Conclusion
In a large group of patients with AF recurrence despite durably isolated
PVs we investigated current ablation practices during repeat AF
ablation, in the Netherlands. We observed a diverse range of ablation
strategies ranging from no ablation to various combinations, with no
significant difference in effectiveness between strategies, also
irrespective of whether patients presented with paroxysmal or persistent
AF. Prospective, randomized studies are necessary to gain further
insights into whether and which additional ablation strategies beyond
PVI are beneficial in this patient population and to explore the
potential advantages of tailoring treatment to individual patient
characteristics.