Background Air pollution, particularly that of particulate matter (PM) 2.5, poses a significant threat to global health. PM 2.5, can penetrate deep into the lungs and bloodstream, causing severe health risks, especially cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Objective To investigate the causal relationship between PM 2.5 exposure and inflammatory biomarkers using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Methods We utilized data from the IEU OpenGWAS database focusing on four inflammatory biomarkers: C-reactive protein (CRP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The primary analysis was conducted using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by MR-Egger regression, weighted median, and weighted mode approaches to ensure robustness. Results The IVW method revealed significant causal relationships between PM 2.5 exposure and elevated levels of CRP (OR=1.23, 95% CI=1.02-1.48, p=0.029), MPO (OR=2.26, 95% CI=1.16-4.42, p=0.017), and IL-6 (OR=1.44, 95% CI=1.02-2.02, p=0.037), but not TNF-α (OR=0.86, 95% CI=0.51-1.45, p=0.582). Conclusion This study provides evidence of a causal relationship between PM 2.5 exposure and increased levels of CRP, MPO, and IL-6, highlighting the role of air pollution in modulating inflammatory responses. These findings support the need for stricter air quality regulations to mitigate the health impacts of pollution. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and a broader range of biomarkers to validate these results and enhance environmental health strategies.