Understanding the spatial ecology of amphibians is essential for assessing the factors that shape population dynamics and habitat selection in heterogeneous, patchy populations. Monkey leaf frog (Phyllomedusa iheringii Boulenger, 1885) is endemic to the Uruguayan Savanna in Pampa of southernmost Brazil and Uruguay, an ecoregion threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation. This study investigated how breeding pond features influence displacement among ponds, breeding pond temporal occupancy, and abundance in P. iheringii. Field surveys were conducted over three reproductive periods (2018–2021) in 12 permanent ponds, using individual photo-identification to track individual movements. Our results indicate that the local abundance of individuals significantly influenced emigration rates, with higher densities associated with increased emigration, likely reflecting trade-offs between habitat availability and population density. The percentage of arboreal/shrubby edge vegetation was the strongest predictor of immigration and individual abundance, which in turn increased emigration rates from the pond. The strong influence of pond edge vegetation suggests that the dispersal of individuals relies on visual or chemical cues rather than acoustic conspecific attraction. Breeding pond temporal occupancy was higher in ponds with more individuals, possibly because of the mitigating effect of the abundance of individuals on deleterious stochastic effects. These findings indicate that movement and pond selection in P. iheringii are driven by a combination of local and social factors. The strong association between edge vegetation, abundance of individuals, and immigration rates highlights the importance of preserving edge vegetation to maintain resilient and connected populations.