Objective: This study aimed to determine the menopausal awareness and knowledge levels of women aged 40–65 in the climacteric period, and examine the symptoms of menopause and the relationship with their attitudes towards menopause. Method: Included in this study were 224 women, who applied to Obstetrics and Family Medicine outpatient clinics. The Sociodemographic Information Form, Menopause Information and Awareness Form, Menopause Attitude Assessment Scale (ATMS), and Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) were applied to the participants. Results: Of the participants, 71.0% had gone through menopause, whereas 21.0% had not, and 8.0% did not know whether they had gone through menopause or not. The mean age of the women who had gone through menopause was 47.79±4.5 years. While the mean ATMS score was 43.97±10.93, 37.9% of the women had a negative attitude (40 points and below). The mean MRS somatic complaint score was 6.43±3.74, the mean psychological complaint score was 6.21±4.09, and the mean urogenital complaint score was 3.88±2.65. There was a moderately significant negative correlation between their ATMS scores and their menopause-related psychological complaints (r=–0.317, p<0.001). As their positive attitude towards menopause increased, their psychological complaints decreased. As their awareness of menopause increased, their psychological complaints decreased. Conclusion: Increased awareness of menopause provided a decrease in the psychological complaints of menopause. In the study, it was seen that the attitudes of the women about menopause were an effective variable in the emergence of menopause complaints. Improving the attitudes of the women towards menopause is important in reducing menopausal symptoms

Pseudoaneurysms following renal transplantation in donor renal-external iliac artery anastomosis is rare, of which the incidence is less than 1%. We present a case of a common iliac artery pseudoaneurysm, of whom the patient underwent allogenic renal transplantation at 2 years ago accompanied by a recurrent fever of up to 39.5°C for one month. Computed tomography angiography revealed a huge pseudoaneurysm located in the left common iliac artery. The crevasse was blocked by implanting an abdominal aortic integrated bifurcation graft and a covered stent in the left iliac artery. Despite concerns about the feasibility and safety of deploying a graft in a suspected infected pseudoaneurysm, this case proved infection is not an absolute contraindication. Endovascular treatment combined with timely spinal open surgery is a recommended and appropriate therapeutic intervention.

In this work, we aim to obtain the existence and finite time blow up of weak solutions of a p(x) -Laplacian pseudo-parabolic equation with memory term and logarithmic nonlinearity. Moreover, we extract an upper bound for the blow up time by applying the concavity method and a lower bound using the differential inequality technique.

Patterns and elevational controls on the response of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition to temperature in alpine forest soils are critical to efforts to quantify the regional carbon cycle-climate feedback, but are not well known. Here, we report rates of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition (Rs) and temperature sensitivity (Q10) determined in a short-term laboratory incubation with a gradual warming from 5°C to 29°C of soils from different elevations in the Qilian Mountains, China (2,600, 2,800, 3,000, and 3,200 m). The results showed the Rs significantly increased with increasing elevation (P<0.001). Across all elevations, RS first showed an increasing trend at temperatures < 20 ℃ and then declined substantially, most likely in response to the content of labile C (greater at the start of incubation, and declining over time). Q10 of SOM decomposition increased significantly with increasing elevation and deceasing incubation temperature (P<0.001). More importantly, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), 1-2 mm aggregate-associated OC, and elevation were the main control factors affecting Rs and Q10. These results indicate that high-altitude soils in alpine forests of the Qilian Mountains are relatively more sensitive to temperature changes, and have greater potential to release CO2 due to higher SOC contents and 1-2 mm aggregates-associated OC than low-altitude. The findings could serve as a reference for how regional C pools may respond to future warming in alpine forests of the Qilian Mountains.

Objective: To explore the effects and clinical significance of mental state on SSNHL. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Teaching-hospital otolaryngology. Participants: Otolaryngology inpatient with SSNHL. Main outcome measures: Mental state in pre- and post-treatment was evaluated by SCL-90, and the severity of tinnitus was acquired by THI. Moreover, the correlations between the mental state and classification, prognosis, tinnitus degree, different occupation, and age were analyzed. Results: 115 patients were analyzed. There were significant differences in the depression（F=5.46, P=0.00）, other factor （F=3.38, P=0.02）and total mean score (TMS) （F=7.70, P=0.00）in the different types, and changes in the phobic anxiety (F=2.95, P=0.03) in different efficacy groups. Furthermore, there were statistic differences in all factors (P＜0.05) except other factors (F=0.75, P=0.47) in different degrees of tinnitus. Additionally, anxiety (t=3.20, P=0.00) and paranoia factor score (t=2.03, P=0.04) increased in white-collar workers, but somatization factor (t=－2.21, P=0.03) in blue-collar workers. Finally, 10 factors and TMS unchanged among different age groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion: Depression, insomnia and other negative emotions occurred generally, and improved significantly after treatment in all patients with SSNHL. Moreover, the mental state is correlated with the type, prognosis and degree of tinnitus. There were different mental symptoms in white and blue-collar workers. Key word: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss; Mental; Tinnitus; Classification; Prognosis; Occupation Key Points There are many problem to be solved about the correlation between mental state and SSNHL. 115 patients with SSNHL were analyzed in a cross-sectional study. Depression, insomnia and other negative emotions occurred generally in patients with SSNHL. The mental state is correlated with the type, prognosis and degree of tinnitus. There were different mental symptoms in white and blue-collar workers.

