Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors (S1PR)
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors regulate fundamental biological
processes such as cell proliferation and migration. In the context of
cancer, S1P receptors have been implicated in modulating immune cell
trafficking, activation, and overall composition of the tumor
microenvironment (Maceyka, Harikumar, Milstien, & Spiegel, 2012). S1P
receptors, particularly S1PR1 and S1PR3, are involved in releasing
lymphocytes from lymphoid organs and regulating their migration to
tumors. Activation of S1P receptors on immune cells can also impact
their proliferation and functionality (Nagahashi, Abe, Sakimura, Takabe,
& Wakai, 2018). Small molecules that modulate S1P receptors activity,
including sphingosine analogs and selective receptor agonists or
antagonists, are being explored for their potential in cancer
immunotherapy (Maceyka et al. , 2012).