6.2.9 UV irradiation 
The average irradiance was measured at 0.8 mW/cm² using iodide/iodate chemical actinometry (Boltan et al.,2003). To speed up the reaction, all test solutions were agitated for 30 minutes at 350 rpm. 1440 mJ/cm² was the final UV dose. Standard procedures used in UV/chlorine advanced oxidation processes were used to determine the dosage of chlorine and length of UV irradiation. Wang et al.(2015) The majority of studies on the behaviour of micropollutants in UV or UV-based processes have been carried out in laboratory environments, usually with solutions prepared with lab water. Wastewater or natural river water samples are rarely used in research, resulting in limited data on the behaviour of micropollutants in wastewater during UV treatment (Cicek et al., 2007). By gathering samples at every stage of the treatment process, the elimination of estrogen in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was investigated. Pathogens can be effectively inactivated by UV therapy, although their efficacy may be impacted by water quality parameters such as turbidity and the presence of organic matter (Linden et al., 2011).
6.2.10 Nanofiltration 
A membrane filtering method called nanofiltration uses cylindrical pores the size of nanometers that are arranged perpendicularly through the membrane. These membranes are smaller than those used in microfiltration and have pore diameters ranging from 1 to 10 nanometers. Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are slightly larger than those in ultrafiltration. Drugs can be eliminated using three different methods by nanofiltration (NF) membranes: adsorption, Sieving and electrostatic repulsion (Dolara et al., 2012). The nanofiltration (NF) capacity, a sophisticated membrane filtration method used to eliminate a range of pollutants, including organic compounds. It started to be used in wastewater treatment in 2003 due to the molecules, heavy metals and various ions it contains (Van der Bruggen & Vandecasteele., 2003). With pore sizes that typically range from 0.1 to 1 nanometre, NF membranes function at the molecular level, effectively rejecting larger particles while allowing smaller ions and water molecules to pass through (Yaroshchuk, 2000). Because of this, NF is especially useful for getting rid of drugs, substances that cause hormone disruption, and other new pollutants that are hard to remove using traditional treatment techniques (Hilal et al., 2004). It has low energy consumption and higher rejection of contaminants (Das et al., 2018). Because NF may achieve more than 90% clearance efficiency, it is a potential choice for pharmaceutical distribution (Bolong et al., 2009).