Background: Environmental exposure chambers (EECs) have been used extensively to study allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Few studies have been published using EECs in conjunctivitis only, and none have used conjunctival allergen challenge as a selection criterion. The present study validated ALYATEC EEC in allergic conjunctivitis to birch allergens. Methods: Sixteen patients with a positive conjunctival allergen challenge (CAC) were ex-posed to 60 ng/m3 of Bet v 1 in an EEC on 2 consecutive days for a maximum of 4 hours. Re-producibility was tested among seven of the patients. A positive conjunctival response during the CAC and the EEC exposure was defined as a Total Ocular Symptom Score (TOSS) ≥ 5. Results: Fifty percent of patients had a positive conjunctival response during the first expo-sure and 75% during the second. The mean time to a positive conjunctival response was 81.2±33.9 minutes and 101.6±57 (P>0.05) during the first and second exposure, respectively. No difference in the TOSS occurred between the two exposures. The time necessary to ob-tain a positive response during the CAC was significantly shorter than with the EEC. The es-timated quantity of Bet v 1 inducing a positive response was 0.07±0.03 ng (exposure 1), 0.07±0.07 ng (exposure 2), 980±784 ng (CAC). The frequency of conjunctival responses and quantity of Bet v 1 was reproducible in all six EEC exposures. Conclusions: Birch allergen exposures inducing early conjunctival responses were different than those identified with direct installation during CAC. EEC appears to be closer to natural exposure than CAC.

Over the decades, rapid nucleic acid detection has been difficult to scientists, especially to those in the field of microbiology, biotechnology and immunology. Most principles are finite in sensitivity, specificity or both. Recently, better technologies and immunoassays are being developed using specific antibodies in order to improve accurate detection in diagnostics approaches. CRISPR systems, which are natively inhabitant of prokaryotes, provides adaptive immunity to bacteriophages and transformation of plasmid, advanced in modern technologies for diagnostics and treatments, applied in therapeutic areas and has helped tremendously in, base editing, , transcriptional regulation, gene editing, epigenome editing and especially in detecting nucleic acid that is vital to human health. These modern approaches are combined or paired with other methods like SHERLOCK, DETECTR, HUDSON, and so on to detect viruses and other pathogenic agents directly from patient samples. CRISPR Cas proteins, Cas9 system majorly, is a very significant and effective tool used in editing gene based on the adaptive immune defense mechanism of Bacteria and Achaea against foreign DNA invasion. Cas 13 and Cas 12 has collateral cleavage activity that has been utilized for applications in diagnostics and detection of nucleic acids such as SHERLOCK. Also, Cas 13 can process its CRISPR array and release individual CRISPR RNA also known as CrRNAs. Conclusively, rapid, sensitive, accurate and advanced molecular techniques will be increased since they can be applied in both diagnostics and treatments.

In intention of this research is to established the truncated solutions of time-space fractional partial differential equations (FPDEs) by employing the combination of Shehu transform and iterative method. The numerical solutions reveals the effectivity and accuracy of the technique.

Background and aim of the study: Atrial myxomas are the most common primary cardiac tumors and are generally discovered as incidental findings. When obstructive symptoms become manifest, acute hemodynamic impairment may occur with the necessity of surgical correction. Results: We describe a case of a young woman with progressive dyspnea and syncope, and presence of a huge intracardiac mass. The mass completely obliterated the mitral valve orifice requiring emergent surgery. Immediately following excision and at follow-up normal hemodynamics were restored. Conclusions: Whenever huge intracardiac masses cause hemodynamic compromise, emergent surgery is necessary. Immediate relief is seen following excision.

