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COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization due to SARS-CoV-2: A test negative design study based on SARI sentinel surveillance in Spain
  • +26
  • Clara Mazagatos,
  • Concepción Delgado-Sanz,
  • Susana Monge,
  • Francisco Pozo,
  • Jesús Oliva,
  • Virginia Sandonis,
  • Ana Gandarillas,
  • Carmen Quiñones-Rubio,
  • Cristina Ruiz-Sopeña,
  • Virtudes Gallardo-García,
  • Luca Basile,
  • María Isabel Barranco-Boada,
  • Olga Hidalgo-Pardo,
  • Olalla Vazquez-Cancela,
  • Miriam García-Vázquez,
  • Amelia Fernández-Sierra,
  • Ana Milagro-Beamonte,
  • María Ordobás,
  • Eva Martínez-Ochoa,
  • Socorro Fernández-Arribas,
  • Nicola Lorusso,
  • Ana Martinez,
  • Ana García-Fulgueiras,
  • Bartolomé Sastre-Palou,
  • Isabel Losada-Castillo,
  • Silvia Martínez-Cuenca,
  • Mar Rodríguez-del Águila,
  • Miriam Latorre-Millán,
  • Amparo Larrauri
Clara Mazagatos
Carlos III Health Institute

Corresponding Author:cmazagatos@isciii.es

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Concepción Delgado-Sanz
Carlos III Health Institute
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Susana Monge
Carlos III Health Institute
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Francisco Pozo
Carlos III Health Institute
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Jesús Oliva
Carlos III Health Institute
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Virginia Sandonis
Carlos III Health Institute
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Ana Gandarillas
Dirección General de Salud Pública
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Carmen Quiñones-Rubio
Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consumo y Cuidados
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Cristina Ruiz-Sopeña
Junta de Castilla y León Dirección General de Salud Pública
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Virtudes Gallardo-García
Junta de Andalucia
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Luca Basile
Agencia de Salud Pública de Cataluña
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María Isabel Barranco-Boada
Región de Murcia Consejería de Salud
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Olga Hidalgo-Pardo
Hospital Universitari Son Espases
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Olalla Vazquez-Cancela
Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela
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Miriam García-Vázquez
Gobierno de Aragon
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Amelia Fernández-Sierra
Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves
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Ana Milagro-Beamonte
Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet
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María Ordobás
Dirección General de Salud Pública
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Eva Martínez-Ochoa
Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consumo y Cuidados, Servicio de Epidemiología y Prevención Sanitaria
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Socorro Fernández-Arribas
Junta de Castilla y León Dirección General de Salud Pública
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Nicola Lorusso
Junta de Andalucía
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Ana Martinez
Agencia de Salud Pública de Cataluña
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Ana García-Fulgueiras
Región de Murcia Consejería de Salud
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Bartolomé Sastre-Palou
Hospital Universitari Son Espases
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Isabel Losada-Castillo
Xunta de Galicia Conselleria de Sanidade
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Silvia Martínez-Cuenca
Gobierno de Aragon
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Mar Rodríguez-del Águila
Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves
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Miriam Latorre-Millán
Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet
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Amparo Larrauri
Carlos III Health Institute
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Abstract

Background: With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, influenza surveillance systems in Spain were transformed into a new syndromic sentinel surveillance system. The Acute Respiratory Infection Surveillance System (SiVIRA in Spanish) is based on a sentinel network for Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) surveillance in Primary care, and a network of sentinel hospitals for Severe ARI (SARI) surveillance in hospitals. Methods: Using a test-negative design and data from SARI admissions notified to SiVIRA between January 1 and October 3, 2021, we estimated COVID-19 VE against hospitalization, by age group, vaccine type, time since vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 variant. Results: VE was 89% (95% CI: 83-93) against COVID-19 hospitalization overall in persons aged 20 years and older. VE was higher for mRNA vaccines, and lower for those aged 80 years and older, with a decrease in protection beyond 3 months of completing vaccination, and a further decrease after 5 months. We found no differences between periods with circulation of Alpha or Delta SARS-CoV-2 variants, although variant-specific VE was slightly higher against Alpha. Conclusions: The SiVIRA surveillance system, with a network of sentinel hospitals in Spain was able to describe clinical and epidemiological characteristics of SARI hospitalizations, monitor the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses, and provide data to measure the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in the population under surveillance. Our results add to evidence of high VE of mRNA vaccines against severe COVID-19 and waning protection with time since vaccination.
17 Feb 2022Submitted to Influenza and other respiratory viruses
19 Feb 2022Submission Checks Completed
19 Feb 2022Assigned to Editor
28 Feb 2022Reviewer(s) Assigned
30 May 2022Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
02 Jun 2022Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
14 Jun 20221st Revision Received
07 Jul 2022Submission Checks Completed
07 Jul 2022Assigned to Editor
08 Jul 2022Editorial Decision: Accept