Objective: This paper was unearthed to unveil the capability of lncRNA NEAT1 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of essential hypertension (EH) through the axis of microRNA-34a-5p/thioredoxin-interacting protein (miR-34a-5p/TXNIP). Methods: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from patients with EH. Examination of miR-34a-5p, NEAT1, and TXNIP levels in peripheral blood was performed. VSMCs from spontaneously hypertensive rats were treated with the sequences of miR-34a-5p/NEAT1/TXNIP, thereafter cell activities were traced. The link s among miR-34a-5p, NEAT1, and TXNIP were verified. Results: Raised NEAT1 and TXNIP, along with suppressed levels of miR-34a-5p were tested in EH patients. Depleting NEAT1 hindered proliferation and migration and drove apoptosis of VSMCs. NEAT1 interacted with miR-34a-5p to target TXNIP. Elevated miR-34a-5p weakens the impacts of restored NEAT1 on VSMCs. Elevated TXNIP weakens the impacts of restored miR-34a-5p on VSMCs. Conclusion: Depleting NEAT1 suppresses the biological functions of VSMCs in EH via the miR-34a-5p/TXNIP axis.