This paper proposes a predefined-time (PT) edge vector-based formation maneuver control for underactuated marine vehicles (MVs) with intermittent communication connection (ICC). The control goal is to steer MVs to perform formation translation, scaling, and rotation with predefined convergence time. Unlike the traditional distance/bearing-based methods, the proposed method allows two leaders to flexibly manage the formation, even without requiring followers to know the formation details and maintain constant communication connections with multiple neighbors. Specifically, a novel edge vector-based method is developed for followers to construct the PT guidance law, where the desired offset is replaced by the edge vector between two neighbor positions, thus avoiding dependence on prior formation information. Once the set condition in the designed ICC strategy is satisfied, the communication requirement with multiple neighbors for followers can be reduced to just one, while formation maintenance for followers relies solely on the previous edge vector. To avoid the “explosion of complexity” problem, a PT filter is constructed to obtain the differential signals. A PT disturbance observer is introduced to estimate composite disturbance, and a PT control law is designed to achieve formation maneuvers with the predefined convergence time. Ultimately, the theoretical analysis and simulation results are given to validate the stability and effectiveness of the control system.