction. Based on the analysis, mitochondrial markers, microsatellite markers, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers are identified as the most frequently used markers. Molecular-based fish identification is the most accurate, trustworthy, reproducible and efficient technique Its effectiveness also depends on the type of molecular marker employed, the DNA sample’s quality and quantity, the fish population’s genetic diversity, the presence/absence of contaminants and the types of tissue and preservatives. The precise research topics that researchers are interested in addressing determine which molecular marker should be used.

According to various classical Siddha literature, the varicose ulcer is compared with the symptoms of Naalavibatha punn / Naalasurrutu punn / Naalaviruvu punn. Treat varicose ulcers by prescribing Siddha internal medicines and external therapies. On August 5, 2022, a 48-year-old female patient attended the OPD of Santhigiri Siddha Medical College and Hospital, Trivandrum, with the following complaints: dilatation of veins present in the right lower limb for 6 years; hyperpigmented lesion with itching and swelling above the medial malleolus of the right lower limb for 6 months; and an ulcer present above the medial malleolus for the last 3 months. She had a known case of varicose veins and had taken sclerotherapy three times but did not have satisfaction with the allopathic medication. The majority of the symptoms were significantly reduced in 60 days under the Siddha medications, such as a combination of Siddha preparation (Parangipattai Chooranam, Sangu Parpam, and Silasathu Parpam), Rasa gandhi mezhugu for internal, Padikara neer washing, wound dressing with Mathan thailam for external for 2 months, and attai vidal (leech application) done in 3 sittings in the gap of 10 days. No recurrence of any chronic varicose ulcer was observed during the 1 year of follow-up, and relevant preventive Siddha medication for Naalavibatha punn was given and advised the patient to do exercises that strengthen the legs and compression therapy. To summarize, the case report exhibited that Siddha leech therapy with both internal and external medications is very effective in the management of varicose ulcers.

Background： Hydroxytyrosol (HT), a phenolic compound derived from plants, exhibits robust antioxidant activity and possesses pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and anti-viral effects. As a result, HT has gained significant attention as an excellent nutraceutical and food additive. Purpose and scope： Currently HT is mainly produced by plant extraction and chemical synthesis. With the gradual development of biosynthesis technology and the increasing concern for food health, biosynthesis of HT has gained more and more attention from researchers. Summary and conclusion: Biotechnological synthesis of HT offers distinct advantages over plant extraction and chemical synthesis, such as being environmentally friendly, safe, and cost-effective. This comprehensive review focuses specifically on the biosynthetic pathway of HT and recent advancements in biotechnological synthesis of HT. The review also discusses the potential applications of HT as a nutraceutical. Through a comprehensive analysis of the biosynthesis and biotechnological synthesis of HT, this review contributes to the growing body of knowledge in this field and paves the way for sustainable and scalable production of this versatile compound.

Bioconversion of Rebaudioside D faces high-cost obstacles. Herein, a novel glycosyltransferase StUGT converting Rebaudioside A to Rebaudioside D was screened and characterized, which exhibits stronger affinity and substrate specificity for Rebaudioside A than previously reported enzymes. A whole-cell catalytic system was thus developed using the StUGT strain. The production of Rebaudioside D was enhanced significantly by enhancing cell permeability, and the highest production of 6.12 g/L (yield=98.08%) by cell catalyst was obtained by statistical-based optimization. A new cascade process utilizing this recombinant strain and E. coli expressing sucrose synthase was further established to reduce cost through replacing expensive UDPG with sucrose. A StUGT-GsSUS1 system exhibited high catalytic capability, and 5.27 g/L Rebaudioside D was achieved finally without UDPG addition by systematic optimization. This is the best performance reported in cell-cascaded biosynthesis, which paves a new cost-effective strategy for sustainable synthesis of scarce premium sweeteners from biomass.

