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\author[1]{Sergio Galindo-Leon}%
\author[2]{Hideki Kadone}%
\author[3]{Modar Hassan}%
\author[3]{Kenji Suzuki}%
\affil[1]{School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba}%
\affil[2]{Center for Innovative Medicine and Engineering, University of Tsukuba Hospital}%
\affil[3]{Institute of Systems and Information and Engineering, University of Tsukuba}%


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  \date{April 26, 2026}


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\begin{abstract}
Objective: Using a 3-degree-of-freedom (DOF) prosthetic foot with
lateral and toe joint compliance, this study aims to evaluate the
combined effects these features in prosthetic gait through gait trials
on 10 non-amputated individual. Results: The addition of coronal and toe
compliance had significant kinematic and muscular effects. Notably, this
compliance combination reduced peak pelvis obliquity by 27\%, preserved
the swing stance/ratio, and decreased gluteus medius's activation by
34\% on the non prosthetic side, compared to the laterally rigid version
of the prosthesis without toe compliance. Conclusions: The results
underscore the importance of integrating coronal and toe compliance in
prosthetic feet designs as they shows potential in improving gait
metrics related to mediolateral movements and balance, while also
decreasing muscle activation. Still, these findings remain to be
validated in people with transtibial amputations.%
\end{abstract}%



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