Abstract The tremendous global surging of the African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) threatens pig industries worldwide. ASFV causes acute hemorrhagic fever in domestic pigs with near enough 100 % mortality, whereas immune in its natural host’s warthogs, bush-pigs, and the soft tick vector. ASFV is a large cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA virus that replicates mainly in macrophages. At present, infected animals can only be managed by quarantine and removal of infected animals as lack of effective vaccines and treatment. This review focus on mechanisms by which ASFV enter, replicate, modulate, molecular hijacking and overpowered the host immune system. Various machinery employed by ASFV discussed, such as overcoming barriers to replication in the monocyte/macrophage, inhibition of apoptosis, inhibition of inflammatory responses, ASFV adhesion protein CD2v. This review exposes ASFV evasion strategies and virus-host interactions, thus reveal promising vaccine development ideas.

Peach gummosis caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae is one of the most detrimental diseases in southern China. This disease is characterized with necrosis and gum exudation in shoots. Ethylene (ET) is known to induce gum formation, however its role in defense against peach fungal gummosis and regulatory mechanism remain unclear. Here, the ET effect on gummosis progression was investigated in peach shoots treated with ET or ET inhibitors before L. theobromae inoculation. Peach shoot infection induced ET production and the transcription of related genes; ET application increased gum formation whereas ET inhibitors repressed it. Additionally, ET treatment significantly reduced jasmonic (JA) level and downregulated OPRs transcript, but increased salicylic acid (SA) content and upregulated PAL expression. ET application increased arabinose content, but decreased glucose and fructose levels. Transcripts of genes related to UDP-sugar metabolism, sugar transporters, and cell wall degradation were upregulated upon ET treatment, and reduced by ET inhibitors. Therefore, ET negatively regulates symptom development in L. theobromae-infected shoots, likely by modulating the JA/SA response and promoting UDP-sugar metabolism and transport, and cell wall degradation during gummosis. Our findings shed light on the molecular mechanism by which ET orchestrates plant defense and gum formation in peach during L. theobromae infection.

Aim: To explore the effect of green model combined with evidence-based nursing on the rehabilitation quality of patients with myocardial infarction after PCI. Methods: From June 2018 to June 2019, 100 AMI patients who underwent PCI Treatment in our hospital were selected as the study subjects. According to the random number method, 100 patients were divided into study group and control group, 50 patients in each group. The control group was treated with evidence-based nursing; The research group adopted green model combined with evidence-based nursing. The scores of anxiety and depression (had), self-management behavior after intervention, cardiac function index at 30 days after operation, cardiac rehabilitation quality at 6 months after operation, incidence and satisfaction of adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) within 6 months after operation were compared between the two groups. Results: The had score of the study group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.001); The incidence of MACE in the study group within 6 months was 6.00%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05); The satisfaction rate of patients in the study group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Green model combined with evidence-based nursing improves the quality of rehabilitation of AMI patients after PCI

A 47-year-old man with an asymptomatic left intraventricular mass was referred to our hospital. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed a mass attached to the lateral wall of the left ventricle, with no other structural changes. The true view mode of three-dimensional TEE was more visual, and revealed a regular, very mobile, ball-like mass that was attached to the anterolateral papillary muscle. The mass was then surgical excised. Histopathological analysis indicated that the mass was a myxoma. Cardiac myxomas are commonly seen in the left atrium. Left ventricular myxomas are extremely rare, especially one attached to the papillary muscles.

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency(VDD) is a common condition in all ages worldwide, especially in winter, and causes several adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Although there is conflicting information about the causes of adverse cardiac events in VDD, the accepted leading cause is a pathogenic relationship with hyperparathyroidism. Aim: We aim to demonstrate hyperparathyroidism’s effects, if present, on endothelial and diastolic functions using echocardiography, carotid, and brachial tissue Doppler imaging (tDi) in premenopausal women with VDD independent from confounding risk factors. Methods: Our study is a cross-sectional, observational study investigating premenopausal women aged 18-50 who applied to internal medicine department. The patients are divided into two groups according to parathyroid hormone(PTH) levels (Normal PTH 41 patients, abnormal PTH 27 patients). Study groups are analyzed for basal characteristics, standard echocardiographic evaluation, carotid, and brachial artery tDi features. Results: There were no significant differences in age, height, weight, body mass index(BMI), and blood pressures between the groups (all p values>0.05). The rate of severe VDD was 76%. In terms of diastolic parameters, prolongation of A wave durations and decreased E/A ratio were observed in the secondary hyperparathyroidism (p values 0.042 and 0.031, respectively). Also, carotid IMT is significantly higher in secondary hyperparathyroidism(p=0.034). Conclusion: Our study showed that high PTH levels have adverse effects on diastolic(A wave, E/A ratio) and endothelial functions(carotid IMT) in premenopausal women diagnosed with VDD, even in the absence of other confounding risk factors. We can state that our study’s findings will contribute to the literature and are predictive for future studies.

