Donkeys have held significant cultural and practical roles across diverse societies and nations for centuries. In the contemporary context, they serve various purposes, including recreational activities, therapeutic interventions, and, notably, the breeding of mules. While donkeys and horses share some reproductive similarities, they also exhibit distinct differences. Jennies, the female donkeys, have a more extended reproductive cycle and gestation period compared to mares, with unique reproductive behaviors. Unlike horses, donkeys show less seasonality in their reproductive patterns, with factors beyond photoperiod influencing their reproductive cycles. Furthermore, the reproductive organs of male donkeys, known as jacks, are larger than those of stallions, and they require more time to achieve ejaculation. In terms of assisted reproduction, artificial insemination with fresh semen is a common practice on many farms, and certain efficient protocols using cooled semen have been implemented. However, the use of frozen-thawed semen remains a challenging aspect. While there have been advancements in embryo transfer techniques for donkeys in recent years, achieving higher pregnancy rates is essential for it to become a more effective reproductive method. Therefore, a more profound understanding of donkey reproductive physiology is necessary to develop optimal protocols for the application of reproductive biotechnologies in this species.