Abstract: Objective To study the therapeutic effect and mechanism of lanthanum chloride (LaCl3) on renal injury and tissue apoptosis induced by chronic kidney disease (CKD) in rats. In addition, its inhibitory effect on high phosphorus-induced apoptosis in human renal cortical proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells) and its mechanism were investigated. Methods A total of 60 6-week-old (male) Wistar rats were selected to establish a CKD model by adenine supplementation. According to the random principle, 10 rats were selected as the blank control group, and the remaining 50 rats were modeled. HK-2 cells were induced with βGP, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and AMPK/PGC1α signaling pathway-related proteins was detected. Resultsd. Results Lanthanum chloride can significantly reduce renal injury and tissue apoptosis in CKD rats and can effectively inhibit the apoptosis of HK-2 cells induced by β-GP. Conclusion This study confirmed that the inhibitory effect of LaCl3 on the apoptosis of HK-2 cells induced by β-GP was related to the AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway, but the specific mechanism by which La3+ affects the AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway needs further study.