IgA nephropathy(IgAN) and membranous nephropathy(MN) are glomerular disorders exhibiting distinct pathogenic mechanisms.The gut microbiome, a crucial component in maintaining overall health, may also contribute to the pathophysiology of renal diseases. A comparative analysis of the gut microbial profiles between IgAN and MN patients could provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms driving these kidney conditions. This study employed high-throughput sequencing and rigorous statistical analyses to investigate the differences in gut microbiota composition between IgAN and MN patients. Stool samples were collected, and the bacterial abundance patterns were analyzed to identify potential associations with relevant clinical indicators. The analysis revealed significant disparities in the dominant gut microbiota profiles between IgAN and MN patients, with varying types and abundances of distinct bacterial genera. Escherichia-Shigella and Klebsiella were identified as key bacterial taxa associated with IgAN and MN, respectively, and demonstrated correlations with relevant clinical parameters. Alterations in gut microbial composition were found to potentially influence glucose homeostasis, immune responses, and transcription factor activation. This study underscore the importance of further research to elucidate the specific mechanisms underlying the association between gut microbiome dysbiosis and the pathogenesis of IgAN and MN. Understanding the role of specific bacterial genera and their interactions with clinical indicators could provide valuable insights for early diagnosis and the development of novel therapeutic strategies for these kidney diseases. Continued exploration of the gut-kidney axis and the impact of gut microbiota on renal health is warranted to advance our understanding of these complex conditions and inform future clinical management approaches.