In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms have gained traction in diverse fields, such as disaster relief and agricultural production. However, programming tasks for UAV swarms presents significant challenges due to their scale, task complexity, and the need for autonomy and collaboration. To address these issues, we propose SwarmL, a task description language specifically designed for orchestrating UAV swarm operations, accompanied by its runtime interpreter. SwarmL features several key attributes: (1) a clear task decomposition framework with a “Main-Task-Behavior-Action” structure and “init-goal-routine” control flow; (2) integration of trained AI policies into swarm task execution; (3) support for concurrent operations through language primitives like “each” and “||”, enabling concise descriptions of multi-level concurrency among groups, UAVs, and devices; and (4) collaborative capabilities via a blackboard system that facilitates autonomous communication among UAVs. To illustrate the usability of SwarmL and its interpreter, we present a search-and-delivery task within the Airsim simulator, successfully integrating policies from the DQN reinforcement learning algorithm. This example demonstrates effective concurrent management, allowing multiple UAVs to execute tasks simultaneously while enhancing cooperation between search and delivery UAVs through the blackboard system.