Trophic interactions are crucial for maintaining ecological balance. In cities, avian predation has been shown to be particularly relevant due to its effects on community structure, pest control, and nutrient cycling. As humanity relies upon ecosystem services for survival and 70% of the human population is projected to live in cities by 2050, understanding the effects of urbanization on avian predation is imperative. This study investigates the effects of urban microclimates, impacted by impervious surface and green/blue infrastructure, and human-induced disturbances, on avian predation in urban areas. Plasticine caterpillars were placed in Quercus robur trees to assess the avian predation rate. The analyses evaluated the impact of artificial lighting at night, human population density, noise pollution, vegetation, and water bodies on predation rates during two months in the city of Amsterdam. Results indicated a substantial increase in predation during the second month, likely caused by an increase in naïve fledglings or elevated ambient temperatures. Noise pollution consistently emerged as the most reliable predictor of predation, consistently leading to a reduction in predation rates, possibly due to avoidance behaviour. Other predictors exhibited substantial temporal and spatial variability. Artificial lighting at night increased predation in the first month, suggesting that insectivorous birds predate near illuminated areas. The diminished effect of artificial lighting in the second month may be attributed to the increased daylength. During the second month, all predictors negatively affected predation, supporting the increasing disturbance hypothesis. These findings underscore the complex relationship between urban factors and avian predation, highlighting the need for mitigation efforts in urban planning.