Ali Ghaffarian

and 2 more

Accreditation is an approach to assessing the quality of hospital services. In most of the world, accreditation is carried out with the same standards, regardless of the size and type of hospital. We aim to develop specific accreditation modules for small and special hospitals. The research was conducted in three phases: review, qualitative, and quantitative. In the first phase, a scoping review was conducted to identify the accreditation axes of the target hospitals. In the second phase, and during a descriptive qualitative study, through in-depth semi-structured interviews with key informants in the field of accreditation, the accreditation modules of the target hospitals were identified. The initial model, including the modules obtained from the first and second phases, entered the third phase, a modified classical Delphi. The final accreditation modules of small and special hospitals were extracted using descriptive statistics (median). India, Australia, and the Joint Accreditation Commission of the United States have taken steps to develop accreditation standards for small hospitals and special hospitals, respectively. The specific modules for small and special hospitals were finalized under the following headings: leadership and management, continuous quality improvement, inpatient care (small hospitals), specialized care (special hospitals), patient safety and infection control, outpatient and para-clinical services, patient engagement, and medication management. The general framework for accreditation at the module level is more or less the same for all hospitals. Nevertheless, by systematically developing and implementing specific standards, this approach is expected to improve accreditation processes further and elevate healthcare delivery in small and specialty hospitals.