Background：NTRK (neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase) gene fusions are genetic alterations that can drive cancer development, including in lung cancer. The incidence of neurotrophic myosin receptor kinase (NTRK) fusions in NSCLC is extremely low, with reports of approximately 0.2%. In this study, one case was reported to improve clinicia ns’ understanding of NTRK fusion lung adenocarcinoma, and to summarize the knowledge of NTRK from biology to treatment by reading the literature. Case: In this study, we reported a 65-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma by biopsy and imaging, and was tested negative for the driver gene. After chemotherapy treatment, the disease progressed, biopsy again, genetic testing showed NTRK1-TPM3 gene fusion, and after entrectinib treatment, the effect was obvious. PFS (progression-free survival) data for entrectinib in patients with NTRK fusion-positive NSCLC showed a median PFS of 28 months. The patient has been taking it for 13 months, and his condition is still well controlled, and the follow-up efficacy continues to be observed. Conclusion: In this paper, we report a patient with lung adenocarcinoma with NTRK fusion to observe the efficacy of TKI. By reviewing the literature, we will learn about the NTRK gene family, the distribution of NTRK fusions in tumors, its detection methods, the treatment and resistance mechanism of targeted drugs, so that clinicians can have a deeper understanding of NTRK fusion lung cancer.