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\title{Acta Psychologica Template}


\author[ ]{Josh Nicholson}

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\date{}

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Submission to this journal proceeds totally online and you will be
guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of your files. The
system automatically converts your files to a single PDF file, which is
used in the peer-review process.\\

As part of the Your Paper Your Way service, you may choose to submit
your manuscript as a single file to be used in the refereeing process.
This can be a PDF file or a Word document, in any format or lay-out that
can be used by referees to evaluate your manuscript. It should contain
high enough quality figures for refereeing. If you prefer to do so, you
may still provide all or some of the source files at the initial
submission. Please note that individual figure files larger than 10 MB
must be uploaded separately.\\

\textbf{\emph{References}}~\\

There are no strict requirements on reference formatting at submission.
References can be in any style or format as long as the style is
consistent. Where applicable, author(s) name(s), journal title/book
title, chapter title/article title, year of publication, volume
number/book chapter and the pagination must be present. Use of DOI is
highly encouraged. The reference style used by the journal will be
applied to the accepted article by Elsevier at the proof stage. Note
that missing data will be highlighted at proof stage for the author to
correct.\\

\textbf{\emph{Formatting requirements}}~\\

There are no strict formatting requirements but all manuscripts must
contain the essential elements needed to convey your manuscript, for
example Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Materials and Methods,
Results, Conclusions, Artwork and Tables with Captions.\\

If your article includes any Videos and/or other Supplementary material,
this should be included in your initial submission for peer review
purposes.\\

Divide the article into clearly defined sections.\\

\textbf{\emph{Figures and tables embedded in text}}~\\

Please ensure the figures and the tables included in the single file are
placed next to the relevant text in the manuscript, rather than at the
bottom or the top of the file.\\

\textbf{REVISED SUBMISSIONS}\\

\textbf{\emph{Use of word processing software}}~\\

Regardless of the file format of the original submission, at revision
you must provide us with an editable file of the entire article. Keep
the layout of the text as simple as possible. Most formatting codes will
be removed and replaced on processing the article. The electronic text
should be prepared in a way very similar to that of conventional
manuscripts (see also
the~\href{http://www.elsevier.com/guidepublication}{Guide to Publishing
with Elsevier}). See also the section on Electronic artwork.~\\

To avoid unnecessary errors you are strongly advised to use the
`spell-check' and `grammar-check' functions of your word processor.\\

\textbf{Article structure}\\

\textbf{\emph{Subdivision - numbered sections}}~\\

Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections.
Subsections should be numbered 1.1 (then 1.1.1, 1.1.2, \ldots{}), 1.2,
etc. (the abstract is not included in section numbering). Use this
numbering also for internal cross-referencing: do not just refer to `the
text'. Any subsection may be given a brief heading. Each heading should
appear on its own separate line.\\

\textbf{\emph{Introduction}}~\\

State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background,
avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.\\

\textbf{\emph{Conclusions}}~\\

The main conclusions of the study may be presented in a short
Conclusions section, which may stand alone or form a subsection of a
Discussion or Results and Discussion section.\\

\textbf{\emph{Appendices}}~\\

If there is more than one appendix, they should be identified as A, B,
etc. Formulae and equations in appendices should be given separate
numbering: Eq. (A.1), Eq. (A.2), etc.; in a subsequent appendix, Eq.
(B.1) and so on. Similarly for tables and figures: Table A.1; Fig. A.1,
etc.\\

\textbf{Essential title page information}~\\

*~\emph{\textbf{Title.}}~Concise and informative. Titles are often used
in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where
possible.\\

*~\emph{\textbf{Author names and affiliations.}}~Please clearly indicate
the given name(s) and family name(s) of each author and check that all
names are accurately spelled. Present the authors' affiliation addresses
(where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate all
affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the
author's name and in front of the appropriate address. Provide the full
postal address of each affiliation, including the country name and, if
available, the e-mail address of each author.\\

*~\emph{\textbf{Corresponding author.}}~Clearly indicate who will handle
correspondence at all stages of refereeing and publication, also
post-publication.~\textbf{Ensure that the e-mail address is given and
that contact details are kept up to date by the corresponding author.}\\

*~\emph{\textbf{Present/permanent address.}}~If an author has moved
since the work described in the article was done, or was visiting at the
time, a `Present address' (or `Permanent address') may be indicated as a
footnote to that author's name. The address at which the author actually
did the work must be retained as the main, affiliation address.
Superscript Arabic numerals are used for such footnotes.\\

