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    The use of biochar to assist in microbial degradation is seen as a key
strategy for eliminating organic pollutants. However, the specific ways
in which biochar aids this process are not fully understood. This study
examined how biochar affects the degradation of phenol by
phenol-degrading bacteria (PDB). The findings indicate that when PDB was
combined with biochar, phenol removal reached 82.4% at a concentration
of 1300 mg/L, surpassing 41.6% phenol removal ratio from single
microorgranism treatment. Microbial community analysis indicated that
there was a notable increase in Gammaproteobacteria, Serratia,
Raitonia and Enterobacter in the biochar-assisted sample
compared to those in the sample without biochar. The pathway of phenol
degradation was confirmed via GC-MS analysis and metabolomic analysis,
the findings revealed that the phenol degradation pathway used by PDB
was an ortho-cleavage pathway. PICRUSt2 analysis suggested that the
addition of biochar might enhance PDB metabolism by modulatiing the
degradation of inprotocatechuate, toluene and phenylacetate. Metabolomic
analysis indicated that biochar demonstrated potential to augment PDB
biodegradation by promoting Oxygen-driven metabolism and fueling
bacterial cell energy needs. This study sheds light on how biochar
affects PDB biochemical breakdown and offers useful information for the
potential use of biochar-supported microbial technology in phenol
degradation.