Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder associated with hemorrhagic diathesis, attributed to excessive platelet destruction or impaired generation. Macrophages are pivotal in ITP, yet their precise mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Objective: Using bibliometric and visual analytical methods, this study aims to sort out and analyze the research progress of ITP-associated macrophages over the past two decades to uncover the topical and evolving currents in the area. Methods: Utilizing software including CiteSpace, VOSviewer, Scimago Graphica, and Microsoft Excel, we conducted a quantitative analysis of literature retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database, encompassing January 1, 2005, to October 18, 2024. Results: 1,025 documents were screened, involving 6,896 authors from 1,832 institutions across 78 countries, published in 433 journals. The annual publication trend from 2005 to 2021 demonstrated an upward trajectory, with a notable increase post-2020. The United States and China are the most critical nations contributing to this subject. Prominent authors include Hou, Ming, and Arepally, GM, with critical journals such as Blood and the Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Co-occurrence network analysis of keywords revealed research foci on inflammatory responses, autoimmune diseases, and platelet coagulation mechanisms. Conclusion: Research on macrophages related to ITP has made significant strides Over the preceding 20 years, particularly in unearthing the mechanisms underlying macrophage activity in ITP. This study establishes a systematic framework for work endeavors and indicates potential therapeutic targets and emerging trends.