Across a broad spectrum, photonics facilitates thermal management by manipulating electromagnetic waves in energy devices, enhancing energy production and efficiency. The light-matter interaction should be explored not only from the perspective of their individual heating/cooling functions but also for their mutual utilization. Here, we review recent advancements in thermal management strategies from a photonic systems viewpoint, presenting the comprehensive strategy that spans heating and cooling. We focus on strategically designed photonics, considering material properties that interact with the long-wave infrared spectrum at wavelengths from 8 to 13 μm, which are optimized for thermal emissions, and utilize the ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrum of the solar irradiance band for photothermal heating. Furthermore, exploring the potential for utilizing multiple wavelengths simultaneously forms the basis of a comprehensive photonics design strategy that leverages a broad spectrum of wavelength bands. This review evaluates the role of photonics in temperature control, thermoelectric generation, steam production, photocatalytic reactions, and radiative cooling, concluding with a discussion of the challenges and future directions in photonics for energy systems, highlighting the importance of a deep understanding of these interactions to maximize their potential.