Understanding species distributions across Antarctica is crucial for biodiversity conservation under climate change, but continental-scale analyses of key terrestrial species remain scarce. Here, we modelled distributions of 28 moss species across Antarctica using Log-Gaussian Cox Process models and environmental covariates including topographic wetness index, distance to seabird colonies, and temperature. Broad-scale distributions were primarily driven by proximity to seabird colonies, while species exhibited distinct responses to water availability and temperature. Species exclusive to maritime Antarctica showed negative relationships with topographic wetness index, whereas continent-wide species responded positively to water accumulation potential, reflecting regional differences in water availability and habitat preferences. Bias-corrected predictions revealed highest moss diversity in coastal regions, with inland areas supporting ecologically distinct assemblages. Our Bayesian modelling approach provides a foundation for forecasting biodiversity responses to environmental change in data-poor systems, offering critical insights for evidence-based conservation planning under increasing anthropogenic pressures.