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\begin{document}

\title{Radiosynthesis~ challenges of \textsuperscript{11}C and
\textsuperscript{18}F-labeled~ amino acid radiotracers in the FX2C/N
tracerlab and their validation through~ PET-MR imaging}



\author[1]{SRSTT Radiopharmaconnect}%
\affil[1]{Radiopharmaconnect}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{April 24, 2024}


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\includegraphics[width=0.70\columnwidth]{figures/CAFACHEM1/CAFACHEM1}

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\textbf{Authors:~Nerella Sridhar Goud}\textsuperscript{\textbf{1\#}},
Raman Kumar Joshi\textsuperscript{1\#}, Nerella Sridhar
Goud\textsuperscript{1\#}, Chandana Nagaraj\textsuperscript{1}, Rose
Dawn Bharath\textsuperscript{1}, Pardeep Kumar\textsuperscript{1}*

\textsuperscript{1} Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional
Radiology (NI \& IR), National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro
Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore 560 029, India. \textbf{}

\textbf{Background}

Glucose is the renowned source of the energy for the cancer growth but
amino acids (AAs) are also important fuel for the rapid proliferation of
the cancer cells. Therefore, fluorine-18 {[}\textsuperscript{18}F{]} and
carbon-11 {[}\textsuperscript{11}C{]} based AAs are widely in use due to
inherit limitations of 1{[}\textsuperscript{18}F{]}FDG for
neuro-disorders application.

\emph{}

\textbf{Aims}

To prove radio synthesis challenges of \textsuperscript{11}C and
\textsuperscript{18}F-labeled amino acid radiotracers in the FX2C/N
tracerlab and their validation through PET-MR imaging.

\par\null

\textbf{Methods}

~~~~~~ We have used FX2C and FX2N Tracerlab modules for the synthesis of
the {[}\textsuperscript{11}C{]}methionine,
{[}\textsuperscript{18}F{]}choline and {[}\textsuperscript{18}F{]}dopa.
{[}\textsuperscript{18}F{]}dopa was synthesized via Nucleophilic pathway
in FX2N module. 11C-methionine was standardized in FX2C module using two
different precursors. {[}18F{]}choline was synthesized using
dimethylaminoethanol precursor and purified using cartridge-based
method.

\par\null

\textbf{Results and Conclusion}

The radiochemical purity of D-{[}\textsuperscript{11}C{]}, and
L-{[}\textsuperscript{11}C{]}methionine were 4.6 \selectlanguage{ngerman}± 3.2 \% and 95.4 ±
3.6\% . {[}\textsuperscript{18}F{]}fluoromethylcholine was prepared with
high radiochemical yield of 97.3 ± 2.6 \% with yield of 8 ± 3\%.
L-{[}18F{]}-dopa was synthesized with high radiochemical yield of 95.8 ±
1.4\% with 15 ± 3\% yield. The adaptation of
{[}\textsuperscript{18}F{]}dopa synthesis to FX2N module via designing
synthesis sequence and purified through on-line HPLC has provided high
radiochemical purity. PET-MR imaging using these tracers have validated
the synthesis and their availability for future clinical applications.

\par\null

\textbf{References}

\textbf{1.} Chaturvedi, S., \& Mishra, A. K. (2016). Small molecule
radiopharmaceuticals - A review of current approaches. \emph{Frontiers
in Medicine}.

\textbf{2.} Guideline, I. H. T. (2005). ICH Q3C(R6) Impurities:
Guideline for residual solvents Q3C (R5). \emph{Current Step}.

\textbf{3.} Ha, N. S., Sadeghi, S., \& van Dam, R. M. (2017). Recent
progress toward microfluidic quality control testing of
radiopharmaceuticals. \emph{Micromachines}.

\par\null\selectlanguage{english}
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\includegraphics[width=0.70\columnwidth]{figures/CAFACHEM/CAFACHEM}

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\end{figure}

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