Acoustic communication is crucial in many animal taxa for mate selection, foraging coordination, and predator avoidance. While fishes represent a significant portion of vertebrate biodiversity, their acoustic communication remains understudied. Anemonefishes (Amphiprion spp.) exhibit complex social behaviours and vocalisations, yet their acoustic signals have primarily been studied in laboratory settings, limiting our understanding of their natural communication. In this study, we examined the vocal behaviour of wild Amphiprion percula in Papua New Guinea, collecting in situ audio and video recordings to assess the role of vocalisations in social interactions. Our findings suggest that A. percula produces distinct vocalisations across multiple social contexts, with variations in acoustic parameters influenced by behaviour and social rank. We highlight the importance of acoustic communication in interspecific and intraspecific interactions and its role in territorial defence, and the classification of vocalisations in behavioural categories. Additionally, we discuss the potential impact of anthropogenic noise, such as motorboat activity, on anemonefish communication through acoustic masking. These results emphasize the importance of in situ studies for understanding fish bioacoustics and suggest that acoustic signals play a key role in maintaining social hierarchy and cohesion in anemonefish groups. Future research should explore species-specific vocal diversity in situ and assess the ecological implications of noise pollution on coral reef fish communication.