Introduction
Placental mesenchymal disease (PMD) is a rare and benign antenatal
disorder affecting the placenta in 0,02-0,2% of pregnancies (1). It is
predominantly seen in female fetuses with a male to female ratio of 1 :
3,6 - 8 (2).
Initially based on a sonographic evaluation, the differential diagnoses
include partial hydatidiform molar pregnancy, complete mole and
coexisting fetus, spontaneous miscarriage with hydropic changes and
placental mosaicism (1).
Diagnosing PMD proves to be challenging since the ultrasound features
resemble hydatidiform molar pregnancy (1-2). The clinical implications
and management differ greatly. Even if PMD carries no risk of neoplastic
disorder (1), only 9% of reported cases of PMD result in an
uncomplicated pregnancy, while the vast majority is associated with
feto-maternal complications (3).
The definitive diagnosis is only confirmed by gross and microscopic
pathologic examination (3).
Detecting the disease to be able to correctly inform the patients on
this rare disorder and to provide the best management is of utmost
importance.
We report a case of PMD resulting in the birth of a healthy female baby
with review of the literature.