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the progressive form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. However, there are no FDA-approved drugs for treating NASH. The roles of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) playing in NASH are not fully understood, and the mainstream view is that HIF1α knockout improved NASH. Here, in order to explore the clinical translation potential of HIF1α, we used HIF1α inhibitor KC7F2 to treat diet-induced NASH mice for 10 weeks. Surprisingly, it turned out that KC7F2 intensified liver lipid accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis in NASH mice. Mechanistically, a most remarkable increase of expression of hepatokine Tsukushi (TSKU) was observed among twenty metabolism-related hepatokines in the liver of NASH mice after KC7F2 treatment. In vitro, we confirmed that inhibiting HIF1α or TSKU overexpression both significantly intensified lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, but didn’t increase expression of inflammation markers in LPS-induced macrophages or fibrosis markers in TGFβ-induced hepatic stellate cells. Moreover, Tsku knockdown reversed the HIF1α inhibitor-induced lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Taken together, we first found that HIF1α inhibitor exacerbated NASH presumably via promoting hepatocyte lipid accumulation which was dependent on TSKU, indicating NASH may be a contraindication for HIF1α inhibitor rather than an indication.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a prevalent, debilitating, potentially severe, and frequently dose-limiting adverse reaction to several first- and second-line chemotherapy drugs with limited access to efficient, satisfactory treatment. Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation technique was found significant in reducing peripheral neuropathy symptoms and improves quality of life, despite differences in the processes of damage. Here, we describe the application of Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques in a 56-year-old female patient suffering from Stage II uterine cancer admitted to the Chemotherapy ward for a second cycle of chemotherapy and were referred for Neurophysiotherapy in order manage chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy symptoms. The patient had complaints of pain along with weakness in the lower limbs and tingling in both the feet along with difficulty in maintaining balance while walking. So Physiotherapy rehabilitation was initiated after 3 days of beginning of anti cancer medications. After the four-weeks of physiotherapy sessions, the patient reported total remission of pain, a significant decrease in tingling and numbness in both lower extremities. CIPN can and often does persist for many years, even though it usually resolves gradually over time. It seems improbable that this was a spontaneous resolution given the consistency of his symptoms before starting physiotherapy sessions and their quick improvement with treatment. Further Research is required to ascertain if improvements in CIPN symptoms are directly or indirectly associated with increase in blood flow, as well as to comprehend the role of physiotherapy, a nontoxic, non pharmacologic intervention, in CIPN amelioration.

Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in various tumor patients at present. Although the application of them demonstrates remarkable efficacy, ICIs can also result in some immune-related adverse events (irAEs) involving almost all the organs of the body, among which ICI-related pneumonitis (ICIP) is one main area of concerns. However, there has been no bibliometric analysis in this field so far. This study is designed to provide the basics of the knowledge framework and research frontiers about ICIP through bibliometrics. Method To learn more about ICIs development, publications from 2011 to 2022 were retrieved from Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database. Microsoft Office Excel 2021 was used to conduct quantitative analysis of publication. Meanwhile, VOSviewers, CiteSpace and R package “bibliometrix” were used to perform bibliometric data analysis. Results 746 articles from 53 countries headed by United states and China were included. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School were the main research institutions. Frontiers in Oncology was the most popular journal in this field, and Journal of Clinical Oncology was the most frequently cited journal. These publications came from 5251 authors among whom Naidoo Jarushka, Hodi F Stephen and Nishino Mizuki had the most publications and Brahmer Julie R was the highest co-cited author. “Risk factors”, “efficacy”, “management”, and “radiological features” were the primary keywords of research hotspots and frontiers. Conclusion This is the first bibliometric study that comprehensively illustrates the development trends of ICIP, identifying recent hot directions and providing a reference for scholars studying this field.

Individuals exhibiting high social anxiety (HSA) typically encounter challenges in identifying threatening stimuli with varying levels of intensity in different social scenes, ultimately affecting their social interactions. However, it is not well understood how social scenes and emotional intensity and their interaction influence the recognition of threat stimuli among HSA individuals (HSAs). To address this issue, a face recognition task was administered to 20 HSA participants and 22 individuals exhibiting low social anxiety (LSA) in this study. Results indicated that during the stage of social scenes presentation, HSAs produced larger P2 amplitude than LSA individuals (LSAs) no matter the valence of the scenes, and during the stage of face recognition, HSAs had smaller N170 amplitude than LSAs and exhibited lower recognition time for 2% disgusted faces compared to LSAs. Furthermore, the consistency between scenes and faces led to faster recognition of disgusted faces in HSAs, but not in LSAs. Consequently, our findings suggested that HSAs recognizing faces were influenced by social scenes and invested too many cognitive resources in the scene presentation phase, which led to insufficient resources when performing the face recognition task. However, the emotional congruence of the scene and the faces could facilitate the recognition of faces by HSAs.

Hybrid system of elasticity in domains with moving boundary is discussed. This equation characterizes the motion of a beam with a fixed endpoint and the other moving one. By using the multiplier method to estimate the energy function, We determine the observability of dual systems. Therefore, the original system is exact controllable, when the speed of the moving endpoint is less than some constant.