Antheraea mylitta Drury, a polyphagous, Sericigenous, lepidopteran insect commonly known as tasar silkworm is a species, found in the form of 44 ecoraces, feeding on a number of food plants. In India, it covers more than twenty states as ecoraces, with variations in phenotypic traits like fecundity, voltinism, cocoon weight, silk ratio etc. The distribution of the species has encountered diverse geographic and climatic variations of the distinct areas, leading to marked differences in not only phenotypical and physiological traits but also in the commercial and technological aspects. A.mylitta Drury (Andhra Local ecorace), which is an exclusive ecorace of the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, is well known for its superior commercial characters, but, is on the verge of extinction due to its weaknesses in voltinism, emergence, hatching, low yield etc. The ecorace conservation is essential to utilize their valuable genes in enhancing productivity and to build variation in new population through hybridization. Modern sequencing methods like Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies and Insilco analysis are used in population genetic studies to investigate the evolutionary forces affecting genetic variation. In the present studies, the genomic DNA of parental ecoraces - Andhra local and Daba TV of A. mylitta and their hybrid populations were sequenced independently using the Illumina NextSeq500 in order to analyze their genetic relationship. The sequencing library revealed that the fragment size ranged between 200bp to 700bp and identified 35877 sites in 8 samples. Further, the phylogenetic tree showed closely and distantly related taxa among the populations.

Objective: to explore the role of transportation in seeking emergency obstetric care among women with obstetric complications. Study Design: A mixed-methods design that used both questionnaire and in-depth interviews. Setting: The study was conducted in Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria, between February and May 2015. Study Population: The population for the study were women aged 15-49 years who had experience direct obstetric complications and were attending the health facility for care at the time of this study. Sample Size: Three-hundred and eighteen (318) women attending the health facility for emergency obstetric care completed the questionnaires, whilst in-depth interviews were held for six women who were conveniently selected from a large (318) quantitative respondents. Data collection and of Analysis: Both questionnaire and semi-structured interviews were used in collecting data for this study. Quantitative data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) using both inferential and bivariate analysis, whilst a qualitative content analysis was carried out on the qualitative data. Main Results: Of the 318 respondents, 91.2% accessed health facilities by motorised transport with 8.8% on-foot. Regularity at antenatal care was higher (92.9%) among mothers who came to the health facility on-foot. None regularity at antenatal care was also associated with travel time and road network. Conclusions: The study concludes that efficient, favourable and suitable transport system as well as cost are key factors influencing women role in decision-making to seek care in the study area.

This Project aims to produce a graphical user interface (GUI) for Matlab programs written by Dr. J. S. Marsland as part of his research into the excess noise factor in avalanche photodiodes (APDs). APDs amplify amplify photo-generated currents by the process of impact ionization; however this a random process which results in additional noise quantified by the excess noise factor. The GUI will then be used to compare this research work with the research work of others e.g. the Monte Carlo calculations made by the research group at the French Aerospace Laboratory (ONERA). The graphical user interface will be produced by using the GUIDE package supplied with MATLAB software combined with MATLAB programs already written. Comparision with other research work will require the digitization of some graphs published in academic journals. The project is strongly related to the research undertaken in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics at the University of Liverpool. The results prove that the excess noise can be significantly reduced by something called the dead space effect.

