Ras - MAPK pathway
Research has demonstrated that GPCR activation can promote cell
proliferation and inhibit apoptosis through the Ras-MAPK-pathway
(Santarpia, Lippman, & El-Naggar, 2012). Ras proteins can be activated
by the Gαq or Gβγ subunit, triggering
the Raf-MEK-MAPK kinase cascade. The mitogen-activated protein kinases
(MAPK) pathway are highly involved in tumorigenesis, thus becoming
potential therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.