A case of Berry syndrome: a rare congenital cardiac structural abnormality with one-stage surgical repair Shanshan Ma1, Bi Wen1, Qi An2, Xin Zhang1*1Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37th, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China2Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China*Corresponding Author: Dr. Xin Zhang, MBE-mail: zhangxindoc@163.com

Conservation Agriculture (CA) is an innovative approach that promotes sustainable farming while enhancing soil health. However, residue management challenges often hinder its adoption, causing farmers to burn crop leftovers in fields. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various furrow openers under simulated soil bin conditions. Three types of furrow openers were examined: single disk (SD), Inverted T-type furrow opener with a plain rolling coulter (ITRC), and double disc (DD) furrow opener. Tests were conducted at different forward speeds (1.5, 2, and 2.5 km h -1) and with three straw densities (1, 2, and 3 t ha -1) at a consistent working depth of 5 cm. Draft measurements were obtained using load cells connected to an Arduino-based data-logging system. Results indicated that draft requirements increased with forward speed and straw density, while straw-cutting efficiency decreased with these factors. Average draft values for SD, ITRC, and DD were 290.3 N, 420 N, and 368.5 N, respectively, and straw-cutting efficiencies were 53.62%, 59.47%, and 74.89%, respectively. The DD furrow opener showed the highest straw-cutting efficiency (81.36%) at a working speed of 1.5 km h -1 and a straw density of 1 t ha -1, demonstrating optimal performance compared to other furrow openers.

BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional (3D) printing has become increasingly affordable. Several research projects used 3D printing to create in vitro upper airways model. However, studies using a mainstream desktop 3D printer never performed geometric validation of their model. The aim of this study was to perform geometric validation of a pediatric upper airways model printed with a mainstream desktop 3D printer. METHODS: Head computerized tomography (CT) scan of a 10-month-old female underwent segmentation between airways and surrounding anatomical structures. Airways segmentation allowed their measurement for further comparison with printed model. Head segmentation enabled the creation of a 3D printable volume file. To proceed to the geometric validation of the head model, the latter underwent a CT scan. Similar segmentation work was performed on the printed model for comparison. Overlap proportion between the original infant volume and the printed model as well as an average Hausdorff distance were calculated after manual alignment between the original and printed model. RESULTS: Volumes were 12.31 cm 3 and 12.32 cm 3 for the pediatric and the printed model upper airways, respectively (0.08% difference). Dice coefficient of original and printed model was 0.92%. The average Hausdorff distance was 0.21 mm. CONCLUSION: Desktop mainstream 3D printers can generate pediatric upper airway model with a high dimensional accuracy, as evidenced by our comprehensive geometrical validation.

A document by Mary Anissa Sinnathamby. Click on the document to view its contents.

The demand for wireless power transfer (WPT) systems that can maintain a constant voltage output (CVO)characteristic is gradually increasing in some practical application areas of WPT, such as industrial power supplies. However, existing CVO-type systems are often limited by the parameter design of the loosely coupled transformer (LCT) and the configuration of the receiver side is not compact enough. Therefore, this paper proposes a strongly coupled system with CVO function composed of capacitor-inductor-capacitor-none (CLC-N) topology. The system’s primary side uses a CLC compensation, while the secondary side conforms to a minimalist design without the need for compensation components such as capacitors and inductors. The initial segment of the paper pertains to the discussion of the conditions required to satisfy both zero-phase-angle (ZPA) and CVO functionality of the suggested system. Subsequently, an in-depth approach to parameter design is outlined, accentuating that the output voltage remains unrestricted by the LCT’s parameters. Additionally, this paper examines the realization of zero-voltage switching (ZVS) within the suggested system, as well as the influence that variations in compensation components have on the CVO function. To underscore the benefits of the suggested CVO-type WPT system that employs CLC-N compensation, the paper presents a comparison with a range of other CVO-type WPT systems. Ultimately, an experimental prototype is fabricated to test the theoretical framework, and the results from these experiments confirm the feasibility of the suggested CVO-type WPT system based on CLC-N compensation.

