Objectives: To identify the differences in the clinical characteristics of frailty syndrome between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls and to explore the correlation between frailty severity and immune-inflammatory markers in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: Twenty-seven community-dwelling patients (male, 51.9%; mean age, 39.9 ± 7.8 years; age range, 20–55 years) with schizophrenia and 14 healthy controls (male, 35.7%; mean age, 37.1 ± 8.4 years) were recruited; laboratory data were collected for assessing frailty using the index-laboratory and immune-inflammatory markers. Results: The Frailty Index-laboratory scores of participants with schizophrenia were higher than those of healthy controls significantly. Relative to the healthy controls, the participants with schizophrenia exhibited significantly higher levels of memory (CD45RO+) γ/δ T− Th17, naïve (CD45RA+) γ/δ T+, regulatory γ/δ T− Th, memory (CD45RO+) regulatory γ/δ T− Th, and memory (CD45RO−) Tc. By contrast, the two groups did not differ significantly for hs-CRP and homocysteine. The level of memory (CD45RO+) γ/δ T− Tc was positively correlated with FI-Lab results. Conclusions: The participants with schizophrenia exhibited a higher level of frailty and various immune-inflammatory markers relative to the healthy controls. Memory (CD45RO+) γ/δ T− Tc may serve as proxies reflecting prefrailty changes in patients with schizophrenia before old age.