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The Role of Active Soil Carbon in Influencing the Profitability of Fertilizer Use: Empirical Evidence from Smallholder Maize Plots in Tanzania
  • Jordan Chamberlin,
  • TS Jayne,
  • S Snapp
Jordan Chamberlin
CIMMYT Kenya

Corresponding Author:j.chamberlin@cgiar.org

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TS Jayne
Michigan State University
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S Snapp
Michigan State University
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Abstract

We use recent plot-level panel data from Tanzanian smallholder farmers to investigate maize yield responses to inorganic fertilizer under variable soil carbon conditions. Unlike many prior studies which consider total carbon measurements, we focus on active soil carbon, which is the component that most influences key soil functions, such as nutrient cycling and availability. Active soil organic carbon is found to strongly influence maize yield response to nitrogen fertilizer. These results highlight important sources of variation in the returns to fertilizer investments across plots and smallholder farmers in the region. When farmgate prices for maize and fertilizer are incorporated into calculations of economic returns, we find that the profitability of fertilizer use is strongly dependent upon farmgate price ratio assumptions: under our most optimistic agronomic response estimates, 71% of farmer plots have an average value-cost ratio (AVCR) greater than 1.5 at a maize-nitrogen price ratio of 0.15. That share drops to 30% at a price ratio of 0.12 and 2% at a price ratio of 0.09. Our findings provide insights into the intertwined biophysical and economic underpinnings of low levels of fertilizer use in Tanzania and elsewhere in the region. Raising active carbon stocks in smallholder systems may be a strategic priority in many areas for incentivizing greater use of inorganic fertilizer, reversing land degradation, and achieving sustainable agricultural intensification.
09 Apr 2020Submitted to Land Degradation & Development
11 Apr 2020Submission Checks Completed
11 Apr 2020Assigned to Editor
05 Jul 2020Reviewer(s) Assigned
03 Sep 2020Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
04 Sep 2020Editorial Decision: Revise Major
30 Nov 20201st Revision Received
30 Nov 2020Submission Checks Completed
30 Nov 2020Assigned to Editor
08 Mar 2021Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
08 Mar 2021Editorial Decision: Accept