Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) remains a leading cause of respiratory illness, particularly affecting infants, older adults, and immunocompromised individuals. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and current management strategies for RSV, highlighting the urgent need for effective vaccines and antiviral therapies. The study emphasizes integrating RSV vaccination into routine immunization schedules for high-risk populations and improving diagnostic capabilities. It calls for targeted public health interventions, strengthened preventive measures, and further research on vaccine optimization and novel therapeutic approaches. These steps are essential to reduce RSV-associated morbidity and mortality, ultimately improving global respiratory health.