Introduction
Placental mesenchymal disease (PMD) is a rare and benign antenatal disorder affecting the placenta in 0,02-0,2% of pregnancies (1). It is predominantly seen in female fetuses with a male to female ratio of 1 : 3,6 - 8 (2).
Initially based on a sonographic evaluation, the differential diagnoses include partial hydatidiform molar pregnancy, complete mole and coexisting fetus, spontaneous miscarriage with hydropic changes and placental mosaicism (1).
Diagnosing PMD proves to be challenging since the ultrasound features resemble hydatidiform molar pregnancy (1-2). The clinical implications and management differ greatly. Even if PMD carries no risk of neoplastic disorder (1), only 9% of reported cases of PMD result in an uncomplicated pregnancy, while the vast majority is associated with feto-maternal complications (3).
The definitive diagnosis is only confirmed by gross and microscopic pathologic examination (3).
Detecting the disease to be able to correctly inform the patients on this rare disorder and to provide the best management is of utmost importance.
We report a case of PMD resulting in the birth of a healthy female baby with review of the literature.