Based on Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) data during 2008-2021, this paper combines it with socio-economic factors at the county/city level and uses the truncated Tobit model to examine the impact of regional economic differences on end-of-life (EOL) medical and nursing costs of the elderly in China. The results show that: (1) There is a U-shaped relationship between counties’ GDP per capita and EOL medical expenses. The law also applies to the effects of GDP per capita on self-paid medical cost and on nursing expenses. (2) Eastern counties’ GDP per capita lie in the upward range of the U-shaped curve while western and central regions are still in the declining range. (3) Along with the counties’ economic development, the aging population will place a heavy burden on social security system. (4) Savings accumulated during economic development makes more non-healthy elderly surviving with illness. The overall health level of the elderly in economically developed areas is lower than that in economically backward areas.