\textbf{Abstract}~\\

A concise and factual abstract is required. The abstract should state
briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results and major
conclusions. An abstract is often presented separately from the article,
so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, References should be
avoided, but if essential, then cite the author(s) and year(s). Also,
non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if
essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract
itself.\\

\textbf{\emph{Graphical abstract}}~\\

Although a graphical abstract is optional, its use is encouraged as it
draws more attention to the online article. The graphical abstract
should summarize the contents of the article in a concise, pictorial
form designed to capture the attention of a wide readership. Graphical
abstracts should be submitted as a separate file in the online
submission system. Image size: Please provide an image with a minimum of
531 \selectlanguage{ngerman}× 1328 pixels (h × w) or proportionally more. The image should be
readable at a size of 5 × 13 cm using a regular screen resolution of 96
dpi. Preferred file types: TIFF, EPS, PDF or MS Office files. You can
view~\href{http://www.elsevier.com/graphicalabstracts}{Example Graphical
Abstracts}~on our information site.\\

Authors can make use of Elsevier's Illustration and Enhancement service
to ensure the best presentation of their images and in accordance with
all technical
requirements:~\href{http://webshop.elsevier.com/illustrationservices/ImagePolishing/gap/requestForm.cfm}{Illustration
Service}.\\

\textbf{\emph{Highlights}}~\\

Highlights are mandatory for this journal. They consist of a short
collection of bullet points that convey the core findings of the article
and should be submitted in a separate editable file in the online
submission system. Please use `Highlights' in the file name and include
3 to 5 bullet points (maximum 85 characters, including spaces, per
bullet point). You can
view~\href{http://www.elsevier.com/highlights}{example Highlights}~on
our information site.\\

\textbf{Keywords}~\\

Immediately after the abstract, provide a maximum of 6 keywords, using
American spelling and avoiding general and plural terms and multiple
concepts (avoid, for example, `and', `of'). Be sparing with
abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be
eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.\\

\textbf{\emph{Classification codes}}~\\

Kindly provide PsycINFO codes. See the webpage:\\

\url{http://www.apa.org/pubs/databases/training/class-codes.aspx}\\

\textbf{\emph{Acknowledgements}}~\\

Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the article
before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title
page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise. List here those
individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing
language help, writing assistance or proof reading the article, etc.).\\

\textbf{\emph{Formatting of funding sources}}~\\

List funding sources in this standard way to facilitate compliance to
funder's requirements:\\

Funding: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health
{[}grant numbers xxxx, yyyy{]}; the Bill \& Melinda Gates Foundation,
Seattle, WA {[}grant number zzzz{]}; and the United States Institutes of
Peace {[}grant number aaaa{]}.\\

It is not necessary to include detailed descriptions on the program or
type of grants and awards. When funding is from a block grant or other
resources available to a university, college, or other research
institution, submit the name of the institute or organization that
provided the funding.\\

If no funding has been provided for the research, please include the
following sentence:\\

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies
in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.\\

\textbf{\emph{Footnotes}}~\\

Footnotes should be used sparingly. Number them consecutively throughout
the article. Many word processors build footnotes into the text, and
this feature may be used. Should this not be the case, indicate the
position of footnotes in the text and present the footnotes themselves
separately at the end of the article.\\

\textbf{Artwork}\\

\textbf{\emph{Electronic artwork}}~\\

\emph{General points}\\

* Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original
artwork.~\\

* Preferred fonts: Arial (or Helvetica), Times New Roman (or Times),
Symbol, Courier.~\\

* Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.~\\

* Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.~\\

* Indicate per figure if it is a single, 1.5 or 2-column fitting
image.~\\

* For Word submissions only, you may still provide figures and their
captions, and tables within a single file at the revision stage.~\\

* Please note that individual figure files larger than 10 MB must be
provided in separate source files.\\

A detailed~\href{http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions}{guide on
electronic artwork}~is available.\\

\textbf{You are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the
detailed information are given here.}~\\

\emph{Formats}~\\

Regardless of the application used, when your electronic artwork is
finalized, please `save as' or convert the images to one of the
following formats (note the resolution requirements for line drawings,
halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below):~\\

EPS (or PDF): Vector drawings. Embed the font or save the text as
`graphics'.~\\

TIFF (or JPG): Color or grayscale photographs (halftones): always use a
minimum of 300 dpi.~\\

TIFF (or JPG): Bitmapped line drawings: use a minimum of 1000 dpi.~\\

TIFF (or JPG): Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or
grayscale): a minimum of 500 dpi is required.~\\

\textbf{Please do not:}~\\

* Supply files that are optimized for screen use (e.g., GIF, BMP, PICT,
WPG); the resolution is too low.~\\