The continuous and close combination of artificial intelligence technology and agriculture promotes the rapid development of smart agriculture, among which the agricultural robot navigation line recognition algorithm based on deep learning has achieved great success in detection accuracy and detection speed. However, there are still many problems, such as the large size of the algorithm is difficult to deploy in hardware equipment, and the accuracy and speed of crop row detection in real farmland environment are low. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposed a navigation line extraction algorithm for corn spraying robot based on Light-YOLOv8s network. Firstly, the Convolution (Conv) module and C2f module of YOLOv8s network are replaced with Depthwise Convolution (DWConv) module and PP-LCNet module respectively to reduce the parameters (Params) and giga floating-point operations per second (GFLOPs) of the network, so as to achieve the purpose of network lightweight. Secondly, in order to reduce the precision loss caused by network lightweight, the spatial pyramid pooling fast (SPPF) module in the backbone network is changed to atrous spatial pyramid pooling faster (ASPPF) module to improve the accuracy of network feature extraction. Meanwhile, normalization-based attention module (NAM) is introduced into the network to improve the network’s attention to corn plants. Then the corn plant was located by using the midpoint of the corn plant detection box. Finally, the least square method is used to extract the maize crop row line, and the middle line of the maize crop row line is the navigation line of the maize spraying robot. According to the experimental results, the Params of Light-YOLOv8s network decreased by 29.24%, 86.64% and 55.38%, respectively, compared with YOLOv5s network, YOLOv7 network and YOLOv8s network. GFLOPs dropped 26.79%, 88.77%, and 58.74%, respectively, while accuracy lost only 1%, 0.6%, and 2.2%. It shows that the Light-YOLOv8s network proposed in this paper greatly reduces the size of the model, solves the problems such as the difficulty of deployment caused by the large size of the existing algorithm, and also greatly reduces the accuracy loss of the model, and solves the problems such as the reduced accuracy of the algorithm caused by the lightweight network. When the corn spraying robot works in the real farmland environment, the navigation line extraction algorithm proposed in this paper not only ensures the real-time navigation of the corn spraying robot, but also ensures the accuracy of the navigation, and makes a contribution to the development of agricultural robot visual navigation technology.

The development of a transient temperature model of photovoltaic (PV) modules is presented in this paper. Currently, there are a few steady-state temperature models targeted at assessing and predicting the PV module temperature. One of the most commonly used models is the Faiman thermal model. This model is derived from the modified Hottel-Whillier-Bliss (HWB) model for flat-plate solar-thermal collector under steady-state conditions and assumes low or no thermal mass in the modules (i.e. short time constants such that transients are neglected, and steady-state conditions are assumed). The transient extension of the Faiman model we present in this paper introduces a thermal mass, which provides two advantages. First of all, it improves the temperature prediction under dynamic conditions. Second, our transient extension to the Faiman model allows the accurate parametrization of the Faiman model under dynamic conditions. We present our model and parametrization method. Furthermore, we applied the model and parametrization method to a one-year data set with 5 minute resolved outdoor module measurements. We demonstrate a significant improvement in temperature prediction for the transient model, especially under dynamic conditions.

Coarctation of the aorta in an adult with a concurrent large-size aortic arch aneurysmPing Zhang1, Dou Yuan2*1Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37th, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China2Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cheng Du Shang Jin Nan Fu Hospital, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.* corresponding author：Dou Yuan

To meet quality standards for wastewater treatment for reuse, advancement of treatment technologies has been considered very important. One promising avenue is the integration of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) with Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems (DEWATS). This study sought to optimize the efficacy of selected AOPs for polishing the anaerobic filter (AF) effluent of DEWATS as an alternative to the constructed wetlands. Metrics evaluated pathogen reduction efficiency, post-disinfection regrowth, and the treatment effects on the physical parameters (pH, EC, and turbidity), organic matter (sCOD, BOD, DOC, humic), and nutrient concentration (ammonium, nitrates, and ortho-P). Ozonolysis and TiO2 photocatalysis attained a 6.4-log pathogens reduction, whereas UV photolysis recorded a 6-log pathogen reduction. Ozonolysis samples showed no pathogen regrowth, whereas TiO2 photocatalysis registered E. coli and Total coliforms regrowth of 2.5-log and 2.7-log, respectively. UV photolysis registered 0.5-log and 2.2-log regrowth for E. coli and Total coliforms, respectively. TiO2 photocatalysis significantly reduced the BOD, sCOD, humic levels, ortho-P, turbidity, and nitrates while increasing the pH, EC, ammonium, and DOC levels. Ozonolysis significantly lowered BOD, sCOD, humic levels, and turbidity; however, it increased ortho-P, nitrates, pH, EC, ammonium, and DOC levels. UV photolysis resulted in marginal reductions in BOD, nitrates, and turbidity with increased EC, pH, ammonium, DOC, ortho-P, and humic levels. Ozonolysis and UV photolysis insignificantly mineralized the trace elements. TiO2 photocatalysis lowered the concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, and Zn in the treated effluent. In comparison, ozonolysis was the best AOP, demonstrating a faster effluent treatment rate with no pathogen regrowth.

