Robust Instability Analysis of Discrete-Time LTI Systems via Phase
Change Rate Maximization and Its Applications
Abstract
The problem of phase change rate (PCR) maximization for discrete-time
transfer functions is examined and shown to facilitate the search for a
minimum-norm stable controller to stabilize an unstable system — an
effort that is closely related to robust instability analysis. The
latter arises in the study of sustained oscillatory phenomena in
nonlinear systems and other practical applications. This paper
formulates the PCR maximization problem for discrete-time systems
subject to constraints at the unique peak gain frequency, and provides a
step-by-step solution to the problem. A first-order all-pass function is
shown to be the optimal solution to PCR maximization and can be viewed
as the worst-case strongly stabilizing perturbation, thereby providing a
sufficient condition for determining the robust instability radius —
an effective measure of instability — of an unstable system. Two
real-world applications are presented to illustrate the utility of our
results. The first is the strong stabilization of a magnetic levitation
system using a minimum-effort digital controller for improved energy
efficiency. The second involves quantifying the robustness of the
oscillatory behavior associated with neural spike generations in the
FitzHugh–Nagumo model subject to perturbations.