Eucalyptus spp. is the most widely planted broad-leaf tree species in the world. Ninety-five countries have Eucalyptus spp. as plantations (Iglesisas-Trabado, 2008), and the total area exceeds 22.57 million hm2 worldwide (Wen, 2018). The Eucalyptus spp. is fast-growing, which enables efficient and sufficient supply of timber, but its negative impact on soil fertility also incurs discussions. It is therefore necessary to study the growing traits of Eucalyptus spp. to help and provide guidance on its plantation management and associated policy making in a scientific way. In this work, we report and analyze how the spatial distribution of Eucalyptus plantations in China changes with time. We quantitatively characterize and evaluate the productivity, carbon accumulation capacity, and abandonment rate of Eucalyptus spp. and its plantations. Statistical models on how Eucalyptus spp. productivity and abandonment rate change with time are established that can be used to evaluate the soil fertility and feasibility for growing Eucalyptus spp., and predict how its productivity changes with time. We summarize, report, and interpret sample plot data from nine National Forest Inventories (1973-2018), data from China Forestry Land Database Map in 2003 and 2016, and weather and elevation data of southern China in this work. Our work shows that regions with mean annual temperature of 19-21 ℃, precipitation of 1400-1600 mm, and elevation of 0-300 m above sea level suit the growth of Eucalyptus spp. The mean annual productivity of Eucalyptus spp. ranges from 4.14-8.57 m3hm-2a-1. Higher productivity (9.32～10.88 m3hm-2a-1) could be reached for newly cultivated lands. Based on data from the ninth inventories (2014-2018), the mean carbon fixation of Eucalyptus spp. per year is 5.29 t hm-2a-1, which is 2.95 and 2.18 times greater than Pinus massoniana Lamb. and Cunninghamia lanceolata Lamb., respectively. Eucalyptus spp. has high productivity, and is an important source for limber. Its plantations takes up 6.85% of all plantations in China areawise, but contribute to more than 17.96% of total annual cut from plantations. The growing of Eucalyptus spp. consumes soil fertility significantly. The cumulative abandonment rate (based on area) is about 25%, 50%, and 75% five, ten, and twenty years after the start of the plantations, respectively. The soil fertility decreases rapidly after 50 years of growing Eucalyptus spp. continuously. In such cases, it is difficult to restore soil fertility. We propose that with improved management and measures such as outcrop rotation, it is possible that the abandoned plantations can be reused for growing Eucalyptus spp. Planning Eucalyptus spp. plantations properly is critical to the sustainability and soil fertility restoration of the corresponding lands. Eucalyptus spp. helps protect natural forests, and contributes to carbon fixation. Therefore we support the development of Eucalyptus spp. plantations for the economic value they generated, and for their positive effects on the society and natural environments.

Animals are expected to choose foods that optimize their growth, reproduction and survival, but it remains unclear how environmental stressors modulate their dietary preference. Here, we provide the first report of nematode stress resulting from exposure to earthworm-produced cyclic peptides, and confirm that this stress changed the dietary choice of the model animal Caenorhabditis elegans and other soil-dwelling bacterial-feeding nematodes. Nematodes shift their food preference from preferred toward unpreferred bacteria when they are stressed by the toxic cyclic peptides. Furthermore, nematodes that eat more unpreferred bacteria are able to reallocate energy to repair cyclic peptide-induced damage of their DNA and complete their lifespan. Our results demonstrate that nematodes can actively change their dietary strategy to maintain survival at the cost of reproduction when they experience acute stress. This stress-driven adjustment of dietary choice in this predator-prey relationship may be the key to understand feeding ecology of predators in other food webs.

A document by Jie Xing. Click on the document to view its contents.

T cell lymphoma involves cardiac structures rarely and tends to be more aggressive. Pericardial effusion is the most common manifestation of cardiac involvement with restrictive cardiomyopathy due to tumor infiltration being extremely rare. The presence of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and orthopnea in a patient presenting with pericardial effusion or tamponade should alert the physician towards possible myocardial disease warranting re-evaluation after pericardiocentesis. We describe a 14-year-old boy with advanced T cell lymphoma presenting with cardiac tamponade. Repeat echocardiography after pericardiocentesis revealed mediastinal mass infiltrating cardiac chambers and great vessels along with features of restrictive cardiomyopathy secondary to tumor infiltration.

Traumatic aortic rupture is a rupture of all or part of the aortic wall, commonly reported in blunt chest trauma cases. The most common site of rupture is the aortic isthmus. Aortic floating thrombus (AFT) is a rare, life-threatening disease with debated mechanisms. The therapeutic strategy is still controversial, but conservative management is the preferred treatment. We report a rare case of an acute post-traumatic AFT.

Letter to the Editor, BJOG Title:Deceleration Area and Deceleration Capacity: Poor predictors of fetal acidaemia in human labour! The strengths of visual versus computerised cardiotocography interpretation.Re: Georgieva A, Lear CA, Westgate JA, Kasai M, Miyagi E, Ikeda T, Gunn AJ, Bennet L. Deceleration area and capacity during labour-like umbilical cord occlusions identify evolving hypotension: a controlled study in fetal sheep. BJOG 2021; https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.16638.Author: Mr. Shashikant L SHOLAPURKARMD, DNB, MRCOGDept of Obstetrics & Gynaecology,Royal United Hospital, Bath, BA1 3NG, UKEmail:s.sholapurkar@nhs.net; s.sholapurkar172@gmail.com; Tel: 07906620662Short Running Title: Deceleration area and capacity in labourWord count: 500Corresponding Author: Mr. Shashikant L SHOLAPURKARMD, DNB, MRCOGDept of Obstetrics & Gynaecology,Royal United Hospital, Bath, BA1 3NG, UKStatement of interest: The author has no conflict of interest or funding to declare.

Vaccines in practice, farewell to pandemicRui-hong Xue1,MD1International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China