Low concentration electrolyte demonstrates significant advantages in terms of cost, viscosity, and wettability. However, its high solvent ratio usually induces fragile organic-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), which is not compatible with high-voltage lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, a screening rule for diluent has been established based on the electrostatic potential, which guides the rational design of diluted low concentration electrolyte (DLCE) with high anion to solvent ratio. Specifically, the anti-solvating power of a diluent is positively correlated with its value of the most positive surface potential (ESPmax), thus diluents with high ESPmax value easily cause salt-precipitation when diluting concentrated electrolyte to low concentration (< 1 M). In light of this observation, diluent with low ESPmax value is selected to ensure the preparation of a transparent DLCE, thus maintaining high anion to solvent ratio in DLCE. As an exemplary study, a 0.5 M ether-based DLCE is developed for high-voltage LMBs. Due to the high anion to solvent ratio, a robust LiF-rich SEI is formed and enables the stable operation of LMBs under high-voltage (4.5 V) and wide temperature (−20 to 55 °C). This work offers a guideline for screening diluent to design high-performance LCEs for high-voltage batteries.

Aqueous rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have garnered considerable attention due to their safety, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness. There is a growing interest in finding suitable cathode materials for ZIBs. Layered vanadium oxide has emerged as a promising option due to its ability to store zinc ions with high capacity. However, the advancement of high-performance ZIBs encounters obstacles such as sluggish diffusion of zinc ions resulting from the high energy barrier between V2O5 layers, degradation of electrode structure over time and consequently lower capacity than the theoretical value. In this study, we investigated the pre-doping of different cations (including , , and ) into V2O5 to enhance the overall charge storage performance. Our findings indicate that the presence of V4+ enhances the charge storage performance, while the introduction of into V2O5 (NH4-V2O5) not only increases the interlayer distance (d(001) = 15.99 Å), but also significantly increases the V4+/V5+ redox couple (atomic concentration ratio increased from 0.14 to 1.08), resulting in the highest electrochemical performance. The NH4-V2O5 cathode exhibited a high specific capacity (310.8 mAh g-1 at 100 mA g-1), improved cycling stability, and a significantly reduced charge transfer resistance compared to pristine V2O5.

Thick and highly conductive PEDOT:PSS films with ideal morphologies, are desirable as electrodes for supercapacitors. However, building uniform micro-morphology without templates or composite strategies is a formidable challenge, primarily caused by the inherent softness of dominant PSS. Herein, we successfully realized morphology control, transitioning from a layer-by-layer architecture to a porous structure in thick PEDOT:PSS films by employing solvothermal method with ethylene glycol (EG) as the solvent. The combined effect of high pressure and temperature effectively drove EG to construct the microstructure of thick PEDOT:PSS films by detaching insulating PSS chains and enhancing PEDOT crystallinity, and simultaneously facilitated the formation of a porous network through EG molecular tailoring. The achieved porous thick PEDOT:PSS films delivered a high conductivity of 1644 S cm-1 and a champion specific capacitance of 270 F cm-3, significantly surpassing previously reports. The flexible all-solid-state supercapacitor assembled based on the films displayed an excellent specific capacitance of 97.8 F cm-3 and an energy density of 8.7 mWh cm-3, representing the highest values for pure PEDOT:PSS-based supercapacitors. This research provides an effective novel method for conducting polymer morphology control and promotes the applications of PEDOT:PSS in the field of energy storage.

Bismuth-based materials have been recognized as the appealing anodes for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) due to their high theoretical capacity. However, the kinetics sluggishness and capacity decline induced by the structure distortion predominately retard their further development. Here, a heterostructure of polyaniline intercalated Bi2O2CO3/MXene (BOC-PA/MXene) hybrids has been reported via simple self assembly strategy. The ingenious design of heterointerface-rich architecture motivates significantly the interior self-built-in electric field (IEF) and high-density electron flow, thus accelerating the charge transfer and boosting ion diffusion. As a result, the hybrids realize a high reversible specific capacity, satisfying rate capability as well as long-term cycling stability. The in/ex-situ characterizations further elucidate the stepwise intercalation-conversion-alloying reaction mechanism of BOC-PA/MXene. More encouragingly, the full cell investigation further highlight its competitive merits for practical application in further PIBs. Our present work not only opens the way to the design of other electrodes with an appropriate working mechanism but also offers inspiration for built-in electric-field engineering toward high-performance energy storage devices.

Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic condition of unknown etiology that presents with pruritic, excoriated dome-shaped lesions on the extremities. It is challenging to treat using topical therapies alone. Newer options include monoclonal antibodies, as well as excimer UVB and psoralen UVA phototherapies. While these have shown clinical efficacy, they may