This Authorea document template can be used to prepare documents according to a desired citation style and authoring guidelines. Abstracts are not always required, but most academic papers have one and writers should know how to produce a useful abstract. An abstract should be a very short, clear and concise summation of the entire paper. An abstract should provide enough of a preview that a typical reader will know whether or not they wish to read the paper. It should reveal both the purpose and conclusions of the paper.

PROJECT SUMMARY This should be a brief statement of the problem you plan to address. It should look something like an abstract. INTELLECTUAL MERIT BROADER IMPACTS There are 4 kinds of broader impacts. 1. advance discovery and understanding while promoting teaching, training and learning 2. broaden the participation of underrepresented groups 3. disseminated broadly to enhance scientific and technological understanding 4. benefits of the proposed activity to society