The study of micro-morphological characterization, which involves examining the microscopic features of plant parts, is essential for accurate species identification and key preparation, especially in taxonomically complex groups like Murdannia. Given this background, Murdannia species were collected and maintained in a botanical garden for further study. A proper herbarium specimen was identified using a standard reference book and the Flora of Maharashtra (1996). Micro-morphological characterization of 4 different species of Murdannia–viz. Murdannia gigantea (Vahl) G. Bruckn, Murdannia lanuginosa (Wall.) G. Bruckn, Murdannia Nudiflora (L.) Brenan, and Murdannia semiteres (Dalzell) Santapau were done based on different external characters and flower morphology. This study will help the researchers identify the correct species of Murdannia. The proximity matrix shows the difference between the four species.

Particularly in dry and semi-arid areas, soil salinity and phosphorus deficiency are major factors limiting agricultural productivity (Rhoades and Loveday, 1990). For possible application in saline soil management, the current work sought to separate and describe salt-tolerant phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) from rhizospheric soil samples. Soil samples were collected from saline-affected agricultural fields, and serial dilutions were plated on Pikovskaya’s agar to screen for PSB based on halo zone formation. Selected isolates were further evaluated for quantitative phosphate solubilization in liquid media and tested for salt tolerance on media supplemented with increasing concentrations of NaCl (0–10%). Several isolates demonstrated efficient phosphate solubilization and sustained growth at NaCl concentrations of up to 7%, indicating moderate to high salt tolerance. These strains hold promise as bioinoculants for improving phosphorus availability and promoting plant growth in saline environments. Further studies, including molecular identification and greenhouse trials, are recommended to assess their efficacy under field conditions.