* Supply files that are too low in resolution.~\\

* Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.\\

\textbf{\emph{Color artwork}}~\\

Please make sure that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF
(or JPEG), EPS (or PDF), or MS Office files) and with the correct
resolution. If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable
color figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that
these figures will appear in color online (e.g., ScienceDirect and other
sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced
in color in the printed version.~\textbf{For color reproduction in
print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Elsevier
after receipt of your accepted article}. Please indicate your preference
for color: in print or online
only.~\href{http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions}{Further
information on the preparation of electronic artwork}.\\

\textbf{\emph{Figure captions}}~\\

Ensure that each illustration has a caption. A caption should comprise a
brief title (\textbf{not}~on the figure itself) and a description of the
illustration. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but
explain all symbols and abbreviations used.\\

\textbf{Tables}~\\

Please submit tables as editable text and not as images. Tables can be
placed either next to the relevant text in the article, or on separate
page(s) at the end. Number tables consecutively in accordance with their
appearance in the text and place any table notes below the table body.
Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in
them do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the article. Please
avoid using vertical rules.\\

\textbf{References}\\

\textbf{\emph{Citation in text}}~\\

Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in
the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the
abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal
communications are not recommended in the reference list, but may be
mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference
list they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and
should include a substitution of the publication date with either
`Unpublished results' or `Personal communication'. Citation of a
reference as `in press' implies that the item has been accepted for
publication.\\

\textbf{\emph{Web references}}~\\

As a minimum, the full URL should be given and the date when the
reference was last accessed. Any further information, if known (DOI,
author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should
also be given. Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the
reference list) under a different heading if desired, or can be included
in the reference list.\\

\textbf{\emph{References in a special issue}}~\\

Please ensure that the words `this issue' are added to any references in
the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same
Special Issue.\\

\textbf{\emph{Reference management software}}~\\

Most Elsevier journals have their reference template available in many
of the most popular reference management software products. These
include all products that
support~\href{http://citationstyles.org/}{Citation Style Language
styles}, such
as~\href{http://www.mendeley.com/features/reference-manager}{Mendeley}~and~\href{http://www.zotero.org/}{Zotero},
as well as~\href{http://endnote.com/downloads/styles}{EndNote}. Using
the word processor plug-ins from these products, authors only need to
select the appropriate journal template when preparing their article,
after which citations and bibliographies will be automatically formatted
in the journal's style. If no template is yet available for this
journal, please follow the format of the sample references and citations
as shown in this Guide.\\

Users of Mendeley Desktop can easily install the reference style for
this journal by clicking the following link:\\

\url{http://open.mendeley.com/use-citation-style/acta-psychologica}\\

When preparing your manuscript, you will then be able to select this
style using the Mendeley plug-ins for Microsoft Word or LibreOffice.\\

\textbf{\emph{Reference formatting}}~\\

There are no strict requirements on reference formatting at submission.
References can be in any style or format as long as the style is
consistent. Where applicable, author(s) name(s), journal title/book
title, chapter title/article title, year of publication, volume
number/book chapter and the pagination must be present. Use of DOI is
highly encouraged. The reference style used by the journal will be
applied to the accepted article by Elsevier at the proof stage. Note
that missing data will be highlighted at proof stage for the author to
correct. If you do wish to format the references yourself they should be
arranged according to the following examples:\\

\textbf{\emph{Reference style}}~\\

\emph{Text:}~Citations in the text should follow the referencing style
used by the American Psychological Association. You are referred to the
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Sixth
Edition, ISBN 978-1-4338-0561-5, copies of which may
be~\href{http://books.apa.org/books.cfm?id=4200067}{ordered online}~or
APA Order Dept., P.O.B. 2710, Hyattsville, MD 20784, USA or APA, 3
Henrietta Street, London, WC3E 8LU, UK.~\\

\emph{List:}~references should be arranged first alphabetically and then
further sorted chronologically if necessary. More than one reference
from the same author(s) in the same year must be identified by the
letters `a', `b', `c', etc., placed after the year of publication.~\\

\emph{Examples:}~\\

Reference to a journal publication:~\\

Van der Geer, J., Hanraads, J. A. J., \& Lupton, R. A. (2010). The art
of writing a scientific article.~\emph{Journal of Scientific
Communications,}~\emph{163}, 51--59.~\\

Reference to a book:~\\

Strunk, W., Jr., \& White, E. B. (2000).~\emph{The elements of
style.}~(4th ed.). New York: Longman, (Chapter 4).~\\

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:~\\

Mettam, G. R., \& Adams, L. B. (2009). How to prepare an electronic
version of your article. In B. S. Jones, \& R. Z. Smith
(Eds.),~\emph{Introduction to the electronic age}~(pp. 281--304). New
York: E-Publishing Inc.\\

