IntroductionDouble-J (DJ) stents are essential and frequently utilized devices in urology. Typically, the DJ stent must be replaced or removed within 6 weeks to 6 months to prevent issues such as encrustation, stone formation, fractures, and blockages. Unfortunately, in numerous instances, the stent is neglected[1].It was first introduced to practice in 1967 by Zimskind et al[2]. Stents help maintain the ureter patent, promote the resolution of edema, and facilitate healing of mucosal injuries. As a result, they are regarded as an effective approach in the postoperative care of patients with conditions such as ureteric calculi, ureteric strictures, retroperitoneal tumors or fibrosis, uretero-pelvic junction obstruction, or any iatrogenic ureteric injuries.The longer the duration of DJ stent the more likely to development of stone. It has been reported that the rates of stent encrustation are 9.2%, 47.5%, and 76.3% when the stent remains in place for 6 weeks, 6–12 weeks, and over 12 weeks, respectively[3].Forgotten DJ stents can lead to serious complications. The educational level of patients and their families, as well as counseling provided before and after the procedure, could be crucial in minimizing stent-related issues[1].Initial efforts to remove encrusted ureteral stents can be difficult. The approach depends on the extent of stone formation and encrustation at both ends of the stent. Various methods have been used to remove encrusted stents, including open surgery, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL), cystolitholapaxy, ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy, and cystolitholapaxy[4].This paper discusses a case of a patient with a long-term neglected DJ stent, originally inserted five years ago after stone removal surgery, which eventually caused the formation of a bladder stone and renal stone, following the updated consensus-based case report (SCARE) guidelines.
