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The effect of divergent and parallel selection on the genomic landscape of divergence
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  • Hisham Ali,
  • Tim Coulson,
  • Sonya Clegg,
  • Claudio Quilodrán
Hisham Ali
Oxford University

Corresponding Author:hisham.ali@biology.ox.ac.uk

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Tim Coulson
Oxford University
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Sonya Clegg
Oxford University
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Claudio Quilodrán
Oxford University
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Abstract

While the role of selection in divergence along the speciation continuum is theoretically well understood, defining specific signatures of selection in the genomic landscape of divergence is empirically challenging. Modelling approaches can provide insight into the potential role of selection on the emergence of a heterogenous genomic landscape of divergence. Here, we extend and apply an individual-based approach that simulates the phenotypic and genotypic distributions of two populations under a variety of selection regimes, genotype-phenotype maps, modes of migration, and genotype-environment interactions. We show that genomic islands of high differentiation and genomic valleys of similarity may respectively form under divergent and parallel selection between populations. For both types of between-population selection, negative and positive frequency-dependent selection within populations generated genomic islands of higher magnitude and genomic valleys of similarity respectively. Divergence rates decreased under strong dominance with divergent selection, as well as in models including genotype-environment interactions under parallel selection. For both divergent and parallel selection models, divergence rate was higher under an intermittent migration regime between populations, in contrast to a constant level of migration across generations, despite an equal number of total migrants. We highlight that interpreting a particular evolutionary history from an observed genomic pattern must be done cautiously, as similar patterns may be obtained from different combinations of evolutionary processes. Modelling approaches such as ours provide an opportunity to narrow the potential routes that generate the genomic patterns of specific evolutionary histories.
19 Jul 2023Submitted to Molecular Ecology
20 Jul 2023Submission Checks Completed
20 Jul 2023Assigned to Editor
20 Jul 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
20 Jul 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
26 Sep 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
25 Oct 20231st Revision Received
26 Oct 2023Submission Checks Completed
26 Oct 2023Assigned to Editor
26 Oct 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
16 Nov 2023Editorial Decision: Accept