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\begin{document}

\title{The Ingelfinger to Open Science\\}


 \author{The Authorea Team}


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The Ingelfinger rule is a policy started by Franz Ingelfinger~in 1969
(\cite{1969}.). Franz, the editor of \emph{The New England
Journal of Medicine} at the time, implemented the policy in order to
protect the originality of the journal's publications-- and in effect
created arguably one of the most important barriers to open science and
preprints today.\\

The
\href{http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=13488}{Ingelfinger
rule}~is a policy of considering a manuscript for publication only if it
has not been submitted elsewhere, including preprint repositories (like
Authorea) and personal websites. This policy has been adopted by many
other scientific journals, under the pretense that it encourages authors
to get their work peer-reviewed~before it is published
(\cite{Angell_1991}).\\\selectlanguage{english}
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This scientific embargo system, in essence, protects a journal more so
than it does a scientist. By assuring that content is new and fresh,
journals are able to maintain a monopoly on the market. Controlling what
information gets shared, when it gets shared, and for how much it gets
shared for restricts timely communication, access to findings, and the
reuse of them. Arguably, scientists remain largely
\href{https://www.authorea.com/users/98132/articles/119015/_show_article}{monogamous}
in their journal choices due to policies like the Ingelfinger rule. ~But
with the rise of new ways to communicate findings like preprints and new
models of peer review like open post-publication peer review, is it time
to reconsider the Ingelfinger rule or do away with it all together?\\

In direct contradiction to the nature of science and scientific
discovery, the Ingelfinger rule discourages the spread of valuable
information. Rather than encouraging peer review, this rule promotes
secrecy and possessiveness of scientific discovery. Frightened of
disseminating information for fear of disqualifying their publishing
status, scientists are far less likely to have a wide range of
reviewers.\\

Scientific communication is in the midst of major changes. Open access,
open data, and open peer review are coming, and rules like Ingelfinger's
are proving themselves to be increasingly outdated and counterintuitive.
Publishing work openly and freely is in the spirit of development, and
it's now \href{http://authorea.com}{easier than ever}.~

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