Taken together, these findings demonstrate that butyrate exposure induces complex histone acetylation dynamics. Generally, H3K27Ac was rapidly depleted around the TSS of genes, which was most pronounced for downregulated genes. Only very strongly induced genes expressed at very low baseline levels did show a sustained gain in promoter H3K27Ac levels. The overall effects on the enhancer landscape appear to be more modest, although hyper-acetylation of enhancers may, in part, be linked to the upregulated expression of associated genes.