Reference to a website:\\

Cancer Research UK. Cancer statistics reports for the UK. (2003).
\url{http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/}
Accessed 13.03.03.\\

\textbf{Video}~\\

Elsevier accepts video material and animation sequences to support and
enhance your scientific research. Authors who have video or animation
files that they wish to submit with their article are strongly
encouraged to include links to these within the body of the article.
This can be done in the same way as a figure or table by referring to
the video or animation content and noting in the body text where it
should be placed. All submitted files should be properly labeled so that
they directly relate to the video file's content. In order to ensure
that your video or animation material is directly usable, please provide
the files in one of our recommended file formats with a preferred
maximum size of 150 MB. Video and animation files supplied will be
published online in the electronic version of your article in Elsevier
Web products,
including~\href{http://www.sciencedirect.com/}{ScienceDirect}. Please
supply `stills' with your files: you can choose any frame from the video
or animation or make a separate image. These will be used instead of
standard icons and will personalize the link to your video data. For
more detailed instructions please visit
our~\href{http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions}{video instruction
pages}. Note: since video and animation cannot be embedded in the print
version of the journal, please provide text for both the electronic and
the print version for the portions of the article that refer to this
content.\\

\textbf{Supplementary material}~\\

Supplementary material can support and enhance your scientific research.
Supplementary files offer the author additional possibilities to publish
supporting applications, high-resolution images, background datasets,
sound clips and more. Please note that such items are published online
exactly as they are submitted; there is no typesetting involved
(supplementary data supplied as an Excel file or as a PowerPoint slide
will appear as such online). Please submit the material together with
the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file.
If you wish to make any changes to supplementary data during any stage
of the process, then please make sure to provide an updated file, and do
not annotate any corrections on a previous version. Please also make
sure to switch off the `Track Changes' option in any Microsoft Office
files as these will appear in the published supplementary file(s). For
more detailed instructions please visit
our~\href{http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions}{artwork
instruction pages}.\\

\textbf{Data in Brief}~\\

Authors have the option of converting any or all parts of their
supplementary or additional raw data into one or multiple Data in Brief
articles, a new kind of article that houses and describes their data.
Data in Brief articles ensure that your data, which is normally buried
in supplementary material, is actively reviewed, curated, formatted,
indexed, given a DOI and publicly available to all upon publication.
Authors are encouraged to submit their Data in Brief article as an
additional item directly alongside the revised version of their
manuscript. If your research article is accepted, your Data in Brief
article will automatically be transferred over to~\emph{Data in
Brief}~where it will be editorially reviewed and published in the new,
open access journal,~\emph{Data in Brief}. Please note an open access
fee is payable for publication in\emph{Data in Brief}. Full details can
be found on
the~\href{http://www.journals.elsevier.com/data-in-brief}{Data in Brief
website}. Please use\href{http://www.elsevier.com/dib-template}{this
template}~to write your Data in Brief.\\

\textbf{AudioSlides}~\\

The journal encourages authors to create an AudioSlides presentation
with their published article. AudioSlides are brief, webinar-style
presentations that are shown next to the online article on
ScienceDirect. This gives authors the opportunity to summarize their
research in their own words and to help readers understand what the
paper is about.~\href{http://www.elsevier.com/audioslides}{More
information and examples are available}. Authors of this journal will
automatically receive an invitation e-mail to create an AudioSlides
presentation after acceptance of their paper.\\

\textbf{Interactive plots}~\\

This journal enables you to show an Interactive Plot with your article
by simply submitting a data
file.~\href{http://www.elsevier.com/interactiveplots}{Full
instructions}.\\

\textbf{Submission checklist}~\\

The following list will be useful during the final checking of an
article prior to sending it to the journal for review. Please consult
this Guide for Authors for further details of any item.~\\

\textbf{Ensure that the following items are present:}~\\

One author has been designated as the corresponding author with contact
details:~\\

* E-mail address~\\

* Full postal address~\\

All necessary files have been uploaded, and contain:~\\

* Keywords~\\

* All figure captions~\\

* All tables (including title, description, footnotes)~\\

Further considerations~\\

* Manuscript has been `spell-checked' and `grammar-checked'~\\

* All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited in the text,
and vice versa~\\

* Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted material from
other sources (including the Internet)~\\

Printed version of figures (if applicable) in color or
black-and-white~\\

* Indicate clearly whether or not color or black-and-white in print is
required.\\

For any further information please visit
our~\href{http://service.elsevier.com/app/overview/}{Support Center}.

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