Ampelopsis grossedentata is a unique plant species native to China. This study utilizes 193 geographical distribution data points and 34 environmental variables, including bioclimate, altitude, and radiation, to simulate the potential suitable distribution areas and changing characteristics of A. grossedentata under three future climate scenarios using the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model alongside the BCC-CSM2-MR, EC-Earth3-Veg, and GISS-E2-1-G models. The results indicate that: (1) The prediction accuracy of the MaxEnt model is relatively high, with AUC values ranging from 0.917 to 0.956. TSS values is 0.884. (2) The six key environmental variables influencing the distribution of A. grossedentata are precipitation in the driest month, precipitation in the driest season, annual rainfall, monthly average radiation in May, altitude, and lowest temperature in the coldest month. The thresholds for these key environmental variables in the highly suitable distribution areas are as follows: 35–90 mm for the precipitation in the driest month, 130–300 mm for the precipitation in the driest season, 1200–1850 mm for annual rainfall, 14,000–15,400 KJ·m -2·d -1 for the monthly average radiation in May, below 1100 m for altitude, and 4.0–9.0 ℃ for the lowest temperature in the coldest month. (3) Under the SSP126 scenario, the areas classified as highly and moderately suitable for A. grossedentata can be expanded, with the total suitable distribution areas projected to reach a maximum of 1.781 million km 2 between 2081 and 2100. The SSP245 scenario is less effective than SSP126 in increasing suitable distribution areas but outperforms the SSP585 scenario, particularly in enhancing highly suitable distribution areas in Guangdong, Fujian, and Hunan, increasing moderately suitable distribution areas in Yunnan and Taiwan, and degrading moderately suitable distribution areas in central Sichuan and eastern Zhejiang to a lowly suitable status. Under the conventional development scenario SSP585, some highly suitable distribution areas in Yunnan, Guangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, and Jiangxi are expected to transition into moderately suitable distribution areas, while the moderately suitable distribution areas in Hainan may degrade to low suitability. The total suitable distribution area in China is projected to be at its lowest historical level from 2061 to 2080. (4) From 2041 to 2100, the total suitable distribution area for A. grossedentata increases only under the SSP126 climate scenario, while it decreases under the SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios. The centroid of the total suitable distribution area shifts according to different climate scenarios. Under the sustainable development scenario SSP126, the centroid moves 87 km from the current border of Hunan and Guangxi to the south of Hunan Province in an easterly direction. In contrast, under the regional development SSP245 and conventional development SSP585 scenarios, the centroid shifts 28–64 km northward, remaining primarily at the border of Hunan and Guangxi.