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EFFECT OF STAT5A 13516 GENE ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF ABERDEEN ANGUS COWS

Bondarev A. Ya

and 2 more

Genetic defects that result from mutations negatively affect animal health and productivity. The cytokine signaling pathway opens a whole world of study of signal transducers and activator proteins (STATs). These transcription factors play an important role in cellular processes, acting not only as signal transducers in the cytoplasm but also as activators of transcription in the nucleus. The gene was chosen because of its influence on reproduction processes in different animal species. About 12 genes have been discovered that affect the fertilization process and embryo survival in ruminants. The STAT5A 13516 gene regulates interferon-γ (IFNT) transmission, controls prolactin levels and activation of milk protein expression. Currently, many alterations of this gene have been discovered that affect the reproductive qualities of animals. The article presents the results of the study of STAT5A_13516 gene polymorphism and its influence on the reproductive ability of Aberdeen Angus cows. The study aims to investigate the relationship between STAT5A_13516 genotype and the duration of productive use of cows. Aberdeen-Angus cows (n=164) of the farm ”APF ”Nasha Zhitnitsa” located in Gagarinsky district of Smolensk region were selected as the study sample. The study focused on the analysis of several key indicators: age of the first insemination of heifers, duration of the interbreeding period, live weight at the first insemination of heifers, calf yield, Doha fertility index and reproductive capacity coefficient. It was found that polymorphism of STAT5A_13516 gene is represented by two alleles T and G, respectively 3 genotypes: GG, TG, TT. The T allele is associated with decreased fertility in cattle. During the study it was found that cows with STAT5ATT genotype, which are homozygous for this gene, had worse performance compared to groups of cows (STAT5ATG and STAT5AGG). Further use of these cows in the farm is inexpedient, it can lead to a decrease in reproduction of healthy calves and an increase in financial costs for their maintenance.